Spanish 101 - Learn Spanish Stem Changing Verbs for Beginners - Spanish With Profe

In this video you will learn Spanish stem-changing verbs. We will focus only on the regular ones in this video.

The verbs discussed in the video are stem changing verbs in the following subject pronouns:
yo, tú, él, ella, usted, ellos, ellas, ustedes.

Why does Spanish have stem changing verbs? Well, in old Spanish via Latin there were more than five vowels which represented short and long sounds. In modern Spanish this is where you will find some verbs where the vowel will open up/change to one or two vowels when conjugating thus creating the stem change.
For example:
"o" goes to "ue" for yo, tú, él, ella, usted, ellos, ellas, ustedes.

"e" goes to "ie" for yo, tú, él, ella, usted, ellos, ellas, ustedes.

For most stem changing verbs ending in "-ir"
the "e" will go to "i" for yo, tú, él, ella, usted, ellos, ellas, ustedes.

Keep in mind that there is no stem change in nosotros/as or vosotros/as in the present tense.

Remember that verbs ending in -ar and -er/-ir do the following when you conjugate them in Spanish.
-ar= o, as, a, amos, an
https://youtu.be/f36SuBHqg1Y

-er/-ir= o, es, e, emos/imos, en
https://youtu.be/maCe6-3QY6U

In the examples listed below the stem change happens on the second syllable from right to left next to the ending (-ar & -er/-ir)

cerrar (to close)
e= ie
yo cierro (I close)
tú cierras (you close)
él, ella, usted cierra (he, she, you formal closes)
nosotros/as cerramos (we close)
ellos, ellas, ustedes cierran (they, you all close)

perder (to lose)
e=ie
yo pierdo (I lose)
tú pierdes (you lose)
él, ella, usted pierde (he, she, you formal loses)
nosotros/as perdemos (we lose)
ellos, ellas, ustedes pierden (they, you all lose)

dormir (to sleep)
o=ue
yo duermo (I sleep)
tú duermes (you sleep)
él, ella, usted duerme (he, she, you formal sleeps)
nosotros/as dormimos (we sleep)
ellos, ellas, ustedes duermen (they, you all sleep)

repetir (to repeat)
e=i
yo repito (I repeat)
tú repites (you repeat)
él, ella, usted repite (he, she, you formal repeats)
nosotros/as repetimos (we repeat)
ellos, ellas, ustedes repiten (they, you all repeat)

preferir (to prefer)
e=ie
yo prefiero (I prefer)
tú prefieres (you prefer)
él, ella, usted prefiere (he, she, you formal prefers)
nosotros/as preferimos (we prefer)
ellos, ellas, ustedes prefieren (they, you all prefer)

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