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Female reproductive system is composed of five major elements. The vagina. Uterine cervix. The uterus. Two fallopian tubes. And the two ovaries. Adenomyosis, is a condition that affects the uterus. The uterus contains 3 distinctive layers. The innermost epithelial layer is called the endometrium. The middle layer, which is composed of smooth muscle cells, is called the myometrium. And the outermost layer is called the perimetrium, also known as the serosa. Adenomyosis is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue in the myometrium of the uterus, surrounded by reactive smooth muscle hyperplasia. This picture shows a normal uterus in the left side, and a uterus with adenomyosis in the right side. Adenomyosis can be diffuse & scattered, or it could be focal, occupying only a smaller area of the uterus. Women with adenomyosis are usually multiparous and may recall a history of previous gynecological surgery. And they are usually diagnosed between 30 to 50 years of age. #adenomyosis #medtoday adenomyosis osmosis,adenomyosis,adenomyosis causes,adenomyosis treatment,adenomyosis surgery,adenomyosis signs and symptoms,adenomyosis treatment without surgery,adenomyosis vs endometriosis,adenomyosis ultrasound,what is adenomyosis,adenomyosis symptoms

Glutathione is a tripeptide made up of three amino acids, glycine, cysteine, and glutamic acid. It is produced by the liver and involved in many essential processes in the body. The biggest health benefits of glutathione are the result of its antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress, which occurs when the balance of free radicals and antioxidants twists in favor of free radicals, can result in cell damage. Research shows this process is linked to cancer, autoimmune disorders, cataracts, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and accelerated aging itself. Free radicals have unpaired electrons in their outermost orbit, making them highly unstable and reactive. Free radicals are capable of exchanging electrons with surrounding tissue, either by accepting or donating. This will lead to damage to the components of surrounding tissues, including DNA, proteins, and membrane lipids. The presence of glutathione helps guard against oxidative stress. Our cells usually make up adequate amounts of glutathione to neutralize these free radicals. However, as a person ages, this ability to produce glutathione by the cells reduces, resulting in excessive accumulation of free radicals, with an increased risk of the diseases mentioned earlier. Therefore, it is certain that glutathione intake by either supplements or diet is necessary to prevent the activity of free radicals. So, in this video I’m going to discuss about five foods that are proven to increase the glutathione levels in our body. 1. Cruciferous vegetables. 2. Vitamin C rich foods. 3. Foods that are rich in selenium. 4. Foods that are naturally rich in glutathione. 5. Milk thistle. #foodstoboostglutathione #medtoday how to increase glutathione,how to increase glutathione in body naturally,how to increase glutathione level in body naturally,glutathione rich foods,sources of glutathione,what does glutathione do to your skin,is glutathione good for skin whitening,glutathione supplements,glutathione benefits,glutathione rich foods for skin whitening,list of glutathione-rich foods,glutathione supplement,glutathione side effects,glutathione whitening,glutathione for skin

Uterine fibroids are benign tumors arising from the uterine smooth muscle cells. They are highly prevalent, occurring in approximately 40% of women worldwide, and are one of the most common causes of heavy menstrual bleeding. According to their location in relation to the myometrium, they can be classified as submucosal, intramural, and subserosal fibroids. In this video I will be specifically discussing about the treatment of fibroids. My previous video on fibroids :- https://youtu.be/DMGuOGrRHYU #medtoday #fibroids treatment fibroids treatment,fibroids meaning,fibroids pregnancy,types of fibroids,fibroids causes,fibroids surgery,best treatment for fibroids,fibroids,fibroids in uterus treatment,fibroids symptoms,fibroids and pregnancy,fibroids signs and symptoms,what are fibroids,what is a fibroid,uterine artery embolization treatment,fibroid embolization treatment

This is the part 01 video of my series of surgical instruments. In this video, I will discuss about common instruments used in surgical practice. Specifically, scissors & retractors. In the next video I will discuss about several other types of instruments. You can download this presentation via the following link. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1e1Aw... #basicsurgicalinstruments #medtoday surgical instruments,general surgical instruments,basic surgical instruments,surgical instrument names,surgical instruments names pictures and uses in english,surgical instruments uses,general surgery instrument,orthopedic instruments,gynecology instruments,42 basic surgical instruments with names and their uses,surgical instruments names and uses,general surgery instruments names and uses

Mifepristone, is a progesterone and glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, given along with misoprostol, for medically induced termination of pregnancy within the first 10 weeks of gestation. In addition, it is also indicated for the treatment of hyperglycemia in patients with Cushing syndrome. Off label uses of mifepristone include, post coital emergency contraception. Induction of cervical maturation. And as an adjunct therapy for uterine fibroids. Progesterone is one of the 2 major sex hormones in females, and it plays a major role in early pregnancy. It is secreted in large amounts by the corpus luteum of the ovary during the early weeks of gestation. It is responsible for preparing and maintaining the uterine endometrium for implantation. In addition, it suppresses the maternal immunologic response against fetal antigens, which prevents maternal rejection of the embryo. It also inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the body. Prostaglandin promotes contraction of uterine smooth muscles, which may lead to expulsion of the fetus during early pregnancy. Finally, progesterone is also important in the development of maternal breast tissue. Antagonism of progesterone receptors by mifepristone leads to decreased action of progesterone on the uterine endometrium, and leads to unopposed prostaglandin synthesis. Decreased progesterone action leads to necrosis and shedding of the decidual endometrium, which makes it unfavorable for the implantation. Unopposed prostaglandin synthesis leads to increased contractions of the uterine smooth muscle cells, which also makes the implantation difficult. Mifepristone is taken per orally. It is available as 200 and 300mg tablets. For pregnancy termination, a 200mg single dose is recommended. For the treatment of hyperglycemia in Cushing syndrome, the initial dose should be 300mg once daily with meals, and the dose can be increased subsequently up to 1200mg per day. For emergency contraception, a 600mg single dose is recommended within 72 hours of unprotected sexual intercourse. Serious adverse effects of mifepristone include, anaphylaxis. Toxic epidermal necrolysis. And angioedema. Moderate adverse effects include, hypokalemia. Peripheral edema. Hypertension. Hypoglycemia. Constipation. And vaginal bleeding. Mild side effects include, nausea and vomiting. Abdominal pain. Fatigue. Headache. Dizziness. And menstrual irregularities. #mifepristone #misoprostol #medtoday medical abortion,abortion pill,medication abortion,mifepristone,mifepristone and misoprostol,misoprostol abortion,abortion pill dose

Hypertension affects over a billion people around the world. And it is a major risk factor for heart disease, and stroke. Anti hypertensive medications are used to treat high blood pressure. Certain anti hypertensives act on the renin angiotensin aldosterone system, or RAAS, to decrease peripheral vasoconstriction, and to inhibit water reabsorption from the kidneys. Two major classes of drugs in this group are, ACE inhibitors, which include enalapril, captopril, and lisinopril. And Angiotensin receptor blockers, or ARBs, which include losartan, valsartan, and candesartan. #antihypertensivedrugs #medtoday ace inhibitors,renin angiotensin aldosterone system,antihypertensive drugs,classification of antihypertensive drugs,antihypertensive drugs pharmacology,antihypertensive drugs classification,hypertension pharmacology,centrally acting,hypertension drugs,antihypertensives,cardiovascular pharmacology,drugs for hypertension,antihypertensives classification,renin inhibitors,hypertension,hypertension treatment,hypertension pathophysiology

Gastritis is simply the inflammation in the mucosal lining of the stomach. It has a wide range of spectrum, varying from a simple inflammation to a life-threatening gastric ulcer, complicated with perforation. Gastritis can be divided broadly into acute gastritis, and chronic gastritis. One of the most common causes of acute gastritis is drugs, especially non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. In addition, alcohol consumption, infection with helicobacter pylori bacteria, radiation, allergy and food poisoning, abdominal trauma, and burns can also cause acute gastritis. Most common causes of chronic gastritis include, helicobacter pylori infection, long term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, autoimmune gastritis, and chronic bile reflux. Common symptoms of gastritis include, heartburn, indigestion, nausea and vomiting, and abdominal fullness. Eating certain foods while avoiding others can help individuals manage their gastritis symptoms. The main goal of a gastritis diet is to relieve symptom flare ups and prevent the condition from worsening. People who follow a gastritis diet often have reduced inflammation in the gastric mucosa. In a gastritis diet, it is recommended to avoid foods and beverages that commonly cause gastric irritation. You can include following foods to your diet safely if you have gastritis. Eggs, without frying. Honey. Low acid vegetables such as cucumber, white potatoes, carrots, and broccoli. Beans and legumes. Seafood and shellfish, without frying. Oats and barley. Low salt cheese. Low sugar and low acid fruits such as blueberries, strawberries, and apples. Plain, low fat yoghurt. Probiotic rich foods such as sauerkraut, kimchi, and kombucha. Brown rice. Skinless, lean poultry including chicken and turkey. Whole grain bread and pasta. Peppermint, ginger, and turmeric. Foods and beverages you should avoid when you have gastritis include the following. Alcohol. Acidic fruits such as citrus. Acidic vegetables such as onions. Chocolate. Coffee. Corn and its products. Fatty foods, fast foods, and spicy foods. Energy drinks. Red meat. Processed meats such as sausages and hotdogs. Potato chips and other packaged snacks. Carbonated beverages. Marinades, salsa, mayonnaise, and other sauces. Fried eggs. Smoked meats. Refined grains. Baked goods and pasta made with refined flour. Spices such as black pepper, mustard, red peppers, and chili powder. And tomatoes. In addition to eating and avoiding above mentioned foods, other lifestyle modifications will also help reduce the symptoms of gastritis. Some of them include the following. Drinking a plenty of water. Quitting smoking. Reducing psychological stress. And maintaining a good hygiene. Finally, it is important to keep in mind that gastritis diet alone may not be able to alleviate the symptoms of gastritis, especially when it is more severely affecting the gastric mucosa. In such situations, patients require medications to reduce gastritis, and at the same time, the underlying cause must be corrected. #gastritisdiet #medtoday how to cure gastritis permanently,anti inflammatory diet for gastritis,7 day meal plan for gastritis,gastritis diet plan nhs,is yogurt good for gastritis,gastritis diet pdf,gastritis foods to avoid,snacks for gastritis,how to eliminate gastritis,gastritis,gastritis home remedies treatment,gastritis symptoms,gastritis treatment

Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. While there are several causes for heart disease, one of the most common is abnormal lipid levels in blood, also known as hyperlipidemia. Cholesterol is the major molecule associated with hyperlipidemia. It is an essential component in animals and has many important functions. However, abnormalities in cholesterol metabolism can result in abnormal accumulation of harmful types of cholesterol in blood, especially the one called Low Density lipoproteins, or LDL cholesterol. Blood cholesterol levels are significantly affected by the diet. Therefore, the initial step in managing blood cholesterol level is dietary modification. So, in this video we are going to look at 7 foods that help you reduce blood cholesterol levels. Foodstolowercholesterol #medtoday clogged arteries,heart attack,clean your arteries,unclog arteries,foods to reduce cholesterol,unclog arteries with food,Bestie,Bestie Health,Food,Health,cholesterol,how to lower cholesterol,heart disease,high cholesterol,cholesterol lowering foods,heart health,bad cholesterol,foods that lower cholesterol,lower cholesterol,reduce cholesterol,how to reduce cholesterol,ldl cholesterol,cholesterol diet,how to lower cholesterol naturally

Hypertension affects over a billion people around the world. And it is a major risk factor for heart disease, and stroke. Losartan is a medication that is used primarily in the treatment of hypertension. It belongs to the class of angiotensin receptor blocker drugs, which also includes valsartan; and candesartan. In addition to hypertension, losartan is used to treat heart failure. And diabetic nephropathy. One major adverse effect of losartan is hyperkalemia. Therefore, people who are taking losartan should follow a low potassium diet. Other side effects of losartan include the following. Renal insufficiency. Angioedema. Gastrointestinal disturbances such as constipation, nausea, and vomiting. Hematological problems such as anemia. Central nervous system problems such as headache and dizziness. Skin manifestations such as rash and photosensitivity. Musculoskeletal problems such as muscle and joint pain. And edema. Finally, losartan is contraindicated in pregnancy. Other contraindication is losartan hypersensitivity. And it should not be used in combination with Aliskiren in patients with diabetes. #losartansideeffects #medtoday losartan side effects,losartan dosage,losartan potassium,losartan,losartan cause cancer,what is losartan used for,cozaar side effects,cozaar 50 mg,losartan for high blood pressure,losartan 50 mg,losartan 25 mg,losartan 100 mg,cozaar 25 mg,blood pressure,losartan review,losartan potassium 50 mg,high blood pressure,losartan recall

Acute pancreatitis is a relatively common condition, which is characterized by reversible pancreatic parenchymal injury, associated with inflammation. It can return to normal after resolution of the episode. However, the disease ranges from a mild, self-limiting illness, to a severe, life threatening condition. In this video, I will discuss about the major causes of acute pancreatitis. Gallstones, and alcohol account for the majority of cases of acute pancreatitis. Some people develop acute pancreatitis following an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, a procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions in the biliary tree. About 10% of acute pancreatitis cases are idiopathic, meaning that there is no identifiable cause. Other less common causes for acute pancreatitis include abdominal trauma. Viral infections, especially with mumps, HIV, Adenovirus, And coxsackie B virus. Congenital pancreatic abnormalities such as pancreas divisum. Pancreatic tumors. Metabolic abnormalities such as hypercalcemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. Venom, including scorpion sting and spider. Certain medications can also cause acute pancreatitis. Some of them include the following. Azathioprine and mercaptopurine. Didanosine. Estrogens. Antibiotics such as tetracycline. Valproic acid. Furosemide. Sulfonamides. Amino salicylates. Corticosteroids. Metronidazole. And ACE inhibitors. #acutepancreatitis #medtoday pancreatitis,chronic pancreatitis,acute pancreatitis,pancreatitis symptoms,pancreatitis nursing,pancreatitis treatment,pancreatitis diet,pancreatitis pain,pancreatitis pathophysiology,pancreatitis registered nurse rn,acute pancreatitis nursing,acute pancreatitis pathophysiology,acute pancreatitis symptoms,acute pancreatitis treatment,acute pancreatitis lecture,chronic pancreatitis nursing,chronic pancreatitis symptoms,chronic pancreatitis lecture

Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog, which is FDA approved only for the treatment and prevention of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced gastric ulcers. However, it is used in combination with mifepristone for medically induced termination of pregnancy worldwide. Clinicians also use it for the expectant management of missed and incomplete miscarriages. At much smaller doses, it induces cervical ripening, and can be used to induce labor in full term pregnancies. It is also useful in the treatment of postpartum uterine bleeding. Prostaglandin has several important functions in our body. It secretes protective mucus in the stomach, and reduces acid induced damage to the gastric mucosa. It also enhances uterine contractions, especially during labor. And it reduces gastric acid secretion by the stomach. Following administration, misoprostol binds to the prostaglandin receptors on gastric parietal cells, and increases the secretion of prostaglandins, which leads to reduced gastric acid secretion. Increased mucus and bicarbonate secretion. And increased mucosal blood flow, all of which reduce the acid induced damage to the gastric mucosa. In the uterus, it binds to prostaglandin receptors of uterine smooth muscle cells, and induces uterine contractions, which is responsible for its abortifacient properties. It also causes cervical dilation by promoting degradation of collagen and increasing the cervical tone. Misoprostol is taken per orally. It is best to take the drug at night, to reduce gastric disturbances. And it should not be taken with magnesium containing antacids, as it may cause misoprostol induced diarrhea. Misoprostol is usually a safe, and well tolerated drug by most individuals. Mild side effects include, gastrointestinal disturbances such as abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea. Hyperthermia and chills. Headache. Breakthrough bleeding. Menstrual irregularities. Lethargy. And vertigo. Moderate to severe side effects are very rare and can include hypotension. Sinus tachycardia. Vaginal bleeding. Uterine rupture and cervical laceration. Thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. And anaphylaxis. Finally, misoprostol is contraindicated in any person who has a hypersensitivity to it. Other contraindications include normal pregnancy. And previous cesarean section, as misoprostol can increase the risk of uterine rupture. #selfabortion #misoprostol #medtoday abortion pill,misoprostol side effects,medication abortion,abortion pill experience story,abortion pills names and pictures,abortion pill experience story time,misoprostol vaginal side effects,misoprostol vaginally,misoprostol for missed abortion,mifepristone and misoprostol,misoprostol mechanism of action,misoprostol,misoprostol 200 mcg tablet uses,misoprostol how to use

Local anesthetics are medications used to block pain sensation in a specific part of the body, in order to perform small surgical procedures. There are 2 classes of local anesthetics; esters; and amides. Both of these types block the sodium channels in the peripheral nerves, and inhibit the conduction of action potentials across nerve fibers. Thus, they inhibit the perception of pain by the brain. Pain is sensed by receptors called free nerve endings, which are the first order neurons in the pain pathway. These neurons can be stimulated in several ways. By mechanical stimulation; thermal stimulation, such as heat and cold; chemical stimulation by molecules, like bradykinin and histamine. These stimuli trigger the opening of transient receptor potential channels on the membrane of free nerve endings. This allows sodium and other cations to flow into the cell, causing dee polarization. This will result in opening of the nearby voltage gated sodium channels, setting off the positive membrane potential that continues down the entire length of the axon. Local anesthetics bind to the voltage gated sodium channels intra cellularly in their inactivated state. By binding, they prolong the inactivation state of the channel, which prevents propagation of the action potentials. Local anesthetics have a greater effect on small and myelinated nerve fibers. At larger doses, they can block temperature, touch, and pressure sensation as well. #localanesthetics #medtoday anesthetics,anesthetics pharmacology,anesthesia pharmacology,local anesthesia pharmacology,local anesthetics,anaesthesia lectures,local anesthesia,general pharmacology,anesthesia,pharmacology,minor surgery kit,lidocaine,lignocaine,cocaine,types of local anesthetics,local anesthetics examples,local anesthetics side effects,local anesthetics classification

In this video, we are going to talk about the best fat burner supplements available for men and women. That will help you to lose fat, quickly and safely, without any unwanted side-effects. fat burning pills that actually work,best fat burner for belly fat,best fat burner for belly fat for female,best natural supplements to lose belly fat,best fat burner for women 2022,fat burning supplements for women,best fat burner for beginners,fat burning supplements,best weight loss pill 2021,best weight loss pill,weight loss pills 2021,weight loss pills,how to lose belly fat,lose belly fat,weight loss,fat burner,lose weight,fat burner drink

Levonorgestrel, also known as the morning after pill, is the first line emergency contraceptive pill to prevent pregnancy. It is available as an over the counter medication at local pharmacies. It is also available as a combined oral contraceptive pill with estradiol as a long term option for birth control. There is also a levonorgestrel releasing intra uterine device, to prevent pregnancy as a long term option. Off label uses include, treatment of endometrial hyperplasia, heavy menstrual bleeding, endometriosis, and menopausal hormone therapy. Levonorgestrel is a second generation synthetic progesterone, that binds to progesterone and androgen receptors, and inhibits the release of GNRH hormone from the hypothalamus. This will suppress the normal physiological LH hormone surge, which is required for the rupture of the follicle and release of the ovum. So, this will result in the inhibition of ovulation. It has been proven to be more effective when administered before ovulation. For emergency contraception, the recommended dose of levonorgestrel is 1.5 mg oral tablet, taken within 72 hours following unprotected sexual intercourse. Adverse effects are minimal, and may include menstrual abnormalities. Nausea and vomiting. And headache. It is important to note that this is not a viable long term option for contraception. And it does not prevent people from getting sexually transmitted infections. #emergencycontraceptivepill #levonorgestrel #medtoday emergency contraception,birth control,morning after pill,plan b,emergency contraception side effects,can paracetamol be used for emergency contraception,emergency contraception ppt,how does emergency contraception work,emergency contraception slideshare,emergency contraception effectiveness

Morphine is a very potent opioid analgesic, that is mainly used in the treatment of severe acute and chronic pain. It binds to opioid receptors in the pain pathway and alters the response to pain. Morphine can be administered into the body via several routes. These include oral route. Intravenous. Subcutaneous. Rectal. Intrathecal; and epidural. Major indications of morphine include the following. To relieve pain in acute myocardial infarctions. To alleviate post operative pain. As an analgesic during surgery. To relieve cancer pain. To relieve pain in trauma. And any other acute or chronic painful condition. Major adverse effects of morphine include the following. Respiratory depression, which slows down the respiratory rate. Sedation, which increases the risk of aspiration, especially in the post operative period. Suppression of the cough reflex, which increases the risk of aspiration. Nausea and vomiting. Constipation. Tolerance and dependence, which may lead to addiction. And miosis. #morphine #medtoday morphine mechanism of action,mechanism of action,medical mnemonics,morphine,morphine side effects,opioids,opiate analgesics,synthetic opioids,endogenous morphine,morphine uses,morphine indications

Psychological stress is a major problem among a significant proportion of the population. Most of the time, it is precipitated by a negative life event that causes a major impact on an individual’s life. Uncontrolled, prolonged psychological stress will severely impair a person’s day to day activities, relationships, and health. Therefore, it is extremely important to recognize stress, and consider stress reduction methods to improve the quality of life of an individual. So, in this video we are going to look at some helpful stress reduction methods that may actually work. #howtoreducestress #medtoday how to reduce stress,stress,stress relief,how to relieve stress quickly,how to relieve stress and anxiety,how to relieve stress for students,how to relieve stress for a man,how to relieve stress for a woman,how to relieve stress quickly at home,how to relieve stress and depression,how to reduce stress and tension

Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic agent, that is mainly used as an induction agent during general anesthesia. It is prepared in a lipid emulsion, which gives its characteristic milky appearance, hence the name milk of amnesia. Propofol formula contains soybean oil; glycerol; egg lecithin; and a small amount of EDTA. The main indication of propofol is in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. In addition, it is used for sedation during monitored anesthetic care for patients undergoing procedures, And for sedation in intubated and mechanically ventilated ICU patients. Off label uses of propofol include, treatment of refractory status epilepticus, and refractory post operative nausea and vomiting. #propofol #medtoday propofol sedation,propofol anesthesia,medical school,how do they wake you up from propofol,propofol side effects,propofol mechanism of action,propofol uses,propofol drug class

Scurvy is a state of dietary deficiency of vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid. Humans lack the ability to synthesize vitamin C within the body. Therefore, they depend on exogenous dietary sources to fulfill their vitamin C requirements. Although scurvy is uncommon, it still occurs and can affects children and adults who have chronic vitamin C deficiency. The total body pool of vitamin C is around 1500 mg, with higher concentrations found in glandular tissue, and lowest in muscle & fat tissue. Vitamin C is metabolized by the liver via glucuronidation and sulphation. Excess amounts in the body are excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Scurvy occurs when vitamin C has been eliminated from the diet for at least 3 months and when the body pool of vitamin C falls below 350 mg. #scurvy #medtoday vitamin c,vitamin c deficiency,scurvy,scurvy symptoms,scurvy disease,what is scurvy,vitamin c deficiency symptoms,vitamin c physiology,vitamin c deficiency lesson,ascorbic acid deficiency,scurvy condition,scurvy lesson,vitamin c deficiency skin,vitamin c deficiency scurvy,vitamin c deficiency teeth,scurvy and heart disease,vitamin c deficiency usmle,jj medicine

Low blood sugar, also known as hypoglycemia, is a clinical situation characterized by a reduced blood glucose level, which may lead to a multitude of signs and symptoms. Normal fasting blood glucose level is between 70 to 100 milligrams per deciliter. The precise glucose level at which an individual with hypoglycemia becomes symptomatic is highly variable, although a plasma glucose level below 50 milligrams per deciliter is considered to be the threshold. Nevertheless, hypoglycemia is extremely fatal, and may lead to death within a matter of time. Causes of hypoglycemia are varied. However, it is seen most often in diabetic patients. Major causes of hypoglycemia include the following. Medication overdose, especially anti diabetic medications such as insulin. Infections. Alcohol intake. Dietary changes that restrict glucose intake. Metabolic changes. Activity changes. Prolonged fasting. Insulin secreting tumors such as insulinomas. Gastrointestinal problems. Bariatric surgery. And liver disease. In some cases though, there is no identifiable cause for hypoglycemia. Following are the most common signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Altered mental status. Headache. Anxiety. Nausea and vomiting. Fatigue. Sweating. Increased heart rate. Extreme hunger. Dizziness. Decreased ability to concentrate. And blurred vision. #hypoglycemia #medtoday low blood sugar,hypoglycemia,hypoglycemia symptoms,hypoglycemic attack,low blood glucose,low blood glucose level,low blood glucose symptoms,what is the best thing to eat when your blood sugar is low,low blood sugar symptoms without diabetes,low blood sugar range,low blood sugar level,low blood sugar diabetes,symptoms of low and high blood sugar,best candy for low blood sugar,symptoms of low blood sugar

Prostate is a walnut sized gland, located between the bladder and the penis of men, anterior to the rectum. It wraps around the urethra and covers it circumferentially. It secretes an alkaline fluid, which makes up 30% of the total volume of semen. This fluid contains calcium, citrate, phosphate, clotting enzymes, and pro fibrinolysin. This fluid provides nutrition to sperms; neutralizes the acidity in the seminal fluid and the vagina; provides lubrication; and helps form a weak fibrin coagulum that holds the semen in the deeper regions of the vagina, enhancing the potential of fertilization. Three major diseases that affect the prostate are, prostatitis, Benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer. #prostatecancer #prostatehealth #bph #prostatitis #medtoday prostate cancer,prostate cancer symptoms,prostate cancer signs,Prostate enlargement,Prostate enlargement symptoms,Enlarged Prostate,Enlarged Prostate symptoms,Enlarged Prostate signs and symptoms,Prostate cancer signs and symptoms,Signs and symptoms of enlarged prostate,Benign prostatic hyperplasia signs and symptoms,Benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms,BPH signs and symptoms,BPH symptoms,prostate urination,prostate urinary hesitancy,intermittent urine stream Playlist unggulan

Genital warts are an epidermal manifestation of a sexually transmitted infection, caused by the epidermotropic human papilloma virus. Risk factors for getting genital warts include, having multiple sex partners. Smoking. Use of oral contraceptive pills. And sexual intercourse at a very young age. Human papilloma virus is a double stranded DNA virus, which has more than 100 different types. Out of these, about 35 types have the affinity to genital sites. There are two categories of genital HPV exist: the low-risk benign type. And the high-risk neoplastic type. Low risk types 6 and 11 are responsible for most genital warts, accounting for more than 90% of cases. Warts caused by these strains are least likely to be transformed into malignancy. Frequently affected sites include penis. Vulva and the vagina. Uterine cervix. Perineum. And peri anal region. Occasionally, oropharynx; larynx; and trachea can be affected due to oral sex. The disease is primarily transmitted via sexual intercourse. However, less frequently, it can be transmitted by direct contact, and indirect contact through fomites. They appear as multiple, painless bumps, often associated with pruritis and discharge. In most cases, more than one area is involved. In addition, there may be features of other co existent sexually transmitted infections. Rarely, urethral bleeding may occur due to obstruction of the urethral meatus. Peri anal lesions may be seen in individuals who have anal sex. Complications of genital warts include local disfigurement. Transformation into genitourinary malignancies. Transmission to the child during delivery. And recurrence. If left untreated, three things can happen. They may resolve spontaneously. Or progress into larger lesions with an increase in their number. Or remain unchanged. Major treatment options include the following. Cryotherapy, where liquid nitrogen is sprayed to ablate the lesions. Electrodessication and curettage. Surgical excision of the lesions, which has the highest success rate and lowest recurrence rate. Carbon dioxide laser treatment, which requires local, regional, or general anesthesia. And infrared coagulation, which causes tissue coagulation and necrosis. Medical therapy includes acid applications. Interferon injections. And medications for house use, including imiquimod cream, podofilox gel or solution, and anti-proliferative agents such as 5 fluorouracil. #genitalwarts #medtoday genital warts,hpv,human papilloma virus,Signs of genital warts,How to cure genital warts,How to get rid of warts on face home remedies,How to get rid of hpv warts,Genital wart (symptom),Genital warts treatments,How to remove genital warts,Get rid of warts,Genital wart removal,Sex education:hpv,Human papilloma virus,Sexually transmitted disease,Sexually,Sexual health,Genital warts,warts,warts treatment at home

Mouth ulcers, also known as aphthous stomatitis, or canker sores, is a common, ulcerative inflammatory condition of the oral cavity, that typically starts in childhood or adolescence. Most of these ulcers usually resolve without any medical intervention. However, recurrent ulceration will cause persistent pain and discomfort, which will impair the quality of life. So, in this video we are going to look at some common causes of mouth ulcers. Although the exact cause of mouth ulcers is not clearly understood, several factors have found to increase their incidence. Psychological stress is one of those factors. This can be explained by the frequent occurrence of mouth ulcers during exam times. Trauma is another cause for mouth ulcers. Biting of the mucosa, and wearing dental appliances such as braces can damage oral mucosa and cause ulcers. Cessation of smoking has also been associated with precipitation or exacerbation of mouth ulcers. Hormonal changes in women also increase the risk of mouth ulcers. This is due to the high progesterone levels during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. And, these ulcers will temporarily regress during pregnancy. Sensitivity to certain foods, including acidic foods such as strawberries, citrus fruits, and pineapples, tomatoes, mushrooms, and coffee, will also increase the occurrence of mouth ulcers. Hematinic deficiencies, such as iron deficiency, folate, and vitamin B12 deficiency, will also increase the risk of mouth ulcers. Other causes include, malabsorption in gastro intestinal disorders such as celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, pernicious anemia, and dermatitis herpetiformis. Immune deficiencies, including immunosuppressive therapy, HIV AIDS, and neutropenia. Certain medications, including non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, alendronate, nicorandil, and anti viral agents such as acyclovir. Using toothpastes and mouth wash containing sodium lauryl sulphate. And finally, certain infections, including hand foot and mouth disease. #cankersores #medtoday mouth ulcer,mouth ulcer treatment,mouth ulcers,canker sore,canker sores,how to cure mouth ulcers fast naturally,mouth ulcers treatment,what causes mouth ulcers,how to get rid of mouth ulcers fast,foods that cause mouth ulcers,what causes mouth ulcers on gums,mouth ulcer symptoms

Glucose tolerance test is used to evaluate the ability to regulate glucose metabolism and is indicated when the random or fasting blood glucose testing alone is not sufficient to establish or rule out the diagnosis of diabetes. Plasma glucose levels reflect a combination of carbohydrate uptake from the gastrointestinal tract, glucose output from the liver, and glucose uptake from the peripheral tissues. Glucose tolerance test is indicated when the serum glucose level alone is not sufficient to establish or exclude the diagnosis of diabetes. In addition, it is used to screen for gestational diabetes at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation in all pregnant women with no history of diabetes, to screen for diabetes mellitus at 6 to 12 weeks post-partum in women with a history of gestational diabetes, and to screen for impaired glucose tolerance, which is associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus. For 3 days preceding the test, person should have a diet containing approximately 150 carbohydrates daily. Before the test, person should fast overnight for a minimum of 8 hours and a maximum of 16 hours. The test is usually performed in the morning and should be seated throughout the test. Baseline fasting glucose is measured before the test. The person is given a 75g oral glucose load. Very rarely, it may e given intravenously. In the standard test, plasma glucose level is measured after 2 hours of glucose load. However, in gestational diabetes, additional measurement is taken after one hour of the glucose load. Cut of values for type 2 diabetes include the following. Blood glucose level less than 140 mg per deciliter is considered normal. Blood glucose level between 140 to 199 mg per deciliter is considered prediabetes. And blood glucose level more than 200 mg per deciliter is considered to be having diabetes. A diagnosis of gestational diabetes can be made if one of the following criteria are made. Blood glucose level equal to or more than 180 mg per deciliter after one hour following the oral glucose load, or blood glucose level equal to or more than 153 mg per deciliter after 2 hours following the oral glucose load. #gtt #ogtt #medtoday ogtt test,ogtt test in pregnancy,oral glucose tolerance test,ogtt test for pregnancy,ogtt in pregnancy,test ogtt,ogtt procedure,ogtt normal range,ogtt test procedure in pregnancy,ogtt normal range in pregnancy,75 gram glucose tolerance test pregnancy,ogtt test price

Cirrhosis is a condition characterized by diffuse fibrosis of the liver, and conversion of the normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules, resulting in impaired liver function, and associated complications. #cirrhosis #medtoday hepatic disease,liver disease,hepatic disease symptoms,hepatic disease clinical signs,liver disease symptoms,liver disease signs,signs and symptoms of liver disease,liver disease signs and symptoms,hepatitis symptoms,cirrhosis symptoms,liver disease and gynecomastia,stigmata of chronic liver disease,chronic liver disease,liver cirrhosis clinic,complications of cirrhosis,signs of cirrhosis skin,liver cirrhosis pain,liver cirrhosis,cirrhosis

Testosterone is the primary sex hormone in males. It is a steroid hormone, secreted by the Leydig cells of male testis. The precursor molecule for testosterone synthesis is cholesterol. Testosterone has many important functions in the body, including the following. Development of male genital organs during fetal life. Descent of testis during the final months of gestation. Enlargement of male genital organs after puberty. Development of secondary sexual characteristics, including male pattern distribution of body hair. Deepened voice. Increased muscle and bone mass. And narrowing and strengthening of pelvis for weight bearing. Other functions of testosterone include, increased basal metabolic rate. Increased red blood cells. Increased sex drive, also known as libido. And increased blood volume. Features of low testosterone include the following. Reduced sex drive. Erectile dysfunction. Fatigue. Loss of muscle strength. Development of breast in males, also known as gynecomastia. Mild anemia. Increased body fat. Infertility. Osteoporosis. Decreased body hair. Decreased sense of wellbeing. Difficulty in concentration and memory problems. And depression. low testosterone levels,low testosterone causes,causes of low testosterone,scientific reasons for low testosterone,ways to increase testosterone levels,how to increase testosterone,how to increase testosterone levels,testosterone and health,testosterone and sleep,testosterone and medicine,testosterone and stress,stress decreases testosterone,bpa and testosterone,obesity and testosterone,diabetes and testosterone,alcohol and testosterone,testosterone zinc