Crecganford

Where did JRR Tolkien get his influences and inspiration from for his books? Particularly The Lord of the Rings, The Hobbit, and The Silmarillion? This video will look into these and pick out the key cultures and stories Tolkien used to create his fantasy universe. 🧡 Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ 🎭 Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford 🌍🌏🌎 Please respect other's cultures and beliefs. Racism, discrimination or threatening speech will not be tolerated. For those interested in purchasing Antony Cummin's book "The Ultimate Unofficial Guide to Tolkien's World", these are the links; USA BARNS AND NOBLE use this link; https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-ultimate-unofficial-guide-to-tolkiens-world-antony-cummins/1143353829?ean=9781786787781 Amazon US; https://www.amazon.com/Ultimate-Unofficial-Guide-Tolkiens-World/dp/1786787784/ref=sr_1_1?crid=D3117RFSW8U2&keywords=tolkien+cummins&qid=1697832104&sprefix=%2Caps%2C207&sr=8-1 Amazon UK; https://www.amazon.co.uk/Ultimate-Unofficial-Guide-Tolkiens-World/dp/1786787784/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3FB62CINV1NAO&keywords=tolkien+cummins&qid=1697832237&sprefix=tolkien+cummins%2Caps%2C218&sr=8-1 📚 References Cummins, Antony (2023). The Ultimate Unofficial Guide to Tolkien's World. Watkins. Hammond, Wayne and Scull, Christina (2014). The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion. Harper Collins Zimbardo, Rose and Isaacs, Neil (2004). Understanding the Lord of the Rings. Horton Mifflin Company Tolkien, JRR's work including Beowulf, Sigurd and Gudrun, Finn and Hengist, The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, The Silmarillion. Harper Collins. 📑 Chapters 0:00 Introduction 0:52 Tolkien's Books 4:20 Tolkien's Creation Myth 12:15 Tolkien's Cosmology 17:30 Hobbits 18:14 Elves 19:05 Dwarves (Dwarfs) 20:19 Men 21:45 Magical Creatures and Weapons 23:41 A Farewell to Magic

Soma, Hoama, The Mead of Poetry, it has many names, but there was a drink within Indo-European culture that allowed you to understand magic, to talk to the gods, to feel immortal. Welcome to the story of the drink that changed religion. Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford ► References Immortality Key Allegro, John. The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross ► Chapters 0:00 Introduction 2:24 The Mead of Poetry 6:05 The Influences within the Story 9:46 The Mead of Poetry continued 14:48 Further influences in the Story 17:37 Libations within Indo-European texts 23:03 Why a Magical Mead 26:48 Psychedelics within the Mead 34:20 The Influence of Soma, Hoama, and Magical Mead

How did our Indo-European ancestors think of death? Where did they go? How did they get there? Who ruled this world? But most importantly who decided when they would die? Here I present the mythology around death and the Indo-European Goddess that was a representation of it, Kolyo the Coverer. Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford ► References Güntert, H. Kalypso - Studies of the history of meaning in the field of Indo-European languages. 1919 Lincoln, B. Death, War, and Sacrifice. The University of Chicago Press. 1991 Chapters 0:00 Introduction 1:03 Who were the Indo-Europeans? 2:54 Indo-European Cosmology 8:31 How the Indo-Europeans viewed Death 11:27 The King of the Otherworld 15:17 What was the Otherworld? 21:57 The Goddess of Death 25:25 The Bonds of Death 33:33 The Journey to Death

Some heroes do things that the chief God doesn't approve of, despite being popular amongst the people. The stories are found within the myths of the "Chained Heroes", stories such as Prometheus, stories that have a darker side than most realize. Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford ► References “Iran and the Caucasus” Journal. Brill. Movsaēs Xorenac‘i, Patmut‘iwn Hayoc‘, ed. M. Abełean and S. Yarut‘iwnean, Tiflis, 1913; repr., New York, 1981; Yerevan, 1991 (with additional collations of MSS by A. B. Sargsean).

Where did the expression "your head is in the clouds" or "your head is in cloud cuckoo land" come from? This will answer this question.

Where did the phrase "and pigs might fly" originate... #shorts #mythology #flyingpigs

Unlock the secrets of the ancient world as we journey through the sands of time, comparing the awe-inspiring civilizations of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia! 🌍✨ Dive deep into their mystical religions, monumental architectures, and pioneering systems of writing. As the mighty Nile meets the tumultuous Tigris and Euphrates, discover the intertwined destinies of two of history's most fascinating cultures. Subscribe and join us on this captivating exploration — where pyramids meet ziggurats and pharaohs meet kings! 🏺🔍 #AncientCivilizations #EgyptVsMesopotamia #HistoryRevealed #Egyptian #mythology Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ Podcast Link ► Spotify: Link will be posted soon Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford ► References Wilkinson, Toby (2016). Writings from Ancient Egypt Naville, Edouardo (2022). Texts relating to the Myth of Horus collected in the Temple of Edfu Kurth, Dieter (1994). Edfu Van Den Dungen, Wim (2018). Ancient Egyptian Readings

The reason why protestants are called protestants... #shorts #protestant #catholic #christians #martinluther

The story of the origin of the phrase "The Kiss of Death" #shorts #judas #jesus #kissofdeath

A look at where the saying "Escaped by the Skin of my Teeth" comes from...

The information is taken from the paper "Ultraconserved words point to deep language ancestry across Eurasia" by Pagel, Atkinson, and Claude. May 2013.

The gods of our ancestors were not immortal, they had fears, and in this video we will talk about some of their biggest fears. Figures in mythology that had immense power, power to destroy a god. Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ Podcast Link ► Spotify: Link will be posted soon Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford ► References Aeschylus. (458 BC). Eumenides. Armstrong, K. (2005). A Short History of Myth. Burkert, W. (1985). Greek Religion. Campbell, J. (2008). The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Clunies Ross, M. (1994). Prolonged Echoes: Old Norse myths in medieval Northern society. University of Odense Press. Coburn, T. B. (1991). Encountering the Goddess: A Translation of the Devi-Mahatmya and a Study of Its Interpretation. State University of New York Press. Dalley, S. (2008). Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, The Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others. Oxford University Press. Eliade, M. (1978). Myth and Reality. Faulkes, A. (Ed.) (1995). Edda. Everyman. Fontenrose, J. (1959). Python: A study of Delphic myth and its origins. University of California Press. Foster, B. R. (2005). Before the Muses: An Anthology of Akkadian Literature. CDL Press. Gantz, T. (1993). Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources. Johns Hopkins University Press. Hawley, J. S., & Wulff, D. M. (Eds.). (1996). Devi: Goddesses of India. University of California Press. Hesiod. (circa 700 BC). Theogony. Kinsley, D. (1986). Hindu Goddesses: Visions of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Tradition. University of California Press. Kirk, G. S. (1970). Myth: Its meaning and functions in ancient and other cultures. University of California Press. Leick, G. (2002). Mesopotamia: The Invention of the City. Penguin. Lindow, J. (2001). Norse Mythology: A Guide to Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Oxford University Press. Puhvel, J. (1987). Comparative Mythology. Sourvinou-Inwood, C. (2003). Tragedy and Athenian Religion. Lexington Books. Sturluson, S. (1995). Edda. (A. Faulkes, Trans.). Everyman. West, M. L. (1988). Hesiod: Theogony and Works and Days. Oxford University Press.

A paper just published https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abg0818 talks about new (or more confident) origins of the PIE language!

When I made my videos about Odin, and in a desperate bid to try and get people to watch my work when I only had a thousand subscribers, I hired an impersonator to read the Havamal in the style of Morgan Freeman. It's quite a pleasent listen. #mythology #havamal #odin #viking #morgan #freeman #morganfreeman

Dragons used to be nice and life giving creatures, so why are they portrayed as princess stealing monsters... #shorts #mythology #dragon #dragons #princesses #princess

There was a time in myths when humans were immortal, and this is how we lost this gift. The original video where I tell this story can be found here; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4Kyv2xxatY #mythology #immortality

The Earth Diver motif within a creation myth is one of the oldest creation myths we know, probably over 80,000 and prehaps even as old as 130,000 years. I have a long form video of it here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZmEro_ODqc #creation #mythology #earthdiver

How did the world of the Vikings come to be? Well here is the story squeezed into a 50 second video... if you want to know more about this then watch my videos #mythology #oldnorse #nordic #creation #myth

What is the Oldest Story in the World? For a full documentary about it watch this https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANRw-3C_MYA #shorts #mythology #cosmichunt

The Earth Diver Creation Myth is one of the oldest myths we know, and we find it around Eastern Europe, but it has changed, evolved. In this video we will look at how and why the myth ended up here and became the creation myth of much of this region. This is a link to @Crowhag 's video: https://youtu.be/yjntTgoQIDw Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ Podcast Link ► Spotify: Link will be posted soon Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford ► References Mátéffy. 2014. The Earth-¬Diver: Hungarian Variants of the Myth of the Dualistic Creation of the World—Pearls in the Primeval Sea of World Creation. Kálmány Lajos. 1893. Világunk alakulásai nyelvhagyományainkban. Mvthológiai tanulmány [Formation of the World in Our Language Traditions. Mythological study], Szeged: Bába Sándor könyvsajtója. Vargyas Lajos. 1947. Keleti elemek a magyar néphitben [Oriental Elements in the Hungarian Folk Beliefs). Antiquitas Hungarica I (1), 81-83. Vargyas Lajos. 1977. Honfoglalás előtti keleti elemek a magyar folklórban [Oriental Elements in the Hungarian Folklore Originating from the Time before the Conquest], Történelmi Szemle XX (1), 107-121. Nagy, Ilona. 2007. Neuentdeckte Apokryphen und die Folklore. Der Gebratene Hahn Kräht. Acta Ethnographica Hungarica, 52 (2), pp. 287–327 Marian, Simeon Florea. 1904: Legendele Maicii Domnului. Studiu folkloristic. Bucureşti: Ediţiunea Academiei Române Dähnhardt, Oskar. 1907. Natursagen. Eine Sammlung naturdeutende Sagen, Märchen, Fabeln und Legenden Dragomanov, M. P. 1961. Notes on the Slavic Religio-Ethical Legends: The Dualistic Creation of the World. Translated by Earl W. COUNT. Bloomington, Indiana University Mouton, The Hage, The Netherlands. /Indiana University Publications. Russian and East European Series, vol. 23. Geller, Florentina Badalanova. 2014. Cosmogonies and Mythopoesis in the Balkans and Beyond. Slavia Meridionalis 14, 2014 Vizual, Saeculum. 2004. Mitologie Românească. Contact: ► Send Mail to: » hello@crecganford.com ► Business enquires: » biz@crecganford.com (Business Inquiries ONLY) Chapters ---------------------------------- 0:00 Introduction 3:36 The Earth Diver Creation Myth 7:07 Research behind the Video 13:13 Transylvania 17:36 Romanian 19:56 Bulgarian 29:09 Hungry 32:50 Hungry (Early Version) 36:39 Macedonia 40:20 Ukraine 42:03 Yazid Culture 46:50 Analysis and Conclusion

Are you ready to travel back many thousands of years in time, to before the time of farming, before temples were built for worship, before gods were personified, in fact before there were gods. In this video we will journey back to see if we can see how religion was formed, and what beliefs made it all happen. ► Video References (Descriptions contain further references): The Creation Myths of the Near East: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyQEgaGKwsk The Oldest Creation Myth: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZmEro_ODqc The Origins of Genesis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HlWXsGpYAno The Origins of the Flood Myth: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0MsAlR_Ltsc The True History of Dragons: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwDPt1E4_Cg ► References specifically for this videos new content: Sala, N. et al. 2022. Taphonomic-forensic analysis of the hominin skulls from the Sima de los Huesos. The Anatomical Record. Bacon, B. et al. 2023. An Upper Palaeolithic Proto-writing System and Phenological Calendar. Cambridge University Press. Berger, L. et al. 2023. Evidence for deliberate burial of the dead by Homo naledi. bioRxiv. Martinón-Torres, M. 2021. Earliest known human burial in Africa. Nature, 593, 95-100. Lbova, L. 2021. The Siberian Paleolithic site of Mal'ta: a unique source for the study of childhood archaeology. Cambridge University Press. Rasmussen, M. 2014. The genome of a Late Pleistocene human from a Clovis burial site in western Montana. Nature, 506, 225-229. Becerra-Valdiva, L. 2018. Reassessing the chronology of the archaeological site of Anzick. PNAS, 155. Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ Podcast Link ► Spotify: Link will be posted soon Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford Contact: ► Send Mail to: » hello@crecganford.com ► Business enquires: » biz@crecganford.com (Business Inquiries ONLY) Chapters ----------------------- 0:00 Introduction 3:58 Origins of the Abrahamic Religions 12:00 Origins of Religions from Mesopotamia and the Near East 20:23 Origins of Egyptian Religion 23:49 Origins of the Indo-European Religions 33:29 Origin of Buddhism 34:10 The Catalyst for Modern Religion 43:09 From Nomads to Settlers 52:20 Hunter-Gatherers 57:56 Animism and Shamanism 1:00:44 Pre-Historic Art 1:07:30 Burial Rituals 1:14:07 Other Archaeological Evidence 1:17:26 Evidence from Mythology 1:25:10 Our Earliest Beliefs 1:30:51 Reviewing the Evidence for the Earliest Beliefs 1:41:19 The Findings and Conclusion

Joseph Campbell's "The Hero with a Thousand Faces" is a book which tries to link all the stories in the world together, and in this video I will look at this narrative framework, examine how it compares to Carl Jung's ideas, and explain what makes it good, and what the issues are with it. I also want to thank @Crowhag for her input, it was especially useful in this video. References: Apollonius Rhodius. "Argonautica". Bhattacharya, D. (2019). "Yudhishthira and dharma". In "Mahabharata and Inter-Asian Cultures: Transmissions, Adaptations, Performances and Histories". Campbell, J. (1949). The Hero with a Thousand Faces. New York: Pantheon Books. Davidson, H. R. E. (1982). Scandinavian Mythology. London: Paul Hamlyn. Dowden, K. (1992). The Uses of Greek Mythology. London: Routledge. Green, M. (1992). "Celtic Myths". University of Texas Press. Hiltebeitel, A. (2011). Dharma: Its Early History in Law, Religion, and Narrative. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Jung, C. G. (1959). The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Kesti, Tutta (2007). Heroes of Middle-Earth: J. Campbell’s Monomyth in J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings (1954-1955), A Pro Gradu Thesis in English, Department of Languages. University of Jyväskylä Littleton, C. S. (1973). The New Comparative Mythology: An Anthropological Assessment of the Theories of Georges Dumézil. University of California Press. Mallory, J. P. (1989). In Search of the Indo-Europeans: Language, Archaeology, and Myth. Thames and Hudson. Sturluson, S. "Prose Edda". Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford ► Mythology Database: » https://www.mythologydatabase.com/ Podcast Link ► Spotify: Link will be posted soon Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford Contact: ► Send Mail to: » hello@crecganford.com ► Business enquires: » biz@crecganford.com (Business Inquiries ONLY)

To understand Human Sacrifice means understanding the sacrificial ritual and feast within those Indo-European Cultures that performed it, and to do this we must also understand Proto Indo-European Cosmogony and the Creation Myth. In this video we look at Society, Butchers, Sacrifice, and Philosophy to see how it brings all this together. This video does discuss sensitive topics such as human and animal sacrifice, and so please avoid watching if such topics will upset you. References: Information on the society is all taken from Walter Arnold, The life and death of the Sublime Society of Steaks (London: Bradbury, Evans, 81 Co., 1871).Bella Gallico 6.14. S.F. Nadel, Nupe religion (New York: Schocken, 1970), pp. 73-74. Godfrey Lienhardt, Divinity and Experience: The religion of the Dinka (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1961), p. 23-24, 233-234 J. Goody, Cooking, cuisine, and class (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982), p. 91. M. Eliade. Eternal Myth B. Lincoln. Myth, Cosmos and Society Podcast Link ► Spotify: Link will be posted soon Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford Contact: ► Send Mail to: » hello@crecganford.com ► Business enquires: » biz@crecganford.com (Business Inquiries ONLY) Chapters ------------------------------------------------------------- 0:00 Introduction 3:38 The Sublime Society for Beef Steaks 8:38 Hierarchy in Feasts and Sacrifice 13:13 Indo-European Cosmogony 33:31 Butchers and Philosophy

Join me as we delve into the fascinating and complex world of sacrifice, and particularly human sacrifice, within Indo-European cultures in this enlightening video. We explore the multifaceted aspects of sacrifice, from its symbolic importance in restoring cosmic order and renewal to its functional role in reinforcing social cohesion and power structures. In this journey through ancient practices, we uncover the unique relationship between sacrifice and the creation myths of Indo-European cultures. We draw parallels with the primordial beings Yemo, Ymir, Gayōmart, Yama, or Yima, and reveal how these stories intertwine with the concepts of sacrifice. This video discusses the critical yet often overlooked perspectives on sacrifice, examining how these practices could have reinforced social hierarchies and gender roles. We also ponder the psychological impact of sacrifice on individuals involved in these rituals, and how the evolution of societies led to the decline of such practices. Most importantly, we reflect on the altruistic aspect of self-sacrifice and its relevance in our modern world, where the quest for order and balance often demands sacrifices of a different kind. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ I would like to thank my dear friend @Crowhag for her contribution regarding the topic of sacrifice in Thracian culture. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Podcast Link ► Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/7xEBXwCgceJaRtBC7sQF5a?si=71c9f5f1b63b4ed0 Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford Contact: ► Send Mail to: » hello@crecganford.com ► Business enquires: » biz@crecganford.com (Business Inquiries ONLY)

The Journey to the Underworld Motif appears in much mythology, but there are differences, alongside similarities that spread across thousands of miles, cultures, and years. This video looks into this motif, tells many versions of myth, including Persephone, Adonis, Inanna, and Baldr's, and talks about them in context. Podcast Link ► Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0o7QzuZXw4JInhSHwe4l4F?si=93cbbbd7847246f8 Social Media: ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/crecganford ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crecganford ► Facebook Fan Page: https://facebook.com/crecganford Patreon: ► Join the Patreon: » https://www.patreon.com/crecganford Contact: ► Send Mail to: » hello@crecganford.com ► Business enquires: » biz@crecganford.com (Business Inquiries ONLY)