JJ Medicine

Gabapentin Weird Side Effects (Skin, Psychological, Eyes) Gabapentin is a medication used to treat partial seizures and post-herpetic neuralgia. It is a GABA analog, and since GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter, it acts as GABA to inhibit neuronal activity in general. However, due to this mechanism, gabapentin can cause a wide variety of side effects, which we discuss in this lesson. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493228/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21612983/ **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Stomach Cancer Signs and Symptoms | Clinical Manifestations of Gastric Cancer Stomach cancer (Gastric Cancer) is the 5-6th most common cancer worldwide, and is the 3-4th most deadly cancer. Stomach cancer can cause a variety of signs and symptoms due to a cancerous mass growing within the stomach, which can reduce the space within the stomach, cause bleeding in the stomach and other issues as well. In this lesson, we discuss the most common signs and symptoms of Stomach cancer, and also important specific findings. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459142/ **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Gonorrhea Signs and Symptoms & Complications (& Why They Occur) Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by infection with the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhea. Gonorrhea is the second most common STI, and it commonly co-occurs with Chlamydia infections. In this lesson, we discuss the signs and symptoms of Gonorrheal infections and why they occur, including important complications of infection that can have long-lasting effects on the patient. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558903/ **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Hyperemesis Gravidarum (Pregnancy Nausea): Risks, Symptoms, Complications, Diagnosis, Treatment Hyperemesis Gravidarum is an obstetrical condition involving excessive and intractable nausea and vomiting that occurs during pregnancy. Multiple factors increase the likelihood of having this condition including hyperthyroidism, obesity and having a twin or triplet pregnancy. The exact underlying cause is not entirely known but it is believed to be due to high levels of particular hormones. In this lesson, we discuss the signs and symptoms and when they occur, including important complications, how it’s diagnosed and how it’s treated. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: StatPearls - "Hyperemesis Gravidarum" (2023) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532917/ MedScape (2023) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/254751-overview **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) | 5 Lifestyle Behaviors That Reduce Risk & Improve Symptoms Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder involving chronic and recurrent abdominal pain and changes in bowel habit. Some of the hallmark clinical features of IBS include abdominal pain that co-occurs with changes in bowel habit, which includes diarrhea, constipation or an alternating of the two. In this lesson, we discuss 5 lifestyle behaviors that reduce the risk of IBS and also (likely) improve the signs and symptoms of IBS if you already have it. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7284419/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38378250/ **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri) | Risk Factors, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (also known as Pseudotumor Cerebri) is a neurological condition involving increased intracranial pressure without a known cause. The etiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is unknown; however, it is believed to be due to a factor that either increases production of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) or reduces the absorption of CSF, leading to more CSF within the central nervous system and causing increased intracranial pressure. In this lesson, we discuss the signs and symptoms of this condition (including papilledema), how it’s diagnosed and how it’s treated. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536924/#:~:text=Pseudotumor%20cerebri%20(PTC)%2C%20also,cerebrospinal%20fluid%20(CSF)%20studies. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1214410-overview **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Kidney Cancer (Renal Cell Carcinoma) Signs and Symptoms (& Why They Occur) Renal Cell Carcinoma is the most common cancer of the kidney in adult patients. There are many risk factors for getting Renal Cell Carcinoma, including cigarette smoking, hypertension, obesity, multiple episodes of kidney stones, and exposures to chemicals including trichloroethylene. In this lesson, we discuss the signs and symptoms of Renal Cell Carcinoma and why they occur. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/281340-clinical https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558975/ **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Causes of Iron-Deficiency Anemia | Dietary, Losses & Utilization Iron-Deficiency Anemia is the one of most common blood conditions globally and is the most common type of anemia. Iron is acquired from our diets, and iron deficiency can occur from decreased dietary intake, increased losses and increased utilization. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Default Mode Network (of the Brain): Brain Structures, Functions & Associations with Psychopathology The Default Mode Network of the brain is an important pattern of brain activation (activation of certain brain structures) that occurs during states of “rest”, wherein an individual allows their minds to wander or think about past memories or future plans. In this lesson, we discuss the Default Mode Network in more detail, including the important functions it appertains to, and also the issues that can arise if the Default Mode Network is not functioning properly. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201740 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25938726/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27917679/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33483717/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37261927/#:~:text=The%20default%20mode%20network%20(DMN,tendency%20to%20ruminate%20in%20MDD. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

DISCLAIMER: EVIDENCE PRESENTED HERE IS FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL PURPORSES ONLY. EVIDENCE FOR DIM IS PRELIMINARY AND IS NOT TO BE USED AS A TREATMENT OR PREVENTIVE APPROACH TO THE CONDITIONS DESCRIBED IN THIS LECTURE. PLEASE CONSULT WITH YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER REGARDING USE OF DIM. Diindolylmethane (DIM) | Dietary Sources, Hormone Regulation, & Potential Health Benefits (PCOS, Obesity) Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a metabolite of the phytochemical indole-3-carbinol (I3C), which is found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower. DIM has been studied and found to have some beneficial biological effects, especially on estrogen hormone levels, which may play a beneficial role in improving symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity and risk of particular cancers. I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one! JJ REFERENCES: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5059820/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28586165/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6795059/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25048790/ **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome (CVS) | Causes, Triggers (Dietary), Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome (CVS) is a chronic, functional gastrointestinal disorder involving paroxysmal and recurrent episodes of nausea and vomiting. The underlying etiology is unknown, but it is known that CVS is highly associated with migraine headaches and chronic fatigue syndrome. In this lesson, we discuss the proposed pathophysiological mechanisms behind CVS, certain emotional and dietary factors that trigger episodes, the signs and symptoms, how it’s diagnosed and how it’s treated. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Colon Cancer Weird Symptoms (& Why They Occur) PLEASE NOTE: The bacteria that causes endocarditis and bacteremia in Colon cancer is streptococcus bovis or streptococcus gallolyticus NOT staphylococcus (as written in the slide). Sorry for the confusion! Colorectal carcinoma (Colon Cancer) is the 3rd to 4th most common type of cancer, that is more likely to occur in older patients, those with a family history of colorectal cancer and in those with a history of inflammatory bowel disease. Colon cancer causes a variety of signs and symptoms, including weird and atypical findings we don’t often think about. In this lesson, we discuss what these “weird” signs and symptoms are and why they occur. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Congestive Heart Failure Signs & Symptoms (& Why They Occur) Congestive Heart Failure is a heart condition involving the inability to pump blood effectively due to issues with myocardial functioning. In this lesson, we discuss the signs and symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure and why they occur. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

How to Reduce Risk of Dementia (& Preserve and Improve Memory) | 7 Ways to Reduce Risk of Dementia Our memories decline precipitously with age, with the decline beginning even starting around the age of 30. This age-related memory decline can be gradually and mild, or in some cases may be more severe, depending on our lifestyles and health habits. Age-related memory decline is not the same as dementia, which is a significant cognitive decline resulting in the inability to perform particular life tasks, including doing your own finances or cooking on your own. In this lesson, we discuss 7 different lifestyle and health habits that can preserve our memory and also reduce the risk for dementia. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Coffee and the Brain (including Default Mode Network) Coffee is a popular beverage that is derived from coffee beans, which are actually seeds of the coffea plant. Coffee is known is contain a high number of bioactive compounds, including caffeine but also important antioxidants like caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid. In this lesson, we discuss new research looking at the effects of caffeine and coffee (including other non-caffeine substances in coffee) on brain activity and functioning. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Metformin: 3 Important Considerations to Look Out For Metformin is a medication used to reduce or lower blood glucose levels, which is useful for treating type 2 diabetes and also helping resolve symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome. Metformin reduces blood glucose levels via at least 3 mechanisms, including reducing gluconeogenesis in the liver, reducing absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract, and also increasing activation of the insulin receptor (increases insulin sensitivity). In this lesson, we discuss 3 important considerations to make when taking metformin, including who should not take it, what not to do when taking metformin and also nutritional deficiencies that can occur in metformin users. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Metformin & Herbal Medications | 6 Herbal Interactions to Avoid Metformin is a medication used to reduce or lower blood glucose levels, which is useful for treating type 2 diabetes and also helping resolve symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome. Metformin reduces blood glucose levels via at least 3 mechanisms, including reducing gluconeogenesis in the liver, reducing absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract, and also increasing activation of the insulin receptor (increases insulin sensitivity). In this lesson, we discuss 6 herbal medications you should avoid when taking metformin. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Berberine (Nature’s Ozempic?) | Weight Loss & Metabolism Findings, Mechanism of Action, Side Effects Berberine is a herbal medication that has been gaining popularity online as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Berberine has been thus described as “Nature’s Ozempic”, as it may have similar weight loss effects as Ozempic. However, Berberine has a completely different biochemical mechanism compared to Ozempic, which we discuss in this lesson. Furthermore, research does describe potential weight loss benefits and other metabolic health-related findings of Berberine that we also discuss in detail in this lesson. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Cluster Headaches Symptoms, Associated Issues & Triggers Cluster headaches are a primary neurovascular headache disorder involving “groups” or “clusters” of headache episodes that occur over a certain period of time. Cluster headaches are more likely to occur in smokers and also in those who have a family history of cluster headaches. Cluster headache episodes occur in a particular way, with varying frequency, and have many associated issues that co-occur with them. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Essential Tremor | Causes, Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms, Exacerbating Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment Essential Tremor is a movement disorder involving involuntary action and postural tremors of the upper extremities and other parts of the body. The underlying cause or etiology of Essential Tremor is not entirely understood, but it is believed to be due to issues in the brain stem and/or in the cerebellum of the brain. Essential Tremor differs in important ways with other types of tremors, including those that occur in Parkinson’s disease, which we will discuss in this lesson. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Blepharitis (Eyelid Inflammation) | Causes, Risk Factors, Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment Blepharitis is a group of conditions involving inflammation of one or both eyelids. It can be associated with a variety of systemic conditions, including rosacea and seborrheic dermatitis and is also more likely to occur if patients wear contact lenses or have diabetes. In this lesson, we discuss the different types of blepharitis, how it occurs, the signs and symptoms, how it is diagnosed and how it is treated. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (Ciguatoxin) | Symptoms (Numb Feet, Diarrhea), Diagnosis, Treatment Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (also known as Ciguatoxin Poisoning) is an food-borne illness caused by the ingestion of marine neurotoxins known as ciguatoxins, which can be found in the tissues of fish, especially those from tropical and subtropical locations. These ciguatoxins are produced by a dinoflagellate known as gambierdiscus toxicus, which produces a variety of marine toxins. Ciguatoxins are colorless, odorless and tasteless and are therefore undetectable by people who are eating the contaminated fish. Once inside the body, these ciguatoxins act on voltage-gated sodium channels in the central nervous system, leading to a host of neurological findings, including paresthesias. Although it is necessary to have laboratory investigation to confirm the diagnosis, most cases are diagnosed clinically by history and physical examination. There is no cure for ciguatoxin poisoning, and the treatment consists of managing symptoms and other complications. **MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

Acute Pancreatitis Signs & Symptoms (& Why They Occur) Acute Pancreatitis is an acute inflammation of the pancreatitis, which can be caused by a large variety of factors including heavy alcohol consumption, smoking, hypertriglyceridemia, and gallstones. In this lesson, we discuss the signs and symptoms of acute pancreatitis and why those signs and symptoms occur.

Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and anginal chest pain. It acts to inhibit or “block” the voltage-gated L-type calcium channels, reducing vasoconstriction and promoting vasodilation to lower blood pressure. However, due to this mechanism, amlodipine can cause a wide variety of side effects, which we discuss in this lesson.

Bacillus Cereus (Reheated Rice Syndrome) | Food Poisoning, Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment Bacillus cereus is a gram positive bacteria that is a common cause of food poisoning, a condition that can be referred to as ‘Reheated Rice Syndrome’ due to the fact that many cases can be from contaminated rice dishes. In this lesson, we discuss the common foods that can be contaminated by Bacillus cereus, including the types of infection from Bacillus cereus, the signs and symptoms, how it’s diagnosed and how it’s treated.