That Time The United States American Tested Biological Warfare On Its Own Citizens

So To My Fellow Stupid Americans You Are Right Now Let US Government Kill Thousand Americans Every Day. United States American Tested Biological Warfare On Its Own Citizens. We Are Going To Kill You The Legality Of Targeting And Killing U.S. Citizens Today. Biological and toxin weapons are either microorganisms like virus, bacteria or fungi, or toxic substances produced by living organisms that are produced and released deliberately to cause disease and death in humans, animals or plants.

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Biological agents like anthrax, botulinum toxin and plague can pose a difficult public health challenge causing large numbers of deaths in a short amount of time. Biological agents which are capable of secondary transmission can lead to epidemics. An attack involving a biological agent may mimic a natural event, which may complicate the public health assessment and response. In case of war and conflict, high-threat pathogens laboratories can be targeted, which might lead to serious public health consequences.

Biological weapons form a subset of a larger class of weapons sometimes referred to as unconventional weapons or weapons of mass destruction, which also includes chemical, nuclear and radiological weapons. The use of biological agents is a serious concern, and the risk of using these agents in a terrorist attack is thought to be increasing.

Epidemics of infectious diseases are occurring more often, and spreading faster and further than ever, in many different regions of the world. The background factors of this threat are biological, environmental and lifestyle changes, among others. A potentially fatal combination of newly-discovered diseases, and the re-emergence of many long-established ones, demands urgent responses in all countries. Planning and preparation for epidemic prevention and control are essential. The purpose of this “Managing epidemics” manual is to provide expert guidance on those responses. Although this publication is open to a wide readership, it is primarily intended to help the World Health Organization (WHO) country representatives (WRs) to respond effectively and rapidly at the very start of an outbreak. The manual provides concise and basic up-to-date knowledge with which WRs can advise Ministries of Health in all countries. Specifically, it examines and explains in detail a total of 15 different infectious diseases and the necessary responses to each and every one of them. These diseases have been selected because they represent potential international threats for which immediate responses are critical. Nearly all of them are subject to WHO’s International Health Regulations (2005) monitoring, and are part of the Global Health Security Agenda. Perhaps the greatest threat outlined in the manual is an influenza pandemic, which is both unpredictable and inevitable. In the worst-case scenario, there will be no protective vaccine for six months or longer after the virus is identified, and even there will be a global shortage of doses. On this and other threats, the manual focuses on practical and indispensable things to know about infectious diseases that are most important for national political and operational decision-makers; it also links readers to more exhaustive WHO guidance.

https://rumble.com/playlists/BaFNvsAURrg - Pandemic Of The Unvaccinated People Will Threaten The Live Of Vaccinated People?

They’re all in the same category of Weapons of Mass Destruction, and so the use of all of them are, for the most part, illegal. However, we do view them differently, and most people categorize some as worse than others.

Generally bio is considered the worst because it seems difficult to control. It can spread through an entire population, and continue multiplying. Ever since WW2 we’ve moved away from looking for sheer killing power, and more towards surgical, controlled killing power. Also, bio weapons can turn and hurt you just as much as your enemy. Nixon was the first to decide they held no strategic advantage and ordered the disassembly of all US bio weapons, including those for deterrence. Once he got the ball rolling pretty everyone else seemed to agree.

Chemical weapons are next in line. This is mainly because they’re absolutely horrific, but serve little strategic value besides fear. They’re limited in scope, difficult to make and deploy, and don’t impact much of an area. One of the few places it’s really useful is in trench warfare where it can sink into the trenches in a way traditional bombs can’t, or to clear a barricade. Outside of those situations traditional explosives can do the same job with less suffering. Pretty much no one openly disagrees with the ban, except for the fact that it includes tear gas and some strategists think allowing tear gas would actually save lives.

Nukes are deemed both the most and least acceptable for a few reasons. Least because it could kick off a nuclear war and obliterate the planet. Most because there are strategies in place to use nukes tactically in warfare. Using small payloads and timing detonation properly, nukes could (theoretically) be used while limiting the environmental and wide spread damage radiation causes. While this hasn’t been done, the US at least hasn’t dismissed the possibility. However, like with chemical weapons, traditional explosives can fill that job fairly well and so using a nuke, even in a limited strike, is still looked down on.

N.B.C. - Weapons of Mass Destruction
N.B.C. stands for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical, referring to the three main categories of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs). These weapons have the potential to cause widespread harm and loss of life, and are considered a significant threat to global security.

Nuclear Weapons

Nuclear weapons are weapons that use nuclear reactions to cause massive destruction. They are the most destructive type of WMD, with the potential to cause catastrophic damage and widespread loss of life.

Biological Weapons

Biological weapons are weapons that use living organisms or toxins to cause harm. They can be used to spread diseases, contaminate food and water supplies, or cause other types of harm.

Chemical Weapons

Chemical weapons are weapons that use toxic chemicals to cause harm. They can be used to poison people, contaminate food and water supplies, or cause other types of harm.

International Law

International law prohibits the development, production, stockpiling, and use of WMDs. The Geneva Protocol of 1925 and the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention of 1972 are two major treaties that ban the use of biological and chemical weapons. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1968 aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons.

Media Coverage

Media coverage of WMDs often focuses on the threat they pose to global security and the efforts of governments and international organizations to prevent their proliferation. The media also reports on the development and use of WMDs in conflicts, as well as the humanitarian consequences of their use.

Training and Education

Training and education are essential for understanding and addressing the threat of WMDs. The Southwest Training Center offers courses on WMDs, including biological agents, nuclear terrorism, and chemical weapons. The center provides training for first responders, emergency medical technicians, and other professionals who may be called upon to respond to WMD incidents.

Examples of WMDs

Examples of WMDs include:

Nuclear weapons: atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, and other nuclear devices
Biological weapons: bacteria, viruses, and other living organisms that can cause disease
Chemical weapons: toxic chemicals, such as nerve gas, mustard gas, and sarin
Incendiary weapons: weapons that use fire or heat to cause harm
Explosive weapons: weapons that use explosives to cause harm
Conclusion

N.B.C. - Weapons of Mass Destruction are a significant threat to global security and human life. Understanding the different types of WMDs, international law, media coverage, training and education, and examples of WMDs is essential for addressing this threat and promoting global security.

When can a government kill its own people?

The straightforward question has anything but a simple answer, especially for the government of a nation founded on inalienable rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Monday’s news that the Obama administration is considering a military hit on an American terrorist raises anew the issue of what justifies such a step, according to both the law and the public conscience in an era of political, social and technological evolution.

“America’s legitimate claim of self-defense cannot be the end of the discussion,” President Barack Obama said last year when he announced new guidelines on drone strikes that target enemies for killing. “To say a military tactic is legal, or even effective, is not to say it is wise or moral in every instance. For the same human progress that gives us the technology to strike half a world away also demands the discipline to constrain that power – or risk abusing it.”

The American Civil Liberties Union contends the administration abuses its power, particularly when it comes to drone strikes that have targeted foreigners and in some cases, American citizens.

“Even in the context of an armed conflict against an armed group, the government may use lethal force only against individuals who are directly participating in hostilities against the United States,” the group says on its website. “Regardless of the context, whenever the government uses lethal force, it must take all possible steps to avoid harming civilian bystanders. But these are not the standards that the executive branch is using.”

Here are questions about what the government is doing, with explanation of why and arguments against:

1) What does targeted killing mean, and how widespread is it?

After the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States, a traumatized nation responded with new laws that greatly expanded the government’s power to fight terrorism.

Wars were launched in Afghanistan and then Iraq, and the national intelligence system expanded to new capacity disclosed in last year’s classified leaks by former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden.

Part of the expanded powers included legal authorization to target terrorists defined as enemies of the state – people determined to be fighting a war against America.

The CIA and the military have used drones and covert missions to take out such targets, including drone strikes that killed U.S. citizen Anwar al-Awlaki, a wanted terrorist, and three other Americans.

Unofficial estimates based on reports by human rights groups and media accounts indicate the Obama administration has carried out hundreds of drone strikes that have killed hundreds and perhaps thousands of people, including terrorists and civilians, in an escalation of the practice started by the Bush administration.

Most have occurred in Afghanistan, but others have taken place in countries where no ground war was occurring including Yemen, where al-Awlaki and the two other Americans died in 2011.

2) Is it legal for the government to target and kill people?

In his May 2013 speech at the National Defense University, Obama proclaimed the practice completely legal.

“Under domestic law, and international law, the United States is at war with al Qaeda, the Taliban, and their associated forces,” he said. “We are at war with an organization that right now would kill as many Americans as they could if we did not stop them first. So this is a just war – a war waged proportionally, in last resort, and in self-defense.”

Critics, however, say the government oversteps the legal boundaries of the Constitution and international law, particularly by making decisions on targeted killings in secret without going before any court.

“The result is that the public remains in the dark about how exactly U.S. policy governing targeted killings is operating, under which legal authorities, and who exactly are its victims,” said a letter to Obama in December from nine rights groups.

Hina Shamsi, who directs the ACLU’s National Security Project, told CNN that the Obama administration was “fighting hard” to prevent a judicial review of the strikes that killed al-Awlaki and the other Americans, including the terrorist’s 16-year-old son.

Until allegations in classified documents can be assessed in court, she said, the question of whether they amount to real evidence remains unanswered.

Shamsi called the U.S. actions “one of the most extreme and dangerous forms of authority that the executive branch can claim – the power to kill people based on vague and shifting legal standards, secret evidence and no judicial review even after the fact.”

In 2010, a federal judge in Washington noted the government would need permission from a federal court to wiretap al-Awlaki, but that no such court process existed in order to kill him.

Rejecting an effort by al-Awlaki’s father to block his son’s possible extrajudicial killing, U.S. District Judge John Bates called it “somewhat unsettling” that a president could – for national security reasons – make a unilateral decision to kill a U.S. citizen overseas and the decision would be “judicially unreviewable.”

3) Even if it is legal by the letter of the law, is it morally or politically right?

Obama has insisted his responsibility as commander in chief to protect Americans from attack justified targeted killings like the drone strike on al-Awlaki.

In his speech last May, he rejected targeting an American citizen without what he called “due process,” meaning adherence to full legal procedures. Then he explained the reasoning for the al-Awlaki hit two years earlier, before the expanded policy guidelines he was announcing.

“When a U.S. citizen goes abroad to wage war against America and is actively plotting to kill U.S. citizens, and when neither the United States, nor our partners are in a position to capture him before he carries out a plot, his citizenship should no more serve as a shield than a sniper shooting down on an innocent crowd should be protected from a SWAT team,” Obama said, citing al-Awlaki by name.

“I would have detained and prosecuted Awlaki if we captured him before he carried out a plot, but we couldn’t,” Obama continued. “And as President, I would have been derelict in my duty had I not authorized the strike that took him out.”

Shamsi, who argued the ACLU’s federal court case seeking judicial review of the strikes on al-Awlaki and two other Americans, contended that the government has failed to adhere to the oversight it set up for targeted killings.

“Policy restrictions are well and good, but the administration appears to have gone well beyond them based on the investigate reports of human rights organizations and media accounts,” she said Monday.

4) Does it work?

Ever the politician, Obama argued forcefully last year that targeted killings were a necessary tool in the expanding battle against international terrorism.

“Dozens of highly skilled al Qaeda commanders, trainers, bomb makers and operatives have been taken off the battlefield,” he said. “Plots have been disrupted that would have targeted international aviation, U.S. transit systems, European cities and our troops in Afghanistan. Simply put, these strikes have saved lives.”

Critics, including congressional Republicans, argue the President’s anti-terrorism strategy, which in many ways extended programs and practices started after the 9/11 attacks under the Bush administration, have failed to effectively curtail al Qaeda.

Asked last week at a congressional hearing if al Qaeda was stronger or weaker today than before the 9/11 attacks, Director of National Intelligence James Clapper struggled to find an answer before conceding the terrorist network now was more widespread and therefore more difficult to combat.

At the same hearing, House Intelligence Committee Chairman Mike Rogers argued that tighter restrictions on targeted killings announced by Obama in last year’s policy speech had weakened the government’s fight against terrorism.

“Today, individuals who would have been previously removed from the battlefield by U.S. counter-terrorism operations for attacking or plotting to attack against U.S. interests remain free because of self-imposed red tape,” the Michigan Republican said, adding that “the President’s May 2013 policy changes for the U.S. targeted strikes are an utter and complete failure, and they leave Americans’ lives at risk.”

However, the criticism by Rogers differs from Shamsi’s accusation that the administration fails to adhere to the stated policies of increased oversight and following due process. Rogers complained that the problem involved confusion over the U.S. policies.

5) Is it worth it?

To Obama, the need to take out war enemies supersedes the potential political fallout at home and abroad over drone strikes and other targeted killings.

He argued last year that doing nothing would invite “far more civilian casualties” by terrorists targeting U.S. cities as well as foreign strongholds in Yemen, Afghanistan, Somalia and elsewhere.

“Remember that the terrorists we are after target civilians, and the death toll from their acts of terrorism against Muslims dwarfs any estimate of civilian casualties from drone strikes,” he argued, saying that “doing nothing is not an option.”

Obama also contended the drone strikes were less risky than conventional weapons or “boots on the ground” in terms of collateral damage and broader political repercussions.

“It is false to assert that putting boots on the ground is less likely to result in civilian deaths or less likely to create enemies in the Muslim world,” he said, referring to unpopular U.S. military incidents of recent decades. “The results would be more U.S. deaths, more Black Hawks down, more confrontations with local populations, and an inevitable mission creep in support of such raids that could easily escalate into new wars.”

On the ground, though, drone strikes that kill civilians evoke rage and resentment against the United States that can breed more anti-American activism. To Shamsi, the threat also is to core American values back home.

“There’s enough credible reporting about tragic wrongful killings and mistakes having been made,” she told CNN. “It helps neither the security of the United States nor the victims of its policies, because in the end, long-term national security depends on our real commitment to our laws and our values.”

How to Survive America’s Kill List Government Say Americans Are Stupid Kill Them. When a U.S. citizen heard he was on his own country’s drone target list, he wasn’t sure he believed it. After five near-misses, he does – and is suing the United States to contest his own execution today.

https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/how-to-survive-americas-kill-list-699334/

If you need thousands of unsuspecting subjects on whom to test various hallucinogenic and incapacitating sprays, why just look around you at all those innocent people walking the streets of major American cities.
Among the assignments given to Dr. Sidney Gottlieb, head of the secret Project MK-ULTRA, by CIA chief Allen Dulles in 1953 was to perfect a method of producing large-scale aberrant mental states on an unsuspecting population. A substance was sought that the U.S. military could spray over a city when engaging an enemy and render both civilians and military opponents relatively helpless and unable to resist. The substance should be able to “cause illogical thinking” or “produce shock and confusion over extended periods of time” or “produce physical disablement, such as paralysis of the legs” or merely “cause mental confusion.”
Agents assigned to Operation Big City modified a 1953 Mercury so its exhaust pipe extended eighteen inches beyond its normal length. A gas concocted to cause hallucinations was then emitted through the automobile’s exhaust as the agents drove the Mercury for eighty miles around New York City, making note of the effects on pedestrians.
In another test, operatives equipped with nasal filters boarded the New York subway with battery-powered emissions equipment fitted into suitcases to test the effect of LSD on people in confined areas.
An ambitious project was conducted in 1957 when operatives released a biological gas off the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.
The intent of the experiment was to blanket the entire city with the gas and then monitor how powerfully the disorienting properties of the substance would affect the population.
The agents were dismayed when a sudden wind arose and blew the gas away before it could cause any harm.
In 1957 CIA inspector general Lyman Kirkpatrick issued an internal memo that cautioned operatives to use utmost secrecy to protect the operation not only from enemy intelligence,
but also from the American public in general.
If the American people should learn that the CIA was engaging in activities that were unethical and illicit,
such knowledge could become detrimental to the accomplishment of the Agency’s mission.
The Central Intelligence Agency may have been involved in
"open air" biological warfare tests in streets and tunnels in the New York City area in 1955 and 1956,
according to an analysis of CIA records released yesterday by the Church of Scientology.
The four-month analysis suggests that The CIA purchased supplies for experiments that included the dissemination of unknown substances for aerosol devices mounted in suitcases and in the exhaust of a specially modified 1953 Mercury, according to the church's report.
The church's analysts said they examined about 600 pages of CIA financial records that were part of the agency's MK-ULTRA mind control experiments. The documents have been made public by the CIA during the last 2 1/2 years. t
The Scientologists' report is to be made public today. Copies of the report were sent to congressional Intelligence and Armed Services committees as well as to the Cia and the Army, a church spokesman said.

CIA May Have Tested Biological Warfare in New York in '50s, Church Says The Central Intelligence Agency may have been involved in "open air" biological warfare tests in streets and tunnels in the New York City area in 1955 and 1956, according to an analysis of CIA records released yesterday by the Church of Scientology.

The four-month analysis suggests that The CIA purchased supplies for experiments that included the dissemmation of unknown substances for aerosol devices mounted in suitcases and in the exhaust of a specially modified 1953 Mercury, according to the church's report.

The church's analysts said they examined about 600 pages of CIA financial records that were part of the agency's MK-ULTRA mind control experiments. The documents have been made public by the CIA during the last 2 1/2 years. t

The Scientologists' report is to be made public today. Copies of the report were sent to congressional Intelligence and Armed Services committees as well as to the Cia and the Army, a church spokesman said.

The Scientologists said analysts had pieced together scattered bits of information they found in the heavily censored CIA documents. They said they believe the biological warfare experiment was code-named "Operation Big City," and that details of the operation have either been destroyed by the CIA or are still shielded by a top-secret classification.

The CIA had never acknowledged any involvement with open air tests of biological agents. Much of the intelligence agency's biological testing during the 1950s was conducted for the agency by the Army.

Previously released documents and congressional hearings showed the Army's "Special Operations Division" at Fort Detrich, Md., carried out a series of tests between 1949 and 1968 apparently designed to gauge the vulnerability of American metropolitan areas to possible Soviet chemical and bacteriological warfare.

Early this year, a San Francisco lawyer released Army documents obtained under the Freedom of Information Act describing a 1950 test in which a bacteria cloud sprayed from a ship off the Golden Gate wafted inland to cover the entire bay area.

"We feel that the public has a right to know of every incident where U.S. citizens may have been the target of chemical and-or biological warfare testing," said Church of Scientology spokesman Brian Anderson.

From the 75 pages of receipts, church investigators concluded:

"Equipped with test animals, the CIA-Army team experimented with a variety of devices capable of disseminating a powder or gas into the air under covert conditions. Battery driven 'dusters' were installed in suitcases that had been soundproofed to muffle the noise. Similar devices were also constructed to sample the air to determine the effectiveness of the test. Personnel were protected with, at least, nasal filter pads.

"The primary test occurred Feb. 11- 15, 1956, in the New York City area when a 1953 Mercury with tail pipes extending an extra 18 inches traveled only 80 miles but covered four turnpikes and tunnels. When the test car returned it was washed to handle 'contamination' and washed again a few days later."

A church spokesman said, "We would like to know, and are sure the people of New York would like to know, what the ARMY-CIA used in 'Operation Big City.'"

Over and over again, the military has conducted dangerous biowarfare experiments on Americans On September 20, 1950, a US Navy ship just off the coast of San Francisco used a giant hose to spray a cloud of microbes into the air and into the city's famous fog. The military was testing how a biological weapon attack would affect the 800,000 residents of the city.

The people of San Francisco had no idea.

The Navy continued the tests for seven days, potentially causing at least one death. It was one of the first large-scale biological weapon trials that would be conducted under a "germ warfare testing program" that went on for 20 years, from 1949 to 1969. The goal "was to deter [the use of biological weapons] against the United States and its allies and to retaliate if deterrence failed," the government explained later. "Fundamental to the development of a deterrent strategy was the need for a thorough study and analysis of our vulnerability to overt and covert attack."

Of the 239 known tests in that program, San Francisco was notable for two reasons, according to Dr. Leonard Cole, who documented the episode in his book "Clouds of Secrecy: The Army's Germ Warfare Tests Over Populated Areas."

Cole, now the director of the Terror Medicine and Security Program at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, tells Business Insider that this incident was "notable: first, because it was really early in the program ... but also because of the extraordinary coincidence that took place at Stanford Hospital, beginning days after the Army's tests had taken place."

Hospital staff were so shocked at the appearance of a patient infected with a bacteria, Serratia marcescens, that had never been found in the hospital and was rare in the area, that they published an article about it in a medical journal. The patient, Edward Nevin, died after the infection spread to his heart.

S. marcescens was one of the two types of bacteria the Navy ship had sprayed over the Bay Area.

It wasn't until the 1970s that Americans, as Cole wrote in the book, "learned that for decades they had been serving as experimental animals for agencies of their government."

San Francisco wasn't the first or the last experiment on citizens who hadn't given informed consent.

Other experiments involved testing mind-altering drugs on unsuspecting citizens. In one shocking, well-known incident, government researchers studied the effects of syphilis on black Americans without informing the men that they had the disease — they were told they had "bad blood." Researchers withheld treatment after it became available so they could continue studying the illness, despite the devastating and life-threatening implications of doing so for the men and their families.

But it was the germ warfare tests that Cole focused on.

"All these other tests, while terrible, they affected people counted in the hundreds at most," he says. "But when you talk about exposing millions of people to potential harm, by spreading around certain chemicals or biological agents, the quantitative effect of that is just unbelievable."

"Every one of the [biological and chemical] agents the Army used had been challenged" by medical reports, he says, despite the Army's contention in public hearings that they'd selected "harmless simulants" of biological weapons.

"They're all considered pathogens now," Cole says.

Here are some of the other difficult-to-believe germ warfare experiments that occurred during this dark chapter in US history. These tests were documented in Cole's book and verified by Business Insider using congressional reports and archived news articles.

From Minneapolis to St. Louis The military tested how a biological or chemical weapon would spread throughout the country by spraying bacteria as well as various chemical powders — including an especially controversial one called zinc cadmium sulfide. Low flying airplanes would take off, sometimes near the Canadian border, "and they would fly down through the Midwest," dropping their payloads over cities, says Cole.

These sprays were tested on the ground too, with machines that would release clouds from city rooftops or intersections to see how they spread.

In the book, Cole cites military reports that documented various Minneapolis tests, including one where chemicals spread through a school. The clouds were clearly visible.

To prevent suspicion, the military pretended that they were testing a way to mask the whole city in order to protect it. They told city officials that "the tests involved efforts to measure ability to lay smoke screens about the city" to "hide" it in case of nuclear attack, according to Cole's account.

The potential toxicity of that controversial compound zinc cadmium sulfide is debated. One component, cadmium, is highly toxic and can cause cancer. Some reports suggest a possibility that the zinc cadmium sulfide could perhaps degrade into cadmium, but a 1997 report from the National Research Council concluded that the Army's secret tests "did not expose residents of the United States and Canada to chemical levels considered harmful." However, the same report noted that research on the chemical used was sparse, mostly based on very limited animal studies.

These air tests were conducted around the country as part of Operation Large Area Coverage.

"There was evidence that the powder after it was released would be then located a day or two later as far away as 1,200 miles," Cole says. "There was a sense that you could really blanket the country with a similar agent."

City tests were conducted in St. Louis, too.

In 2012, Lisa Martino-Taylor, a sociology professor at St. Louis Community College-Meramec, released a report theorizing that the army's experiments could be connected to cancer rates in a low-income, mostly black neighborhood in the city where zinc cadmium sulfide had been tested. She said she was concerned that there could have been a radioactive component to some testing, though she did not have direct evidence for that possibility.

Her report, however, prompted both senators from Missouri to write to the Army secretary, "demanding answers," the Associated Press noted at the time.

While Martino-Taylor's suggestion remains purely hypothetical, "the human dimension is never mentioned" in most Army documents, Cole writes in the book. Instead there's just a discussion of how well the particulates spread and what they learned about the possibility of biological attacks from them.

1966: "A Study of the Vulnerability of Subway Passengers in New York City to Covert Attack with Biological Agents" The New York subway system experiments are among the most shocking in terms of the numbers of people exposed, according to Cole.

In a field test called "A Study of the Vulnerability of Subway Passengers in New York City to Covert Attack with Biological Agents," military officials tried to see how easy it would be to unleash biological weapons using the New York City subway. They would break light bulbs full of bacteria on the tracks to see how they spread through the city.

"If you can get trillions of bacteria into a light bulb and throw it on the track as a train pulls into a station, they'll get pulled through the air as the train leaves," Cole says, travelling through the tunnels and into different stations.

Clouds would engulf people as trains pulled away, but documents say that they "brushed their clothing, looked up at the grating apron and walked on." No one was concerned.

In a 1995 Newsday story, reporter Dennis Duggan contacted retired Army scientist Charles Senseney, who had testified about the experiments to a Senate subcommittee in 1975. In his testimony, he explained that one light bulb full of bacteria dropped at 14th Street easily spread the bacteria up to at least 58th Street.

But he declined to reveal anything to the Newsday reporter. "I don't want to get near this," Senseney said to Duggan. "I [testified], because I was told I had to by the people at the Department of Defense ... I better get off the phone."

Experiments continued in New York for six days using Bacillus subtilis, then known as Bacillus globigii, and S. marcescens.

A paper from the National Academy of Sciences analyzing military experiments notes that B. globigii is "now considered a pathogen" and is often a cause of food poisoning. "Infections are rarely known to be fatal," the report said — though fatal cases have occurred.

Particularly controversial tests Another controversial experiment described in Cole's book involved a test at the Norfolk Naval Supply Center. The experimenters packed crates with fungal spores to see how they would affect the people unpacking those crates.

Cole's book notes that "portions of a report about an army test in 1951 involving Aspergillus fumigatus ... indicate that the army intentionally exposed a disproportionate number of black people to the organism." Most of the employees at the supply center were black.

In the military reports cited by Cole, researchers claim they are preparing for an attack that might target black citizens. He quotes from a section that reads: "Since Negroes are more susceptible to coccidioides than are whites, this fungus disease was simulated."

When these experiments were first revealed in 1980, the racial aspect of these tests engendered controversy and skepticism about the "army's interest in the public welfare," according to Cole.

Tests revealed by an unexpected source Many of these experiments on the American public were first investigated by what we would consider questionable sources.

https://www.businessinsider.com/military-government-secret-experiments-biological-chemical-weapons-2016-9#tests-revealed-by-an-unexpected-source-5

One 1979 Washington Post news story discusses open air experiments in the Tampa Bay area involving the release of pertussis, or whooping cough, in 1955. State records show that whooping cough cases in Florida spiked from 339 (one death) in 1954 to 1,080 (12 deaths) in 1955, according to that story.

But it's hard to trace how accurate the information about the whooping cough release is: The only documentation goes back to an investigation by the Church of Scientology.

The Church of Scientology formed a group called American Citizens for Honesty in Government that spent a significant amount of time investigating controversial experiments run by the Army and CIA, according to the Post. Through FOIA requests they uncovered a number of documents related to these experiments in the late 1970s.

Cole understands why some people are skeptical of those reports. "I certainly am not a member and I think a lot of what they do is quackery," he says, but "in this case, I have no reason to believe any of this isn't real."

Many of the documents Scientologists made public were the same documents he'd received doing his own research, redacted in the same places.

Perhaps the hardest question is how much information is still missing.

As Cole writes in the book:

Many details about the army's tests over populated areas remain secret. Most of the test reports are still classified or cannot be located, although a few of the earlier ones have become available in response to Freedom of Information Act requests and in conjunction with the Nevin case. Among those available, sections have been blocked out and pages are missing.

What we learned Military officials were called to testify before Congress in 1977 after information about these biological warfare experiments was revealed.

At the time, those officials said that determining just how vulnerable the US was to a biological attack "required extensive research and development to determine precisely our vulnerability, the efficacy of our protective measures, and the tactical and strategic capability of various delivery systems and agents," according to a record of that testimony quoted in "Clouds of Secrecy."

Cole too says it's hard to see these events now from the perspective that people had then.

There was "a different mindset in the country then ... [a] Cold War mentality," he says. But, he argues, that doesn't justify glossing over the already known potential danger of the agents used.

At the same time, part of what the military knows about how clouds of chemicals spread comes from these experiments. Cole says that knowledge gleaned from these biological warfare testing programs helped inform the US reaction when reports came in on the potential use of chemical weapons in the first Gulf War.

So what's happening now? Cole says that the obvious question that's on people's minds is what's happening now. After all, if secret tests could occur then, what prevents them from continuing? Are they, in fact, still going on?

He doesn't think it's likely.

"I would never swear on your life or my life that nothing illegitimate is happening, but based on what I do know, I don't have any sense that there's illicit activity now that would involve risking exposure to tons of people, as happened in the 50s and 60s," he says.

Biological agents are still studied and tested, but informed consent is more widely appreciated now. There's also less of a Cold War mentality that would be used to justify this research.

Still, more recent reports show that experiments in this area went on longer than we thought.

In 2001, a New York Times report revealed projects testing biological weapons that began under the Clinton administration and continued under the second Bush administration. A 1972 treaty theoretically prohibited developing biological weapons, but this program justified it with the argument that new weapons needed to be studied in order to develop adequate defenses.

And the "War on Terror" raises other concerns, according to Cole.

After the 2001 anthrax attacks, funding for bioterrorism research spiked by $1.5 billion. Then in 2004, Congress approved another $5.6 billion bioterror research project.

These projects are meant to protect society from the dangers of biological agents, but they may have an unintended consequence, Cole says.

"Thousands and thousands of people became familiar with pathogens that they were not familiar with before," he says. "You now have many more people that could potentially do bad with these organisms, and it only takes one person."

https://rumble.com/playlists/YmpsS0oYXdA

So To All My Fellow Americans From Both Political Parties We Are Going to Kill You. The Legality Of Targeting And Killing U.S. Citizens Abroad And In Your Own Country By & With Poisoning And Herbicides And Drugs And Food For A 100 Years Now. See Also So Video Links Below. When A U.S. Citizen heard he was on his own country’s drone target list, he wasn’t sure he believed it. After five near-misses, he does and is suing the United States to contest his own execution. The U.S. government’s involvement in the 1970s with regards to poisoning drugs was primarily focused on the use of herbicides, such as Paraquat, to destroy marijuana crops in Mexico. This was done as part of the country’s anti-drug efforts, with the intention of reducing the supply of illegal drugs. However, this practice was met with controversy and criticism, as it was seen as a violation of human rights and a potential health risk to those who consumed the contaminated crops.

CIA Killing 100,000> Year Selling Heroin In U.S.A. Our Troops Protecting Opium-Heroin - https://rumble.com/v2fg19o-cia-killing-100000-year-selling-heroin-in-u.s.a.-our-troops-protecting-opiu.html

In 1990, a failed CIA anti-drug operation in Venezuela resulted in at least 18 ton of cocaine being smuggled into the United States and sold on the streets. The incident, which was first made public in 1993, was part of a plan to assist an undercover agent to gain the confidence of a Colombian drug cartel. How the CIA Turned Us onto LSD and Heroin Secrets of America's False War on Drugs. Through in-depth interviews with academic researchers, historians, journalists, former federal agents, and drug dealers, America's Fake War on Drugs tells true tales of how, for instance, the CIA and Department of Defense helped to introduce LSD to Americans in the 1950s. "The CIA literally sent over two guys to Sandoz Laboratories where LSD had first been synthesized and bought up the world's supply of LSD and brought it back," Lappé tells Nick Gillespie in a wide-ranging conversation about the longest war the U.S. government has fought. "With that supply they began a [secret mind-control] program called MK Ultra which had all sorts of other drugs involved."

U.S. Government Is Selling Fentanyl Laced w-Xylazine To Kill Us - Its Not From Mexico - https://rumble.com/v2giyy1-u.s.-government-is-selling-fentanyl-laced-w-xylazine-to-kill-us-its-not-fro.html

America Is Largest Drug Cartels In The World and Fentanyl Alone or Fentanyl Laced w-Xylazine To Kill Us is a potent synthetic opioid drug approved by and sold by the Food and Drug Administration for use as an analgesic (pain relief) and anesthetic. It is approximately 100 times more potent than morphine and 50 times more potent than heroin as an analgesic. Illicitly manufactured, fentanyl is added to heroin, disguising it as highly potent heroin, so users don’t realize that the heroin they’re purchasing may contain fentanyl. Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that was originally developed as an analgesic – or painkiller – for surgery. It has a specific chemical structure with multiple areas that can be modified, often illicitly, to form related compounds with marked differences in potency. Fentanyl’s chemical backbone (the structure in the center) has multiple areas (the colored circles) that can be substituted with different functional groups (the colored boxes around the edges) to change its potency.

How U.S. Government (Killed Us Again) U.S.A. Poisoned Alcohol During Prohibition - https://rumble.com/v2atam4-how-u.s.-government-killed-us-again-u.s.a.-poisoned-alcohol-during-prohibit.html

Almost everyone knows that the United States government sometimes operates in the shadows, but have you ever heard of how the U.S. government poisoned alcohol during prohibition? This event costed 10,000+ dead people their lives perished from such poisoning and hundreds of thousands more suffered irreversible injuries including blindness and paralysis . When the manufacture and sale of alcohol was illegal between 1920 and 1933, regulatory agencies encouraged measures making 60 Million Gallons industrial alcohol undrinkable, including the addition of lethal chemicals.

True Story How US Government Tried To Kill Weed Smokers With A Toxic Chemical ! - https://rumble.com/v2ath8q-true-story-how-us-government-tried-to-kill-weed-smokers-with-a-toxic-chemic.html

Paraquat Pot The True Story Of How The US Government Tried To Kill Weed Smokers With A Toxic Chemical When people talk about “killer weed,” that’s typically understood to mean really good weed. But due to US government policies that started in the 1970s and extended through most of the 1980s, marijuana fields were being sprayed with a chemical that can actually kill you.

New World Order USA & UN & FEMA Slaughter-Bots A Drone Weapon Systems - https://rumble.com/v4wvctt-new-world-order-usa-and-un-and-fema-slaughter-bots-a-drone-weapon-systems.html

New World Order USA & UN & FEMA Autonomous Machines Capable Of Deadly Force Are Increasingly Prevalent In Modern Warfare, Despite Numerous Ethical Concerns. Is There Anything We Can Do To Halt The Advance Of The Killer Robots? Debating Slaughter-bots And The Future of Autonomous Weapons Systems UN Planning To Kill Ten Of Million People's Can Look At The Same Technology And Disagree About How It Will Shape The Future, Explains New World Order As He Shares A Final Perspective On The Slaughter-bots Debate.

Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out to Be True U.S.A. Government Lie's Again - https://rumble.com/v2a5yvw-conspiracy-theories-that-turned-out-to-be-true-u.s.a.-government-lies-again.html

The truth is stranger than fiction. For this list, we’ll be going over the strangest and most famous conspiracy theories that were actually conspiracy facts. Our countdown includes Roswell Cover-Up, The FBI Spied on Political Activists, Watergate Scandal, and more! Is there a theory you once believed that you now realize was a load of baloney? Tell us in the comments!

These Most Dangerous Conspiracy Theory in the World That Turned Out To Be True - https://rumble.com/v2a7zkq-these-most-dangerous-conspiracy-theory-in-the-world-that-turned-out-to-be-t.html

These Most Dangerous Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out To Be True -

1. The CIA has a special gun that shoots dissolvable darts that leave no trace and cause people to get a heart attack. It was dismissed as a conspiracy theory before the gun actually turned out to be true during a trial where it was demonstrated by CIA operatives.

2. You know the whole “birds aren’t real” conspiracy theory?

Well, it’s funny because there was a thing in the 1960s called Project Acoustic Kitty where the CIA wanted to put microphones and transmitters inside of cats and use them to spy on the Soviets. It cost about $20 million and was a huge failure and allegedly the first cat they wired was hit by a car and killed very soon after they let it go. Now I’m not saying that birds are being used to spy on us, but it’s crazy to think that the government did actually try something like that.

3. Planned Obsolescence by mobile phone companies. People suspected their phones were being slowed down on purpose when a new phone arrived.

4. Your phone is listening to you even when you aren’t using it. Case and point, my friend was telling me, in person, about some alternative to PayPal she found. This same company was then advertised to me later that day despite my never looking it up. It’s not even available in my country.

5. MK-ultra. The government was running massive mind control experiments through American universities. Further, the CIA would kidnap people, load em up with LSD and torture them under this program. They even ran illegal brothels to kidnap the johns. The victims wouldn’t talk because they’d have to admit they were cheating on their wives.

The only reason we know about it is due to FOIA requests and the fact that someone forgot to destroy or hide the documents.

And no one fucking talks about it. No one went to prison for it. It’s very likely that the Unabomber was pushed to his mental breaking point under the auspices of this program and lead to his targeting of universities.

The FBI also ran illegal surveillance through COINTEL PRO and used it to suppress the black panthers, harass social activists, run illegal wire taps, and follow around public figures. And no one fucking talks about it. Hell it’s legal now under the patriot act.

AND NO ONE FU*KING TALKS ABOUT IT.

6. That the NSA is basically storing and spying on everything sent across the internet.

Then Snowden came out and told us how they were doing it and suddenly Google etc started encrypting all their inter-server communications and https was universally pushed, hard.

He’s a fu*king true blue American hero who should be celebrated as such.

7. My father, who I previously thought was insane, was convinced the meds the military used to prevent malaria caused serious and permanent behavioral health issues. 30 years later, I was prescribed a different malaria med as a preventative before a trip, and I jokingly mentioned my father’s theory to the doc.

“Mefloquine? Yeah, that’s actually true. That’s why we switched to this one.”

8. My grandfather for years told everyone his well water was poisoned. Everyone thought it was one of his (many) delusions. Eventually one of my uncles tested the water from his well and it turns out it was unsafe to drink.

9. Michael Jordan apparently sold so much that when he retired the NBA started losing profits. They started building stars like Kobe. They paired him up with Shaq in LA to recapture the glory days and get that Hollywood money. It’s also one of the reasons that New York never wins because win or lose, New Yorkers shell out money for the Knicks.

The Spurs, being in a small market, were pushed to championships because of their international appeal. Miami was rumored to be the next Hollywood due to lax tax laws and it being a similar party city which is why the first manufactured super team was formed there.

Of course there was also the Laker-Hornets trade that was vetoed by the NBA which would fu*k the Hornets out of a solid trade (Lamar Odom, Kevin Martin, Luis Scola, Goran Dragic). David Stern said it was to protect the Hornets but they ended getting less for CP3 (Chris Kaman, Eric Gordon, Al Farouq Aminu and an unprotected 1st round pick). This seemed to be done to tank the Hornets, which the NBA owned at the time.

10. Not really a conspiracy but the author of Hunt for Red October got the story of submarines so accurate that the department of defense investigated him thinking he was a spy.

11. The Gulf of Tonkin incident (Vietnamese: Sự kiện Vịnh Bắc Bộ), also known as the USS Maddox incident, was an international confrontation that led to the United States engaging more directly in the Vietnam War. It involved one real and one falsely claimed confrontation between ships of North Vietnam and the United States in the waters of the Gulf of Tonkin. The original American report blamed North Vietnam for both incidents, but the Pentagon Papers, the memoirs of Robert McNamara, and NSA publications from 2005, proved material misrepresentation by the US government to justify a war against Vietnam.

12. Colombia’s government and high rank military officials killed farmers and poor people just to get personnel promoted and support from people.
The bodies had uniforms just like the ones guerrilla soldiers used to wear.
People started noticing that something was wrong with these ”guerrillero bodies” when the boots in some of the bodies were backwards and a lot of people went missing from villages.

13. This is on a lighter note but in 2013 (during the twerking craze), there was a viral video which feature a girl named Caitin Heller twerking against a doorway. When someone opens the door, Heller then falls on a table with a candle thus setting her on fire. Not only was it being shared online but news media like CNN were picking up on the story. While people were having conspiracy theories that this video may be fake, those people were often mocked. Eventually, Jimmy Kimmel came out and revealed that the video was fake and Caitlin Heller was actually a stuntwoman named Daphne Avalon.

14. Watergate. It started out as a conspiracy theory, but gained enough evidence to tun into the scandal that we all know today.

15. Drug money is used to rig elections and train brutal, corporate-sponsored dictators around the world.

16. The sugar industry buying researchers to muddy the waters in regards to diet. Coke has paid for these studies to say that sugar is not harmful to the general populace but it generally is. The way that food is processed to hell and back is detrimental to humanity. I’m not innocent of enjoying sugar but the way our food is treated is a huge problem.

17. All FIFA World Cups were purchased from 1998 through 2014. When I know that in 2002, I heard about who would win each year. And it happened!

18. Systematic Pedophilia in the catholic church. It was an open secret that for whatever reason was suppressed by the church, its members and even its victims.

19. CIA putting LSD in the water supply.

Except it was only a handful of extremely small (<800 pop.) towns in the American Southwest, and the outcome was not, “we have a mind control serum,” but instead, “that deeply troubled a lot of rural elderly people, who had no idea what was happening to them.”

20. Operation Northwoods. The Joint Chiefs of Staff drew up and approved plans to create terrorist acts on US soil to drum up support for a war and invasion of Cuba in the 1960s.

President Kennedy rejected the plan, which included: innocent Americans being shot dead on the streets; boats carrying refugees fleeing Cuba to be sunk on the high seas; a wave of violent terrorism to be launched in Washington D.C., Miami, and elsewhere; people being framed for bombings they did not commit; and planes being hijacked.

21. Jeffrey Epstein was killed and if you think the cameras broke both guards fell asleep and he hung himself you’re an asshole.

22. Playing football causes brain damage. They knew since the 80s but it was becoming such a juggernaut that they climate change denier’d it.

23. My grandfather was afraid of moving into a nursing home or living alone, he was convinced people working in elderly medical care were out to get him. A few years later a local nurse is in the news as a serial killer who believed she was doing the right thing ending lives early. Around the same time a home visiting nurse, who was supposed to help him, got frustrated and hit him, so I removed her from the house which was something he wouldn’t have been able to do. After reporting that nurse everywhere she was still doing home visits for an acquaintance (until I told him too).

24. Ernest Hemingway believed he was being followed by the FBI. It was passed off as paranoid delusions by the medical community and the world at large. But the freedom of information act revealed that Hemingway was an amateur agent in Cuba during the war, but also seen as a potential communist sympathizer by the FBI, who did later follow him. It played a major role in his suicide, though obviously there were many other factors.

25. Political decisions (and frankly, any big decision) are not made by YOU and only you. As it has been proven again and again and again and again, the moment you log into any social media, open a newspaper, look outside or watch tv, your view begins to be manipulated by others. Even if you think you’re above that, you’re not. We’ve all speculated this, but now we know for a fact, our decisions are manipulated and there is no way to stop that.

26. Operation Condor. The USA financed with money and weapons military groups in all South America, to prevent the communism or socialism to impose in any country on the continent. It turns out that they began to establish dictatorships that in some cases lasted for decades, disappearing tens of thousands of people against the regime. One of the most widely known case is Pinochet in Chile and Videla in Argentina.

27. The CIA kickstared the crack epidemic that devastated many US black urban areas in the ’80s in order to pay for death squads in Central America.

There was an investigative series in the mid-90s written by a journalist named Gary Webb in the San Jose Mercury News where he chronicled the CIA’s trafficking of cocaine on behalf of the anti-Communist Contras in Nicaragua. This got picked up by several other larger newspapers and prompted several official government investigations.

The paper got pushback which eventually led to them retracting parts of the investigative series and the official government reports whitewashed the entire thing and Gary Webb resigned in disgrace. He would later ‘kill himself’ in 2004.

28. The Business Plot: the 1930s robber barons attempted a violent overthrow of FDR’s government, with the intention of installing fascism. Smedley Butler, the man they had hoped would lead their coup, exposed them, making them look ridiculous and leading to a coverup (but nonetheless rendering the plot a failure). They destroyed his career, which never recovered, and he died in obscurity in West Chester, Pennsylvania.

There’s a good chance that we would have seen a fascist/Nazi takeover of the country had one man not sacrificed his career to prevent it. Despite his heroism, few people today know his name.

29. Governments and corporations are actually spying on us.

30. I lived in Oregon in the 70’s and 80’s. Everyone always talked about how the Evergreen Airport was used by the CIA but they always denied it. The truth finally came out and the airport ended up closing afterwards.

31. Paraquat Pot: The True Story Of How The US Government Tried To Kill Weed Smokers With A Toxic Chemical In The 1980s When people talk about “killer weed,” that’s typically understood to mean really good weed. But due to US government policies that started in the 1970s and extended through most of the 1980s, marijuana fields were being sprayed with a chemical that can actually kill you.
The chemical, known as “paraquat,” is an herbicide sprayed over marijuana fields in Mexico in the 1970s—with the aid of US money and US-provided helicopters—and over marijuana fields in Georgia in the 1980s under the direction of the Reagan Administration.

But normally, anything poisonous enough to kill plants is also toxic enough to kill humans, and that is the case with paraquat.

Paraquat is an organic acid that is used as an herbicide. It kills green plant tissue on contact.

• When sprayed on plants, paraquat is tasteless and odorless and invisible. In other words, you wouldn’t be able to tell if the weed you were smoking had been sprayed with paraquat.

• As far as breathable poisons go, the government has placed paraquat in Toxicity Category I—the highest possible level.

• Due to the fact that it is cheap and available, liquid paraquat is frequently used in suicides throughout much of the Third World.

• In humans, exposure to paraquat has been linked to the development of Parkin’s disease.

• Depending on the dose and the method of ingestion, paraquat can either be immediately fatal or can lead to kidney, liver, lung, and heart failure for up to 30 days after exposure.

• Tests performed in 1977 demonstrated that combusted paraquat caused damage to the lungs of laboratory rats.

• In 1978, after years of attempting to reassure Americans that smoking paraquat-tainted marijuana was safe, US Secretary of Health Education and Welfare Joseph Califano announced that new tests found that heavy smokers of tainted weed could develop irreversible lung damage and that even moderate users could develop “clinically measurable damage.”

32. 1920 Poisoned Alcohol In 1926, the federal government poisoned alcohol to curb consumption during Prohibition; by the time Prohibition ended in 1933, an estimated 10,000 people had died from this poisoning. ... When the manufacture and sale of alcohol was illegal between 1920 and 1933, regulatory agencies encouraged.

As if Americans hadn't accumulated enough dark suspicions about their government over the past 50-odd years, along comes an Internet factoid holding that the United States government intentionally (and fatally) poisoned more than 10,000 of its own citizens between 1926 and 1933:

To sell the stolen industrial alcohol, the liquor syndicates employed chemists to "renature" the products, returning them to a drinkable state. The bootleggers paid their chemists a lot more than the government did, and they excelled at their job. Stolen and redistilled alcohol became the primary source of liquor in the country. So federal officials ordered manufacturers to make their products far more deadly.

By mid-1927, the new denaturing formulas included some notable poisons—kerosene and brucine (a plant alkaloid closely related to strychnine), gasoline, benzene, cadmium, iodine, zinc, mercury salts, nicotine, ether, formaldehyde, chloroform, camphor, carbolic acid, quinine, and acetone. The Treasury Department also demanded more methyl alcohol be added—up to 10 percent of total product. It was the last that proved most deadly.

It wasn't just the violent Prohibition-era gang wars that were dangerous to Americans drinking homemade moonshine and bathtub gin. According to the Dec. 26, 1922 edition of the New York Times, five people were killed in the city on Christmas Day from drinking "poisoned rum." That was only the beginning. By 1926, according to Prohibition, by Edward Behr, 750 New Yorkers perished from such poisoning and hundreds of thousands more suffered irreversible injuries including blindness and paralysis. On New Year's Day 1927, 41 people died at New York's Bellevue Hospital from alcohol-related poisonings. Oftentimes, they were drinking industrial methanol, otherwise known as wood alcohol, which was a legal but extremely dangerous poison. One government report said that of 480,000 gallons of liquor confiscated in New York in 1927, nearly all contained poisons.

Top Secret Government Conspiracy Revealed Government Secrets & Cover Ups Revealed - https://rumble.com/v2a7ugy-top-secret-government-conspiracy-revealed-government-secrets-and-cover-ups-.html

Area 51, Watergate, MK Ultra - as different as these three topics may seem, they’re all part of a series of massive government cover-ups. In the world of government conspiracies, something doesn’t have to be completely outlandish to get covered up. It just has to be kind of illegal, or at least make someone in the government look bad. For instance, whether the bomb lost near Tybee Island was an armed or unarmed nuke depends on who you ask, and who you believe.

5th Gen Warfare Psyops Insiders Briefing Manipulate Domestic American News Media - https://rumble.com/v4g8bwr-5th-gen-warfare-psyops-insiders-briefing-manipulate-domestic-american-news-.html

Have You Ever Heard Of 5th Generation Warfare? Operation Mockingbird is an alleged large-scale program of the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that began in the early years of the Cold War and attempted to manipulate domestic American news media organizations for propaganda purposes.

List Of US Government Operation.
Project Bluebird (1947-1951): A precursor to MKUltra, focused on exploring the use of hypnosis and other techniques to extract information from prisoners of war.

Project Artichoke (1951-1954): A project that aimed to develop techniques for extracting information from prisoners of war using drugs and other methods.

Project MKUltra (1953-1964): The main project, which involved the use of LSD, hypnosis, and other techniques to control human behavior.

Project MKSearch (1953-1964): A project that aimed to develop techniques for using LSD and other drugs to extract information from prisoners of war.

Project MKOFTEN (1953-1964): A project that aimed to develop techniques for using LSD and other drugs to control human behavior.

Operation Midnight Climax (1953-1964): A CIA operation that involved using prostitutes to lure men to CIA “safe houses” where they were given LSD and other drugs without their knowledge or consent.

Operation Paperclip (1947-1952): A CIA operation that involved recruiting thousands former SS Nazi scientists-engineers to work for US government.

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