ProVaticanus

XP+SPQR Labarum Fibula Sperare in Deo #XP pro Reunificatione #SPQR per Imperium finibus Orientis Occidentisque https://www.zazzle.com/xp_spqr_labarum_fibula_button-145221106554898908 In Christogramma habemus potentiam reunificationis, sic dicitur + : ἐν τούτῳ νίκα = In Hoc Signo Vinces Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de HardstyleMUSIC™ pro bono rei publicae. #XP #SPQR #Spes http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Vestigia Romae: Mappa Legionum XP+SPQR per Imperium Romanum sub Theodosio Magno (~400 A.D.) https://www.zazzle.com/ProVaticanus In Christogramma habemus potentiam reunificationis, sic dicitur + : ἐν τούτῳ νίκα = In Hoc Signo Vinces Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de "KLAUS W" pro bono rei publicae. #RomanEmpire #XP #SPQR http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

☧ https://www.zazzle.com/ProVaticanus In Christogramma habemus potentiam reunificationis, sic dicitur + : ἐν τούτῳ νίκα = In Hoc Signo Vinces Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de "HardstyleMUSIC™" pro bono rei publicae. #RomanEmpire #XP #SPQR http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

CRUX TEUTONICA http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Ordo Sanctae Mariae Teutonicorum vel Ordo Teutonicus est ordo religiosus equitum, anno fere 1191 constitutus. Crux Ordinis Teutonicorum Ordinis insigne est crux niger ungularum vel potius crux niger felum pedum, Germanice Tatzenkreuz. Hic crux adhuc est signum exercitus Germanici. Sententia ordinis est Helfen, Heilen, Wehren ("adiuvare, sanare, defendere"). Res gestae Ordo conditus est tempore tertiae expeditionis sacrae anno 1190. Primum ordo tertia cruciata illis adiuvabat qui in terram sacram migrabant. Deinde ordo militaris factus est ut Imperio Romano Sacro in terra sacra adiuvaret. Tum ordo emigrationem Germanorum ex Germania orientem versus effecit. Anno 1237 Fratres militiae Christi Livoniae, primum pars ordinis Teutonici, constituti sunt. Anno 1410 milites Polonici et Lituanici deigenetricis hymnum vulgo Bogurodzica appellatum cantantes cruciferos Teutonicos ad silvam viridem ut ipsi dicunt vel ad abium montem ut Germani dicunt vicerunt. Ordo a Napoleone prohibitus est anno 1809. In Austria autem supervixit. Usque ab anno 1929 est ordo clericorum et inter Canonicos Regulares numeratur. Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de "Retro Daniel" pro bono rei publicae. #Teutonic #Crusaders #DeusVult http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Musivum Navicella ex Giotto: Tu es Petrus, et super hanc petram ædificabo Ecclesiam meam. http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus https://www.zazzle.com/musivum_navicella_ex_giotto_poster-228043706335081061 https://opensea.io/assets/0x495f947276749ce646f68ac8c248420045cb7b5e/70850007952586269275279839719145878113431027391457810365503705764438004989953/ Giotto Navicella 1305-13 (COPY) GIOTTO di Bondone (b. 1267, Vespignano, d. 1337, Firenze) Navicella 1305-13 Oil on canvas, 740 x 990 cm Fabbrica di San Pietro, Rome The Navicella, for which Stefaneschi composed a verse caption, must have aroused enormous fascination among contemporaries immediately after it was completed as several replicas are known. Prior to the mosaic was finally installed inside the church in 1628, Francesco Berretta was commissioned to make an exact copy in paint, shown in this reproduction. The mosaic measured approximately 13,5 x 9,5 m, and depicted on its uninterrupted surface St. Peter walking on the waters. When Francesco Berretta made the copy on canvas of Giotto’s mosaic in 1628 the framework, the figure of Peter and large parts from around the edges had already been lost. However, we can still make out the monumental composition of the mosaic – the great ship, in which Peter’s companions, full of fear, watch the events on the water. #Navicella #TuEsPetrus #Giotto http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

CRUX SUPREMI MILITARIS ORDINIS HOSPITALARIS SANCTI IOANNIS HIEROSOLYMITANI RHODIENSIS ET MELITENSIS✠ http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (Italian: Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme di Rodi e di Malta; Latin: Supremus Militaris Ordo Hospitalarius Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani Rhodiensis et Melitensis), commonly known as the Order of Malta, Malta Order or Knights of Malta, is a Catholic lay religious order, traditionally of a military, chivalric and noble nature. #Malta #Crusaders #DeusVult http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

CRUX ORDINIS MILITARIS CHRISTI http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus The Military Order of Christ (Portuguese: Ordem Militar de Nosso Senhor Jesus Cristo), before 1910 Royal Military Order of Our Lord Jesus Christ (Portuguese: Real Ordem Militar de Nosso Senhor Jesus Cristo), previously the Order of the Knights of Our Lord Jesus Christ (Ordem dos Cavaleiros de Nosso Senhor Jesus Cristo), is the former Knights Templar order as it was reconstituted in Portugal after the Templars were abolished on 22 March 1312 by the papal bull, Vox in excelso, issued by Pope Clement V. The Order of Christ was founded in 1319, with the protection of the Portuguese king, Denis, who refused to pursue and persecute the former knights as had occurred in most of the other sovereign states under the political influence of the Catholic Church. Heavily swayed by Philip IV of France, Pope Clement had the Knights Templar annihilated throughout France and most of Europe on charges of heresy, but Denis revived the Templars of Tomar as the Order of Christ, largely for their aid during the Reconquista and in the reconstruction of Portugal after the wars. Denis negotiated with Clement's successor, John XXII, for recognition of the new order and its right to inherit the Templar assets and property. This was granted in a papal bull, Ad ea ex quibus, on 14 March 1319. There exists also a parallel Supreme Order of Christ of the Holy See and Order of Christ of House of Orléans-Braganza. Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de "GameChops" pro bono rei publicae. #Crusaders #Portugal #DeusVult http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

ACTA NON VERBA NFT: https://opensea.io/assets/0x495f947276749ce646f68ac8c248420045cb7b5e/70850007952586269275279839719145878113431027391457810365503705795224330567681/ http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Flavius Belisarius (Graece: Βελισάριος) fuit magister militum imperatore Augusto Iustiniano eius nominis primo regnante. Natus est circa annum 505; mortuus est anno 565. Uxorem duxit Antoninam. Belisarius verisimiliter natus est in oppido nomine Germane vel Germania circa annum 505. Adulescens fuit in Byzantino exercitu bucellarius Iustini eius nominis primi. Illo mortuo, magister militum in orientali parte regni Byzantini est factus ut contra Persas pugnaret. Mense Iunio anni 530 Persas Darae vicit, sed postea ante Euphratem revictus est. Mense Ianuario anni 532 seditio "Nica" nomine exarsit, et Belisarius illam severe repressit. Annis 533–534, regnante Gelimero, Vandalorum re, Flavius expeditionem contra Vandalos duxit, et illos in pugnis "ad decimum" atque apud "Tricamarum" vicit. Annis 535–548 expeditionem in Italia contra Gothos duxit. Anno 535 etiam consul nominatus est. Capta Ravenna, Gothi Italiae coronam ei porrexerunt, sed recusavit. Cum Iustinianus Belisario invideret, eum in patriam ut pugnat in Syria revocavit. Anno 548, victis copiis Syrorum, in Italiam redivit sed, cum exiguum militium numerum haberet, profligatus est. Anno 549 profligavit copias Moesiae. Anno 559 profligavit Hunnos. Anno 562 Iustinianus actionem perduellionis Belisario intendit, sed accusatio fuit falsa. Anno 565 Flavius Belisarius mortuus est. Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de Jove Mauro Cámara pro bono rei publicae. #MagisterMilitum #Belisarius #Latin http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

D • N • TEODOSIVS S • P • F • AVG https://www.zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Acta Sanctorum, Tom. 6, p. 37 - Martyrologium Usuardi (XVI Kal. - Die. 17 - "Mensis Januarius"): "Eo die, Mediolani obiit Theodosius imperator. In cujus mortem orationem habuit sanctissimus antistes, Aurelius Ambrosius, in celebritate quadragesimi die obitus ipsius, Honorio principe, filio ejus assistente." Flavius Theodosius (Caucae apud Segoviam natus die 11 Januarii 347 – obiit in Mediolani die 17 Januarii 395), qui dicitur etiam Theodosius Magnus, fuit imperator, ultimus omnis Imperii Romani ab anno 379 usque ad mortem. Edicta ejus Christianismum ut sola religio legitima effecerunt et Ecclesiam Catholica plene comprobaverunt. Postea imperium inter liberos ejus Honorium et Arcadium divisum est. #Theodosius #SPQR #RomanEmpire http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Cum Aquila Frumentarii XP+SPQR ad campos videre viribus supra spectanda pro Victrice NFT: https://opensea.io/assets/0x495f947276749ce646f68ac8c248420045cb7b5e/70850007952586269275279839719145878113431027391457810365503705772134586384385 http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Frumentarius is a Latin adjective meaning "of or pertaining to grains" or "a grain merchant". This is because of their position in ancient Rome as food procurers. They are modeled on the frumentarii of the ancient Roman army, who began as food supply officers and soon adapted to be used as spies and special agents in the time of the emperors. #Frumentarii #SecretService #RomanEmpire Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de Jove Mauro Cámara pro bono rei publicae. http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Proelium apud Locum Mauriacum gestum vel Pugna Catalaunica (20 Iun. 451 A.D.) http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Proelium apud Locum Mauriacum gestum, vel Pugna Catalaunica vulgo appellatum, fuit pugna Iunio 451 commissa, qua Romani et Visigothi Hunnos et Burgundiones superaverunt. Hoc proelium fuit ultimum magnum proelium a Romanis occidentalibus pugnatum. Attila cum Hunnis Rhenum transgressus Gallias populavit. Tunc Valentinianus III Flavio Aetio iussit Hunnos superare. Aetius foedere cum Visigothis icto id effecit, ut Visigothi Theodorico I duce cum Romanis pugnarent. Altera ex parte Attila magnum numerum Burgundionum, Ostrogothorum, Gepidorum ad pugnam eduxit. Copiae Attilae superatae sunt, Theodoricus autem Visigothorum dux in pugna cecidit. Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de Marvin Saur et Ioseph Balam pro bono rei publicae. #Aetius #RomanEmpire #Atilla http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

CRUX SANCTI IACOBI https://www.zazzle.com/store/provaticanus/products?dp=0&qs=santiago Militia Sancti Iacobi (Hispanice: Orden (militar) de Santiago) aut pleniter Ordo Militaris Sancti Iacobi de la Spatha fuit ordo militaris, in Hispania creata in aetate Recuperationis Hispanica. Conditus est ordo saeculo XII in Legionensi regno adiuvante cardinale Alberto de Morra (papa futuro Gregorio VIII). Equites et milites pugnaverunt continenter in Iberia contra Mauros, et praecipue defenderunt peregrinos qui ad Sepulchrum Apostoli Iacobi ambulabant. Milites erant etiam fratres in Ordine Augustiniana. Milites Sancti Iacobi et magister eorum pugnaverunt strenue in Proelio Navae tolosae. Cum Mauri tandem victi sunt anno 1493, Milita Sancti Iacobi institutio monarchiae facta est. Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de Vega pro bono rei publicae. #Santiago #CruzDeSantiago #España http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

CRUX DE CALATRAVA https://www.zazzle.com/store/provaticanus/products?dp=0&qs=calatrava Militia Calatravae ordinis Cisterciensis (Hispanice: Orden (militar) de Calatrava) fuit primus ordo militaris Hispanicus, aetate Recuperationis Hispanicae saeculo XII in Castellae regno a monacho-equite Raimundo de Fitero conditus. Equites militesque in Iberia contra Mauros continenter pugnabant; ergo militia a militibus qui praesidium Calatravae defendebant contra Almohades anno 1158 conlecta est. Milites erant fratres Ordinis Cisterciensis, qui, eorum magistro duce, in Proelio Navae Tolosae strenue pugnabant. Anno 1493, Mauris tandem victis, Milita Calatravae institutio monarchiae facta est. Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de GameBeets pro bono rei publicae. #DeusVult #Calatrava #Chivalry http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

CRUX DE MONTESA https://www.zazzle.com/store/provaticanus?qs=montesa This order was established in the Kingdom of Aragon to take the place of the Order of the Temple, of which it was in a certain sense the continuation. It derived its title from St. George of Montesa, its principal stronghold. The Templars were received with enthusiasm in Aragon from their very foundation (1128). Bérenger III, Count of Barcelona, wished to die in the habit of a Templar (1130). King Alfonso I, "The Fighter", having no direct heir, bequeathed his dominions to be divided among the Templars, the Hospitallers, and the Canons of the Holy Sepulchre, but naturally this bequest was annulled by his subjects (1131). The Templars had to be contented with certain castles, the chief of which was Monzon. Although the Aragonese branch of the order was pronounced innocent at the famous trial of the Templars, Clement V's Bull of suppression was applied to them in spite of the protests of King James II (1312). By way of compensation, however, this monarch obtained from Pope John XXII authority to dispose of the possessions of the Templars in his Kingdom of Valencia in favour of a military order not essentially differing from that of the Templars, which should be charged with the defence of his frontier against the Moors and the pirates. It was affiliated to the Order of Calatrava, from which its first recruits were drawn, and it was maintained in dependence upon that order. The first of the fourteen grand masters, who ruled the Order of Montesa until the office was united with the Crown by Philip II in 1587, was Guillermo d'Eril. #DeusVult #Montesa #Crusaders http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

CRUX DE ALCANTARA https://www.zazzle.com/store/provaticanus?qs=alcantara Ordo militiae de Alcantara (Hispanice: Orden militar de Alcántara) fuit ordo militaris, in Hispania creata in aetate Recuperationis Hispanica. Conditus est ordo saeculo XII, anno 1154 in Legionensi regno. Milites erant fratres Ordinis Cisterciensis, quia conditor fuit miles Ordinis Calatravae. Primo Alcantara fuit praesidium Calatravorum equitum, sed ob distantiam inter Alcantaram et Calatravam, ius proprium acceperunt milites in Alcantara, et sub patrocinio regis ordinem novam creaverunt cum milites Sancti Iuliani. Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de M.R.4 pro bono rei publicae. #Alcantara #Crusade #DeusVult http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

SS. GELASII PP. I EPISTOLA VIII AD ANASTASIUM IMPERATOREM: FAMULI VESTRÆ PIETATIS (494 A.D.) http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Denzinger 347 (2) Duo sunt quippe, imperator auguste, quibus principaliter mundus hic regitur, auctoritas sacrata pontificum et regalis potestas, in quibus tanto gravius pondus est sacerdotum, quanto etiam pro ipsis regibus hominum in divino reddituri sunt examine rationem. Nosti etenim, fili clementissime, quoniam licet praesedeas humano generi dignitate, rerum tamen praesulibus divinarum devotus colla submittis atque ab eis causas tuae salutis expetis, hincque sumendis caelestibus sacramentis eisque, ut competit, disponendis subdi te debere cognoscis religionis ordine potius quam praeesse, itaque inter haec illorum te pendere iudicio, non illos ad tuam velle redigi voluntatem. Si enim quantum ad ordinem publicae pertinet disciplinae, cognoscentes imperium tibi superna dispositione conlatum legibus tuis ipsi quoque parent religionis antistites, ne vel in rebus mundanis exclusae... videantur obviare sententiae, quo, oro te, decet affectu eis et convenit oboedire, qui praerogandis venerabilibus sunt attributi mysteriis ? Proinde, sicut non leve discrimen incumbit pontificibus siluisse pro divinitatis cultu quod congruit, ita his, quod absit, non mediocre periculum est, qui, cum debeant parere, despiciunt. Et si cunctis generaliter sacerdotibus recte divina tractantibus fidelium convenit corda submitti, quanto potius sedis illius praesuli consensus est adhibendus, quem cunctis sacerdotibus et divinitas summa voluit praeminere et subsequens Ecclesiae generalis iugiter pietas celebravit ? (3) Ubi pietas tua evidenter advertit numquam quolibet penitus humano consilio elevare se quemquam posse illius privilegio vel confessioni, quem Christi vox praetulit universis, quem Ecclesia veneranda confessa semper est et habet devota primatem. Impeti possunt humanis praesumptionibus, quae divino sunt iudicio constituta, vinci autem quorumlibet potestate non possunt. Cf. J.P. Migne, Patrologiae Cursus Completus: Series Latina, Tom. LVI, Col. 633-640: https://books.google.com/books?id=V8Q_AQAAMAAJ&lpg=PA633&ots=iYEe9a0kWf&dq=Famuli%20vestrae%20pietatis%2C%20filii%20mei%2C%20Faustus%20magister%20e&pg=PA633#v=onepage&q=Famuli%20vestrae%20pietatis,%20filii%20mei,%20Faustus%20magister%20e&f=false http://www.mlat.uzh.ch/index.php?app=browser&text=7697:10 http://monumenta.ch/latein/text.php?tabelle=Gelasius_I&rumpfid=Gelasius%20I,%20Epistolae%20et%20decreta,%20%20%20%20p10&level=3&domain=&lang=0&links=&inframe=1&links=1&hide_apparatus=1 #Gelasius #Magisterium #DuoSunt Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de Jove Mauro Cámara pro bono rei publicae. http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Capella Sanctorum Trium Regum Magorum per Concilium Florentinum aput Palacium Riccardi-Medici http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus The #Magi Chapel is a chapel in Palazzo Medici Riccardi of Florence, Italy. It includes a famous cycle of frescoes by the Renaissance master Benozzo Gozzoli, painted in 1459-1461.The chapel is on the piano nobile of the palace, and was one of the first decorations executed after the completion of the edifice by Michelozzo. #Gozzoli painted his cycle over three of the walls, the subject being the Journey of the Magi to Bethlehem, but the religious theme was a pretext to depict the procession of important people who arrived in #Florence in occasion of the Council of Florence (1438-1439). Nos Orientis Reges Tres Orientis reges tres procul dona portantes per campos et montes imus, stell(am) illam sequentes. O stella potens et mira, stella regalis pulchra, semper movens ad occasum duc nos ad claram lucem. Infans nate Bethlehem, portamus hanc coronam, Rex aeterne, sempiterne, Domine terrarum. O stella potens et mira, stella regalis pulchra, semper movens ad occasum duc nos ad claram lucem. Tus Sabaeum tibi fero, Tus dignum magno Deo; Te laudantes et orantes colimus in caelo. O stella potens et mira, stella regalis pulchra, semper movens ad occasum duc nos ad claram lucem. Myrrh(am) amaram defero; Circum te fumat caligo, te languentem et gementem, condit(um) in tumulo. O stella potens et mira, stella regalis pulchra, semper movens ad occasum duc nos ad claram lucem. Clarus surgit! O! Specta! Deus, rex, et victima! Alleluia, alleluia, canunt cael(um) et terra. O stella potens et mira, stella regalis pulchra, semper movens ad occasum duc nos ad claram lucem. We Three Kings of Orient Are We three kings of Orient are Bearing gifts we traverse afar Field and fountain, moor and mountain Following yonder star Oh, Star of wonder, star of night Star with royal beauty bright Westward leading, still proceeding Guide us to thy Perfect Light Born a King on Bethlehem's plain Gold I bring to crown Him again King forever, ceasing never Over us all to rein Oh, Star of wonder, star of night Star with royal beauty bright Westward leading, still proceeding Guide us to Thy perfect light Frankincense to offer have I Incense owns a Deity nigh Pray'r and praising, all men raising Worship Him, God most high Oh, Star of wonder, star of night Star with royal beauty bright Westward leading, still proceeding Guide us to Thy perfect light Myrrh is mine, its bitter perfume Breathes of life of gathering gloom Sorrowing, sighing, bleeding, dying Sealed in the stone-cold tomb Oh, Star of wonder, star of night Star with royal beauty bright Westward leading, still proceeding Guide us to Thy perfect light Glorious now behold Him arise King and God and Sacrifice Alleluia, Alleluia Earth to heav'n replies Oh, Star of wonder, star of night Star with royal beauty bright Westward leading, still proceeding Guide us to Thy perfect light. #Medici #Epiphany #CouncilOfFlorence http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Imperium Romanum Per Orientem #XP Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία και Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων https://www.zazzle.com/ProVaticanus In Christogramma habemus potentiam reunificationis, sic dicitur + : ἐν τούτῳ νίκα = In Hoc Signo Vinces Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de Jove Mauro Cámara pro bono rei publicae. #RomanEmpire #SPQR #Byzantine http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus #SPQR #RomanEmpire #Byzantine

Specter ut ProVaticanus M.O. VIIº in fidelibus et defunctis per spatium Romae ad circum Vaticanum. http://twitter.com/ProVaticanus Defuncti vivunt. https://t.co/YRGDzm8wGs Orbis non sufficit. http://www.zazzle.com/orbis_non_sufficit_camisia_t_shirt-235146768536211992 ProVaticanus venturus est. #ProVaticanus #Spectre #007 http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus

NVMMVS: D N AVITVS PERP F AVG. • VICTORI-A AVGGG. + A-R COMOB (~456 A.D.) http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Avitus, AD 455-456. Gold Solidus (4.47g). Minted at Arles July 9, AD 455 - October 17, AD 456. West Roman Empire. D N AVITVS PERP F AVG. Rosette-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust of Avitus right. Reverse: VICTORI-A AVGGG. Emperor in military attire standing right, holding long cross in right hand and Victoria (Victory) on globe in left, resting left foot on recumbent captive; A-R in field; COMOB in exergue. RIC 2401; Lacam pl. 9, 16 (this coin) ; Depeyrot 24/1. Some faint signs of burnishing in the right obverse field. Portrait of unusually fine style and well struck. Exceedingly rare. Nearly Extremely Fine. . The brief, troubled reign of Marcus Maecilius Flavius Eparchius Avitus came against a backdrop of chaos, disintegration and intrigue in the dying West Roman Empire. Avitus was a Romano-Gallic nobleman of high standing who served as an envoy between the Roman Senate and the Visigoths who now ruled large swaths of Gaul and Spain. Upon the death of the usurper Petronius Maximus at Rome in AD 455, Avitus easily gained the support of the Visigothic king, Theodoric II, and was proclaimed emperor of the West at Arles in southern Gaul on July 9 or 10. An assembly of Gallo-Roman nobles ratified the elevation at Toulouse the following month, and the East Roman Emperor Marcian gave his approval in September. The aristocrats and common folk of Italy, however, viewed Avitus as a Gallic interloper and gave him a cool reception upon his arrival at Ravenna. Badly in need of military prestige, Avitus looked about for a capable general to lead his armies and found one in the Romanized barbarian Ricimer, who had won a naval battle against the Vandals off the coast of Corsica early in AD 456. But Ricimer had grand designs of his own. Appointed Master of Soldiers, he soon began intriguing with Majorian, the dashing Roman officer leading the army of Italy, to undermine Avitus' feeble regime. A severe famine in Italy only worsened the position of Avitus, whose Visigothic allies were now preoccupied with a war against the Suevi in Spain. Under pressure from the Italian bluebloods, Avitus dismissed his Gothic bodyguards and Gallic advisors, which only left him more vulnerable. The final coup d'etat came on October 17, AD 456, when Majorian and Ricimer withdrew their support and simply declared Avitus deposed. He fled Rome, hoping to make safe haven in Gaul, but was overtaken by Ricimer, forced to abdicate, and consecrated bishop of Piacenza (a common means of permanently removing someone from government service). He never lived to take up his clerical post, dying a few days or weeks later, either of natural causes or on Ricimer's orders. The exceedingly rare coinage of Avitus reflects his Gallic origins, as most of the coins in his name appear to have been struck at the newly reopened mint of Arelate (modern Arles), where he was first acclaimed emperor. Most of his coins are hastily and crudely engraved, but this piece is of remarkable style and has a portrait that may truly reflect his brooding, downcast countenance . Cf. Provenance: Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 62, lot 2126; Cuvreau-Parsy Auction, April 15, 2008, lot 166; Hess-Leu 22, 1963 lot 292. Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de Jove Mauro Cámara pro bono rei publicae. #Avitus #SPQR #RomanEmpire http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Vexillum Romanum Christianum Catholicum per XP+SPQR in Unione Florentina de Palaiologos https://www.zazzle.com/ProVaticanus In Christogramma habemus potentiam reunificationis, sic dicitur + : ἐν τούτῳ νίκα = In Hoc Signo Vinces Gratias ago tibi Deo per instrumenta de Jove Mauro Cámara pro bono rei publicae. #RomanEmpire #XP #SPQR http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Christi Missa Solemnis in Ecclesia Nostrae Dominae Parisiensis celebratur a Cardinale Suhard (1948) http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus For the first time, on Christmas Eve, a nationally televised Catholic-Mass broadcasting is reaching a few hundreds households across France, one year before the launching of weekly religious program Le Jour du Seigneur (1949). Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de Emmanuel S.R.E. Cardinale Suhard ad salutem animarum et pro bono rei publicaeNoël historique: La première messe télévisée en direct de Notre-Dame de Paris. Noël historique: La première messe télévisée en direct de Notre-Dame de Paris, Cf. IMBD: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8040692/ #NotreDame #Christmas #MidnightMass http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

Adeste Fideles per instrumenta musicalia ex opere Regis Joannis IV Portugalliæ http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus The Christmas carol "Adeste Fideles"—better known to most people as "O Come All Ye Faithful"—is one of the most beautifully written. Its precise origins are a mystery, but scholars say the song is at least 250 years old. Some have attributed the song to King John IV of Portugal (1604-1656), called "the musician-king," who composed a number of musical works during his reign and also compiled one of the world's largest musical libraries. Other historians say the English hymnist John Francis Wade (1711-1786) is the true author of this carol. The earliest versions of "Adeste Fideles" are all in Latin. The English-language version that most people today know was translated in 1841 by Frederick Oakeley, a British Catholic priest. Both versions have eight verses, though not all are found in the earliest published versions. Some verses, such as the final one, is sung traditionally only at Christmas Mass. "Adeste Fideles" Latin Lyrics 1. Adeste Fideles laeti triumphantes, Venite, venite in Bethlehem. Natum videte, Regem Angelorum; Refrain Venite adoremus, venite adoremus, venite adoremus Dominum! 2. Deum de Deo, lumen de lumine, gestant puellae viscera. Deum verum, genitum non factum; (refrain) 3. Cantet nunc io chorus Angelorum cantet nunc aula caelestium: Gloria in excelsis Deo! 4. Ergo qui natus, die hodierna, Jesu, tibi sit gloria. Patris aeterni Verbum caro factum; 5. En grege relicto, Humiles ad cunas, vocati pastores approperant. Et nos ovanti gradu festinemus; 6. Aeterni Parentis splendorem aeternum, velatum sub carne videbimus. Deum infantem, pannis involutum; 7. Pro nobis egenum et foeno cubantem, piis foveamus amplexibus. Sic nos anamtem quis non redamaret? 8. Stella duce, Magi, Christum adorantes, aurum, thus, et myrrham dant munera. Jesu infanti corda praebeamus; "Oh Come All Ye Faithful" English Lyrics 1. O come, all ye faithful, joyful and triumphant! O come ye, o come ye, to Bethlehem. Come and behold Him, born the King of angels; Refrain O come, let us adore Him, O come, let us adore Him, O come, let us adore Him, Christ the Lord! 2. God of God, Light of Light, Lo! He abhors not the Virgin’s womb. Very God, begotten not created; (refrain) 3. Sing, choirs of angels, sing in exultation! Sing, all ye citizens of heaven above: Glory to God, glory in the highest! 4. Yea, Lord, we greet Thee, born this happy morning, Jesu, to Thee be glory given. Word of the Father, now in flesh appearing; 5. See how the shepherds, summoned to His cradle, leaving their flocks, draw nigh to gaze. We too will thither bend our hearts’ oblations; 6. There shall we see Him, His eternal Father’s everlasting brightness now veiled under flesh. God shall we find there, a Babe in infant clothing; 7. Child, for us sinners, poor and in the manger, we would embrace Thee, with love and awe. Who would not love Thee, loving us so dearly? 8. Lo! Star-led chieftains, Magi, Christ adoring, offer Him frankincense, gold, and myrrh. We to the Christ-child, bring our hearts oblations; #AdesteFideles #ComeAllYeFaithful #XmasMusic http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus

THE FIRST NOEL (MARIO LANZA) http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus The First Noel the angels did say Was to certain poor shepherds In fields as they lay In fields where they lay keeping their sheep On a cold winter's night That was so deep Noel, Noel, Noel, Noel Born Is the King of Israel They looked up and saw a star Shining in the East beyond them far And to the earth it gave great light And so it continued both day and night This star drew nigh to the northwest O'er Bethlehem it took its rest And there it did both Pause and stay Right o'er the place where Jesus lay Noel, Noel, Noel, Noel Born is the King of Israel Then entered in those Wise men three Full reverently upon their knee And offered there in His presence Their gold and myrrh and frankincense. Noel, Noel, Noel, Noel Born is the King of Israel. #Noel #MarioLanza #ChristmasMusic Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de Mario Lanza pro bono rei publicae ex archive.org, cf. https://archive.org/details/readers-digest-a-glorious-christmas http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus

Roma 312 A.D. ex panorama per eventa XP+SPQR Triumphalis Gloriosi Constantini Magni contra Maxentium http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Proelium pontis Milvii fuit pugna Constantini I contra Maxentium die 28 Octobris 312 gesta. Nomen venit e ponte Milvio, huius proelii loco. Maxentio submersu Tibere, Constantinus vicit, tetrarchiamque finivit. Qui, ut ferunt historici, signum crucis, alio versione graeces chi ro ('XP') vidit cum nuntio "In hoc signo vinces". Romam ingressus Constantinus factus erat solus imperator imperii romani libertatem dedit Christianis et religio eius favorabilis in imperio facta est. Eusebius Caesariensis refert visionem Constantinum eorumque Dei Christiani victoriam promittentem si in scuta signum Chi-Rho oblinere, litterae primae nominis christi graece. Arcus Constantini in celebratione victoriae erectus est. Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de Handel ex opere "Xerxes" Largo pro bono rei publicae. #Roma #OmbraMaiFui #ConstantineTheGreat http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus http://zazzle.com/ProVaticanus Proelium pontis Milvii fuit pugna Constantini I contra Maxentium die 28 Octobris 312 gesta. Nomen venit e ponte Milvio, huius proelii loco. Maxentio submersu Tibere, Constantinus vicit, tetrarchiamque finivit. Qui, ut ferunt historici, signum crucis, alio versione graeces chi ro ('XP') vidit cum nuntio "In hoc signo vinces". Romam ingressus Constantinus factus erat solus imperator imperii romani libertatem dedit Christianis et religio eius favorabilis in imperio facta est. Eusebius Caesariensis refert visionem Constantinum eorumque Dei Christiani victoriam promittentem si in scuta signum Chi-Rho oblinere, litterae primae nominis christi graece. Arcus Constantini in celebratione victoriae erectus est. Ago tibi gratias Deo per instrumenta de Handel ex opere "Xerxes" Largo pro bono rei publicae. #Roma #OmbraMaiFui #ConstantineTheGreat http://patreon.com/ProVaticanus