Seeker Land

ALL CREDITS ARE LISTED BELOW... Music: THE RIPPER by Dhruva Aliman- Amazon - https://amzn.to/3ex2DEb - https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 - https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/neptunes-overtone - http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ - Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet - Video Clips- Dancing Merengue Dog kangaroo vs man Kung Fu Bear in Japan! (UNEDITED) Man Gored to Death During Bull Fight Festival Bull Flips Guy Over Crazy Ass Goose! How to swim with and hug a shark - BBC wildlife Dog Attack Shark NEW halo the pool playing dog is back for more (Original) Elephant Paints Self Portrait Dolphin Sex with human 2 Funny dolphin Lizard jumps on reporter SNAKE BOY, HUGS, KISSES AND SLEEPS WITH GIANT PYTHON Swimming with a Manta Ray- Shark Therapy - Big Sharks- BBC Wildlife Insane dolphin stunt at Mundomar Mara Torres Júpiter y Ana Julia La2N African Lions Accept Man As One of Their Own Patches the Coolest Horse Music End Credits: Slave and Rose by Dhruva Aliman #animals #funny # compilation

See all my Travel videos here - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLHDNI38HpasQMdimkQmb3-C59FKiZNamy - Instagram @DhruvaAliman ~ https://www.instagram.com/dhruvaaliman …Punta Cana is a Cabo located east of the Dominican Republic, in the province of La Altagracia, near Bavaro; which borders on the north with the Arena Gorda Beach, where it is followed by the Uvero Alto and El Cortecito, ending with the seasides of Punta Cana and Juanito. Is one of the favorite places for people who like to vacation in the Dominican Republic and the Caribbean. It has beautiful landscapes and a great number of tourist attractions. Macao Beach -- Ideal for surfing for the direction of the wind. One of the few seafronts that has coconut trees. It was declared by UNESCO as one of the best beaches in the Caribbean. Its average temperature is 27 degrees Celsius. Excursions in Macao Beach You can venture and have a stroke of Adrenaline with the buggy rides or with other packages such as Terracross, surfing and a visit to the cave of Macao. You can find several tours plans for one person, two or four, so no one in the family can stay. Bavaro Beach-- It is very known in this zone, clear waters and beautiful palm trees make an extraordinary panorama.It has also been recognized by UNESCO as one of the three best beaches in the world. This seashore is located on the Costa del Coco, its territory covers 40 kilometers for the enjoyment of its visitors. If you are wondering how to get there, head south-east from the capital to La Altagracia province, passing through San Pedro de Macorís and La Romana. It is also very close to the Punta Cana airport. A perfect excursion for to do in this seaside is the Parasailing. This tour is available for hotels in Bavaro and Punta Cana. This activity is perfect for all the family and friends. You can choose it for a full day or as a short adventure. Music Tracks: 1. Twilight Streets - 2. Lover’s Cove - 3. Jujitsu Flow - 4. SOS by Dhruva Aliman Amazon Music - https://amzn.to/2B9tGa7 Apple Music - https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortunes http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ #travel #vacation #explore

Links to other adventures below… This tour of Medellin includes El Poblado, Laureles, El Centro, Parque Lleras, Comuna 13, Parque Poblado, Masaya Hostel, LA 70, Calle 10, Cable Car Metro System, Parque Arvi, Helecho Vegan Sushi, and other vegetarian restaurants around town....ALL MY TRAVEL VIDEOS IN LINK BELOW - Includes Thailand, Bahamas, Israel, Dominican Republic, Colombia, Amsterdam, Los Angeles, New York City, and more. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFsEXq1yTDg&list=PLHDNI38HpasQMdimkQmb3-C59FKiZNamy&ab_channel=DhruvaAlimanAdventures My Music— Amazon - https://amzn.to/3poi0WV Apple - https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 Bandcamp - https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortunes Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet Website - http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/dhruvaaliman/ #travel #explore #tour

Amazing compilation of craziest lightning close calls. Stay Safe! Music: Here Today Gone Tomorrow by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 Apple Music - https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 - Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet - Bandcamp - https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ #Lightning #CloseCall #Compilation

The Hunter Biden Laptop Story - Starring, the Deniers: Joe Biden, Lesley Stahl, Rachel Maddow, Brian Stelter, Nina Jankowicz, Brian Williams, Peter Strzok, James Clapper, Mark Zuckerberg, Stephen Colbert, 51 Intelligence Officials, FBI, NPR, 60 Minutes, CNN, MSNBC, Facebook, Twitter, New York Times,…And Truth Tellers: Trump, Miranda Devine, Tucker Carlson, Greg Gutfeld, Joe Rogan, New York Post and more! …Another Case Against 'Misinformation' Bans. It's become popular in certain political and media circles to say social media must clamp down harder on false information. Some lawmakers have even threatened tech companies with severe consequences for failing to stop the spread of fake news. But the idea that these companies could ever do this adequately is laughable—something driven home by new reporting on Hunter Biden's laptop. Back in October 2020, the New York Post first reported on the laptop—allegedly left by President Joe Biden's son at a computer repair shop and containing emails about Hunter's work for Ukrainian energy company Burisma. The emails suggested Burisma was paying Hunter in order to get access to his dad. The story was quickly panned by prestige media and denounced by Democrats, who characterized it as an attempt to make then-candidate Joe Biden look bad and possibly another attempt by Russians to influence a U.S. presidential election. Even mentioning it to criticize it was frowned upon by some on the left. This narrative was so pervasive and persuasive that Facebook temporarily limited distribution of the Post story and Twitter briefly blocked users from sharing it entirely. Now, The New York Times—which was critical of the Post story when it came out—has published a piece backing up many of the Post's initial assertions. The story details the U.S. Department of Justice's investigation into Hunter Biden for possible violations of laws surrounding taxes, foreign lobbying, and money laundering. Federal prosecutors "had examined emails…from a cache of files that appears to have come from a laptop abandoned by Mr. Biden in a Delaware repair shop," the Times reports, before going on to describe the contents of some of these emails. These emails "were authenticated by people familiar with them and with the investigation," it says. So: A story that initially seemed dubious turned out to have been true all along. #fakenews #bias #laptopfromhell

The samurai (or bushi) were the warriors of premodern Japan. They later made up the ruling military class that eventually became the highest ranking social caste of the Edo Period (1603-1867). Samurai employed a range of weapons such as bows and arrows, spears and guns, but their main weapon and symbol was the sword. Samurai were supposed to lead their lives according to the ethic code of bushido ("the way of the warrior"). Strongly Confucian in nature, bushido stressed concepts such as loyalty to one's master, self discipline and respectful, ethical behavior. Many samurai were also drawn to the teachings and practices of Zen Buddhism. History The samurai trace their origins to the Heian Period campaigns to subdue the native Emishi people in the Tohoku Region. Around the same time, warriors were increasingly hired by wealthy landowners that had grown independent of the central government and built armies for their own protection. The two most powerful of these landowning clans, the Minamoto and Taira, eventually challenged the central government and battled each other for supremacy over the entire country. Minamoto Yoritomo emerged victorious and set up a new military government in 1192, led by the shogun or supreme military commander. The samurai would rule over Japan for most of the next 700 years. During the chaotic era of warring states in the 15th and 16th centuries, Japan splintered into dozens of independent states constantly at war with one another. Consequently, warriors were in high demand. It was also the era when ninja, warriors specialized in unconventional warfare, were most active. Many of the famous samurai movies by Kurosawa are set during this time. The country was eventually reunited in the late 1500s, and a rigid social caste system was established during the Edo Period that placed the samurai at the top, followed by the farmers, artisans and merchants respectively. During this time, the samurai were forced to live in castle towns, were the only ones allowed to own and carry swords and were paid in rice by their daimyo or feudal lords. Masterless samurai were called ronin and caused minor troubles during the 1600s. Relative peace prevailed during the roughly 250 years of the Edo Period. As a result, the importance of martial skills declined, and many samurai became bureaucrats, teachers or artists. Japan's feudal era eventually came to an end in 1868, and the samurai class was abolished a few years afterwards.

There's a book about him - The Magus of Java by Kosta Danaos on Amazon- https://amzn.to/2YC6AVG …Video from the PBS documentary "Ring of Fire" about Indonesia, Excerpt from chapter three ('East of Krakatoa') Ring of Fire: An Indonesian Odyssey. Lawrence Blair returns to the legendary Magus of Java to shoot even more mind blowing pyrokinesis footage where John Chang summons chi from his Lower Dan Tien Chakra. Electric-Eel Man John Chang aka Dynamo Jack. Mo-Pai Qigong. Magus of Java. Ring of Fire An Indonesian Odyssey. Qigong (Chi Kung) is an ancient Chinese health care system that integrates physical postures, breathing techniques and focused intention. The word Qi Gong (Chi Gung) is made up of two Chinese words. Qi is pronounced "chee" and is usually translated to mean the life force or vital-energy that flows through all things in the universe. The second word, Gong, pronounced "gung", means accomplishment, or skill that is cultivated through steady practice. Together, Qi Gong means cultivating energy, it is a system practiced for health maintenance, healing and increasing vitality. #kungfu #superpower #qigong

ALL CREDITS ARE LISTED BELOW...WITH LINKS Music: Hard To Get Along (Instrumental Version) by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 - Apple - https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 - https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along - http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ - Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet Video Clips from the following, IN ORDER-- Teddy The Asshole Cat HILARIOUS - Dog takes a dump on TV Peoria Carp Hunters II Parahawking in Nepal - Amazing! Piranha Scissors Hungry cow slobbers all over woman Parto de vaca acaba em acidente - tragedia Maria de iaciara original NEAR DEATH AT SEAWORLD Eagle Catches Fox and Wolf End Music Credits: Slave And Rose by Dhruva Aliman #funny #animals #pets

The first president of the United States, George Washington, was a Mason, along with 13 other presidents and numerous Supreme Court Justices. Benjamin Franklin published a book about Freemasonry on his own printing press. Nine signers of the Declaration of Independence were Freemasons, including the man with the biggest signature: Jon Hancock... Suspected throughout their long history of plotting to overtake the world accused of fomenting revolution and reviled as devil worshippers that stole King Solomon's treasure the Freemasons claim they're merely a civic-minded fraternity bound together by harmless rituals. Our high-energy cocktail of dramatic reenactment expert interviews and on-location footage entertains historians Akram Elias Stephen Bullock and Brent Morris to retell the Freemasons' central myth concerning Hiram Abiff mythical builder of Jerusalem's Temple of Solomon. During construction he was killed by three workers who believed his "secret" would impart magical powers--representing the three evils against which Freemasons believe they're still struggling: ignorance fanaticism and tyranny. Today the world's 2.5 million Freemasons meet to reenact the ritual of Hiram's murder as the initiation ceremony for the main rank of Master Mason.AMERICA: Is America the creation of the Freemasons? For hundreds of years suspicions of a plot to take over America have swirled around the Freemasons the world's oldest secret society. Freemasons led the Revolution framed the Declaration of Independence and Constitution designed our nation's capitaland in the early years of the Republic grew to unmatched heights of influence and power. The untold story of the Freemasons in America reveals secret codes patterns in the sky murder and a radically new picture of the nation's Founding Fathers.

Drunk man drives car through Russian airport terminal. Footage shows car smash into a terminal and drive around as people jump out of the way and police desperately try to stop it. CCTV footage shows a grey car ploughing through snow and into the doors of the Kazan International Airport, taking several attempts to crash its way through, while policemen try to open the car doors. Separate CCTV footage from inside the airport then shows the driver, who was reportedly intoxicated at the time, proceed to drive through the building as police continue to chase it and shocked members of the public dodge its path. Finally the vehicle smashes through another door to exit the airport terminal, at which point it stops and officers are able to open the driver door. The footage then cuts off. Following the incident, Kazan Airport tweeted that no one was injured, but RT.com reports that some officers were hurt. A water pipe in the terminal was reportedly broken, causing a flood in the building, of which the total damage was estimated to be around $100,000 (£81,600). Music: Hit The Road (Instrumental) https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along Whiskey Blossom (Radio Edit) Amazon- https://amzn.to/3eAjEgC https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/what-must-be http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

In June and July 2018, a widely publicized cave rescue successfully extricated members of a junior football team trapped in Tham Luang Nang Non cave in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. Twelve members of the team, aged eleven to seventeen, and their 25-year-old assistant coach entered the cave on 23 June after football practice. Shortly afterwards, heavy rains partially flooded the cave, trapping the group inside. Efforts to locate the group were hampered by rising water levels and strong currents, and no contact was made for more than a week. The rescue effort expanded into a massive operation amid intense worldwide public interest. On 2 July, after advancing through narrow passages and muddy waters, British divers John Volanthen and Richard Stanton found the group alive on an elevated rock about 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) from the cave mouth. Rescue organizers discussed various options for extracting the group, including whether to teach them basic diving skills to enable their early rescue, wait until a new entrance was found or drilled, or wait for the floodwaters to subside at the end of the monsoon season months later. After days of pumping water from the cave system and a respite from rain, the rescue teams hastened to get everyone out before the next monsoon rain, which was expected to bring a potential 52 mm (2.0 in) of additional rainfall and was predicted to start around 11 July. Between 8 and 10 July, all of the boys and their coach were rescued from the cave by an international team. The rescue effort involved more than 10,000 people, including over 100 divers, many rescue workers, representatives from about 100 governmental agencies, 900 police officers and 2,000 soldiers, and required ten police helicopters, seven police ambulances, more than 700 diving cylinders, and the pumping of more than a billion liters of water out of the caves. There was one fatality, Saman Kunan, a 37-year-old former Thai Navy SEAL who died of asphyxiation on 6 July while returning to a staging base in the cave after delivering supplies of air.

The history of aviation is thrilling, fast, dangerous, and sometimes deadly. In pursuit of the dream of flight we have seen decades of determination and inventiveness and witnessed the birth of an amazing number of different and exotic flying machines. There are many different designs and types of power used to stay in the air, each has its own flying abilities but they all enable us to defy nature. Extreme Machines is dedicated to finding out how machines work, experience the exciting and flamboyant world of aviation. Focusing on unusual aircraft and man's most extreme methods of flying, we take a look at different ways of powering aircraft from a homebuilt plane powered with a lawnmower engine to the cutting edge technology of NASA's solar powered planes. We take a close look into the world of Vertical Take Off and Landing (VTOL) planes, specifically the infamous Harrier Jump Jet with its unique manoeuvrability and ability to take-off and land from almost anywhere.

Archaeological evidence shows that humans were taking opium and ‘magic’ mushrooms as far back as 10,000 years ago. Some scholars even believe that a few notable Greeks, like Pythagoras, couldn’t have come up with their genius theories and philosophies without some form of drug use. Texts from ancient history suggest there may be truth in these claims. This article focuses on the various drugs used in ancient culture, as well as highlighting the importance of modern day drug rehabilitation, from state funded rehab centers to luxury rehab centers . Harmal Harmal was commonly used by West Indian , Iranian and Andean cultures. Interestingly, it was recently discovered in the hair of an adult male mummy and a mummified one-year-old baby in Northern Chile. The older male was buried with snuffing trays and pipes which may have been used to consume the drug. The remains are believed to be from 800 to 1200 AD. Harmal is a flowering plant that can be converted to the chemical Harmine through a distillation process. The chemical works as a strong antidepressant and has the ability to magnify the effects of other anti-depressants. Cannabis The wider world is certainly no stranger to this drug, with thousands of cannabis legalization debates taking place across the globe. However, it has been in use for thousands of years and is believed to have been used in ancient Central and South Asia. A 2,7000-year-old grave in western china exhibits the most recent evidence of the drug being used as a psychoactive substance in ancient times; around 789 grams, or 1.7 pounds of the substance was found in the shaman’s grave. Cannabis was cultivated in the past for its hemp fiber but it has also been used as a meditation aid and painkiller by Sikhs for generations. Although cannabis is still illegal in the majority of places, there are instances of medical legalization due to its use as treatment of glaucoma and increasing the body’s appetite. Coca Leaf Coca leaf was chewed and brewed into tea for consumption by the Mayans due to its powerful stimulating effects. This was long before the idea of distilling the plant into a strong cup of coffee had been conceived. The drug is very potent: a mere 100 grams of coca plant leaves contain the daily recommended intake for vitamins, iron, phosphorous, calcium and iron. Coca leaf can be found in Medellin and other parts of Southern America. Psilocybin Psilocybin was used by Ancient people in the Saharan Desert as well as throughout Central and South American cultures. Also known as ‘magic mushrooms’, they have been found in North African murals dated anywhere from 9000 to 7000 BC. Eating magic mushrooms is known to cause nausea and hallucinations, which were warmly embraced by ancient users as they believed it offered them access to higher levels of intelligence. It is widely believed by drug history students that the hallucinations caused by magic mushrooms led to some of the most famous religious and cultural evolutions of our entire species. There are different varieties of mushroom all around the world, but one quick way users obtain them today is to grow it on cattle dung. Some shops in the Netherlands and some parts of Belgium have been known to sell magic mushrooms as well. Opium Opium is undoubtedly the most widely used drug in ancient history. The history of opium is long and complex but scholars believe it was first cultivated by Sumerians in 3400 BC. Some of the ancient users of the drug include Romans, Greeks, Indians, Egyptians, Assyrians, as well as the Sumerians. Opium is derived from the latex found in the husk of the poppy flower. This latex contains morphine which is the active ingredient in the drug. Historically, the drug was used to provide pain relief, induce sleep, cure diarrhea and even improve libido. The drug is processed into derivatives like heroin today, while the flowers can be turned into a potent tea. Afghanistan is the largest producer of opium poppies. Production levels have remained high even with present day anti-drug beliefs and middle-eastern political turmoil. Blue Lotus Blue lotus was a favorite amongst ancient Egyptians. The drug tends to put users in a more talkative, relaxed and even, in some cases, aroused mood; although modern users point to the blissful sleep it can provide as one of the key reasons for its popularity. The chief method of consumption is brewing the flowers into tea or alcohol, which enhances the potency of the active chemicals in the lotus flower. The drug is known to cause a state of mental weariness as alluded to by Homer in The Odyssey . When Odysseus consumed the plant, he lost his desire to fight the Greek gods and continue his journey back to Ithaca. Blue lotus is perhaps the most common on this list, as it can be found for sale in thousands of different locations online.

Serbian-American engineer and physicist Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) made dozens of breakthroughs in the production, transmission and application of electric power. He invented the first alternating current (AC) motor and developed AC generation and transmission technology. Though he was famous and respected, he was never able to translate his copious inventions into long-term financial success—unlike his early employer and chief rival, Thomas Edison. Nikola Tesla was born in 1856 in Smiljan, Croatia, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. His father was a priest in the Serbian Orthodox church and his mother managed the family’s farm. In 1863 Tesla’s brother Daniel was killed in a riding accident. The shock of the loss unsettled the 7-year-old Tesla, who reported seeing visions—the first signs of his lifelong mental illnesses. Did You Know? During the 1890s Mark Twain struck up a friendship with inventor Nilola Tesla. Twain often visited him in his lab, where in 1894 Tesla photographed the great American writer in one of the first pictures ever lit by phosphorescent light. Tesla studied math and physics at the Technical University of Graz and philosophy at the University of Prague. In 1882, while on a walk, he came up with the idea for a brushless AC motor, making the first sketches of its rotating electromagnets in the sand of the path. Later that year he moved to Paris and got a job repairing direct current (DC) power plants with the Continental Edison Company. Two years later he immigrated to the United States. Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison Tesla arrived in New York in 1884 and was hired as an engineer at Thomas Edison’s Manhattan headquarters. He worked there for a year, impressing Edison with his diligence and ingenuity. At one point Edison told Tesla he would pay $50,000 for an improved design for his DC dynamos. After months of experimentation, Tesla presented a solution and asked for the money. Edison demurred, saying, “Tesla, you don’t understand our American humor.” Tesla quit soon after. Nikola Tesla and Westinghouse After an unsuccessful attempt to start his own Tesla Electric Light Company and a stint digging ditches for $2 a day, Tesla found backers to support his research into alternating current. In 1887 and 1888 he was granted more than 30 patents for his inventions and invited to address the American Institute of Electrical Engineers on his work. His lecture caught the attention of George Westinghouse, the inventor who had launched the first AC power system near Boston and was Edison’s major competitor in the “Battle of the Currents.” Westinghouse hired Tesla, licensed the patents for his AC motor and gave him his own lab. In 1889 Edison arranged for a convicted New York murderer to be put to death in an AC-powered electric chair—a stunt designed to show how dangerous the Westinghouse standard could be. Buoyed by Westinghouse’s royalties, Tesla struck out on his own again. But Westinghouse was soon forced by his backers to renegotiate their contract, with Tesla relinquishing his royalty rights. In the 1890s Tesla invented electric oscillators, meters, improved lights and the high-voltage transformer known as the Tesla coil. He also experimented with X-rays, gave short-range demonstrations of radio communication two years before Guglielmo Marconi and piloted a radio-controlled boat around a pool in Madison Square Garden. Together, Tesla and Westinghouse lit the 1891 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago and partnered with General Electric to install AC generators at Niagara Falls, creating the first modern power station. Nikola Tesla’s Failures, Death and Legacy In 1895 Tesla’s New York lab burned, destroying years’ worth of notes and equipment. Tesla relocated to Colorado Springs for two years, returning to New York in 1900. He secured backing from financier J.P. Morgan and began building a global communications network centered on a giant tower at Wardenclyffe, on Long Island. But funds ran out and Morgan balked at Tesla’s grandiose schemes. Tesla lived his last decades in a New York hotel, working on new inventions even as his energy and mental health faded. His obsession with the number three and fastidious washing were dismissed as the eccentricities of genius. He spent his final years feeding—and, he claimed, communicating with—the city’s pigeons. Tesla died in his room on January 7, 1943. Later that year the U.S. Supreme Court voided four of Marconi’s key patents, belatedly acknowledging Tesla’s innovations in radio. The AC system he championed and improved remains the global standard for power transmission. #Documentary #Tesla #Knowledge

During the growth of the ancient civilizations, ancient technology was the result from advances in engineering in ancient times. These advances in the history of technology stimulated societies to adopt new ways of living and governance. Incredible Ancient Machines Invented By Hero Of Alexandria – An Engineer Far Ahead Of His Time - Little is known about Hero of Alexandria except that he was a remarkable ancient engineer far ahead of his time. He invented several sophisticated machines which demonstrate his vast knowledge in mechanics. Hero also called Heron, was a Greek mathematician. The date of his birth remains uncertain. Some authorities place his birthday early 150 BCE in Ptolemaic, Egypt. Other scholars date his birth to be 250 CE in late Roman Empire. As a student, Hero spent most of his time in the Library at the University of Alexandria. He loved to be in the library, because of the series of gardens vast collection of books. Hero was strongly influenced by the writings of Ctesibius of Alexandria. It is possible he was a student of Ctesibius. When older he taught at the University of Alexandria, and taught mathematics, mechanics, and physical science. He wrote many books and he used them as texts for his students, and manuals for technicians, and were written in Greek, Latin and Egyptian. One of his amazing inventions is the so-called "The 'philosopher's stone' of Heron" that "changed" one liquid into another, for example, water into wine. It consisted of an airtight vase of water which, at the top, had a tubular opening where water entered and reached the bottom and of an airtight vase of wine which, in the middle, had a tap in a siphon shape. The two vases were connected by an intermediate small tube that entered the bottom and reached close to their top. When a certain amount of water was poured into the first vase, the air inside went through the intermediate tube to the second vase pushing out the equal amount of wine. (The tube arrangement did not allow the mixing of liquids," ('Heron, Pneumatics, A 14'). Hero is credited with authorship of several manuscripts including Automata, theP neumatica, the Dioptra, the Catoprica and the Mechanica. Hero invented a number of fascinating machines. Standing on the shoulders of giants, it is believed that Hero studied the works of Archimedes and Vitruvius, as well as Ctesibius.

Evacuate Earth is a National Geographic Channel documentary that portrays the hypothetical scenario of humans evacuating the planet Earth before it is destroyed by a rogue neutron star. The documentary details the technical and social complications of building a generation ship to save humanity and other Earth organisms by relocating to a planet in another solar system. The documentary proposes a thought experiment in which a neutron star approaches Earth. Constant meteor storms are the first warning sign, and dramatic sequences depict widespread destruction and the deaths of thousands of people. Given seventy-five years to prepare, human society radically shifts toward the evacuation of Earth. The propulsion system for the spacecraft is the first problem to be addressed. In a dramatic sequence, the world's leading experts debate the benefits and drawbacks of various methods. Conventional rockets are too slow, and antimatter engines are too unstable; they eventually settle on nuclear pulse propulsion, as originally suggested by Project Orion. The world's engineers, scientists, and manufacturing workers begun work at a new site dubbed Starship City. Interviewed experts propose that fatalism may drive some people either to suicide or radicalism and attempts to sabotage the project. In one dramatic sequence, terrorists strike the facility, though they are destroyed by a hidden minefield. Brush fire conflicts also escalate, as security forces are focused on either maintaining order or protecting the interstellar project's facilities and personnel. Who is to be evacuated is another major issue. Although diversity is respected, any selected individual would have to be genetically hardy and not predisposed toward disease (such as schizophrenia and diabetes). In dramatic sequences, a second ark ship is announced amid controversy, as it is reserved for the world's wealthiest and most powerful families willing to pay for passage. Simulated newscasts announce delays and setbacks as scientists are lured to the private ark ship. As the neutron star enters our solar system, Saturn is destroyed, and the Earth experiences calamitous shifts in its seasons and bursts of radiation leading to fatalities and ecological damage. The private ark ship, equipped with an antimatter engine, explodes when its antimatter containment fails. Families are potentially broken up as they prepare to board the remaining ark ship, and experts discuss the basic necessities for human life: bacteria, air, water, and food. Bacteria are easily stored, and air is synthesized from water. Food, however, remains a difficult problem, and experts propose that colonists will eat insects and algae, which are easily replenished and space efficient. The ark ship launches and quickly speeds away, a few days later the neutron star is close enough that its tidal force begins to deform the Earth's core and the crust, which causes massive earthquakes and volcanism. Next, the gravity from the neutron star tears away the surface, causing the crust to shatter and the hot interior of Earth to spill out into the vacuum of space, destroying the Earth, but only the colonists on the ark can witness this event, as the rest of humanity had already been wiped out. The colonists continue their journey to Barnard's Star; experts discuss the potential for mutiny and factionalism, ultimately rejecting them as unlikely, as strong family and societal bonds will be emphasized. The journey is estimated to take approximately eighty-eight years, and the youngest of the original crew survive to see the new planet, which potentially harbors other lifeforms. Experts conclude that the scenario, though unlikely, is possible and requires preparation from the world's governments.

http://www.mercyforanimals.org ...When meat eaters tell you it's natural for humans to eat meat, remind them that modern man has been around 70,000 years and industrial farming only 100. The way they get their meat is nowhere near natural. They forget that. When you eat meat you are eating the fear chemicals they produced as they were being slaughtered. Mercy for Animals http://www.mercyforanimals.ca Mercy For Animals presents Farm to Fridge. Narrated by Oscar-nominated James Cromwell, this powerful film takes viewers on an eye-opening exploration behind the closed doors of the nation's largest industrial farms, hatcheries, and slaughter plants -- revealing the often-unseen journey that animals make from Farm to Fridge. 98% of the world's animals are slaughtered for food (meat, dairy and eggs). This accounts to more than 65 billion land animals (every year) according to United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. Estimated 100 million to 1 trillion aquatic marine animals are taken from the oceans each year. According to Captain Paul Watson, 90 percent of the fishes are already wiped out. We get a lot of comments justifying this practise people saying "I love bacon" or "gotta have my cheese", "good thing I slaughter my own animals", or something like "what about humane raised meat?". This is all a scam people. What we are telling ourselves is that it is alright to continue exploiting and killing innocent animals for a few moments of pleasure. Don't forget that our fellow human beings have to slaughter thousands of innocent animals everyday. Slaughterhouses have the highest injury and death rates of any industry in the US (and probably in other western countries as well). There is no such thing a happy death, or humane slaughter or organically raised meat. All animals no matter how they are slaughtered endure the same brutal death. They are not happy skipping to the slaughterhouse wanting to get their throats slit. They are extremely terrified beings. They don't want to get off the slaughter trucks, they know what awaits them. They are not stupid! They know death approaches them. And it is happening because customers like you want to buy what comes out of their bodies. But enough already, we are not cavemen or cavewomen anymore, stop acting like Neanderthals! This is 2013. Give it up. It is not cute, or funny that animals are being abused and killed! It is not our right to be doing this to them. If we care about peace, love and caring we must stop all forms of abuse. As Howard Lyman, 4th generation ex-cattleman and author of the book "Mad Cowboy" said in the film 'Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home', "We are here in my opinion as Homo sapiens on the planet to learn one thing. And that one thing is unconditional love. Not unconditional love just for humans, not unconditional love just for the environment. But unconditional love for our entire community on this planet." No matter how the foods are being produced or where you are getting your meat, milk, cheese, yogurt or eggs from, these animals suffer and die needless painful deaths. Please share this very important video with all your family, friends and colleagues etc.

Cain and Abel’s clash may reflect ancient Bronze Age rivalries Some historians speculate that this Biblical tragedy reflects tensions between resource-strapped farmers and shepherds thousands of years ago. As soon as Adam and Eve’s son Cain grew up, he followed in his father’s footsteps and became a farmer. Cain’s brother Abel became a shepherd. The occupations of Cain and Abel place the story squarely amid the growing tension between farmers and shepherds, between “settled” tribes and nomads, who were at odds in the dry climate of the Early Bronze Age Levant. And then “in the course of time,” says Genesis, the two brothers presented their offerings to God. Abel’s offering was of the “firstlings of his flock, their fat portions,” while Cain’s was “of the fruit of the ground” (Genesis 4:3-4). This is the first time the Bible makes reference to animal sacrifice, which in later centuries would develop into the Israelite sacrificial cult, centered on the Temple in Jerusalem. Quite possibly, it reflects some of the earliest traditions of sacrifice, common in Sumer as well as in Syria-Canaan, to appease the gods and ensure a fertile harvest. The Lord accepted Abel’s animal offering, but Cain’s fruit of the earth was not to his satisfaction (Genesis 4:3-5). The Bible does not offer an explanation for this; it may simply reflect the intense rivalry between farmer settlements and nomads over natural resources. Cain was incensed. God warned him that “sin is lurking at the door; its desire is for you, but you must master it.” But Cain did not heed God’s counsel. He lured his brother Abel to a field and killed him. It is the first instance of homicide in the Bible. God then questioned Cain on Abel’s whereabouts, prompting the reply, “I do not know; am I my brother’s keeper?” (Genesis 4:7-9). To punish Cain, God cursed him from the earth, and cast him from the land where his family lived. He became a fugitive, stripped of his tribal protection.Though Cain was condemned to roam the world as an outlaw, God made sure that he would not be harmed. And so, Cain eventually settled in a land east of Eden named Nod, quite literally “the land of naught,” a place of aimless wandering. #history #bible #myth

How Pirates Made The US Navy Into The Strongest Sea Force On Earth - When the Revolutionary War came to a close, the United States spent nearly a decade without a regular navy. With the war against Great Britain won, the reasoning went, why would it need one? The simple answer is: pirates. After breaking with England, American merchant ships were no longer protected by the Royal Navy. The fledgling U.S. government couldn’t raise a Navy but believed it could stave off attacks from Barbary pirates — north African privateers from Algiers, Morocco, Tunis, and Tripoli with loose ties to the Ottoman Empire — through treaties. While the Moroccan pirates cooperated, Ottoman Algerian leader Dey Mohammed ben-Osman declared war on the United States, capturing a merchant ship in 1784, and offered to assume peaceful relations only if the U.S. government could pay him a tribute. Though the U.S. was able to negotiate a treaty with Morocco in 1786, Congress didn’t have the money to pay off Mohammad, according to records held by the U.S. State Department. Luckily for then-President George Washington, Portugal was warring with Algiers and protected U.S. merchant ships — until 1793, when the two states reached a truce, opening American vessels up to attack once more. Desperate to utilize the Mediterranean trade route and protect American ships, the 1794 Congress, at Washington’s urging, authorized the “gradual creation” of the U.S. Navy with a fleet of just six ships. Shortly after, America’s Navy got its first taste of military action against its Revolutionary ally, France, in 1798, when its monarchy fell and the U.S. government stopped paying off its debts from the war. This angered France, along with the fact that the United States and Great Britain settled colonial disputes in the Jay Treaty — a move that France viewed as violating the U.S.’s public commitment to neutrality in the English-French squabble. After this “Quasi War,” then-President John Adams would become known as the “Father of the American Navy” as a result of his strong advocacy for a formidable sea service, which included the acquisition of “twelve vessels, of up to twenty-two guns each,” according to an annotated bibliography by the Navy’s history division. A small but aggressive force, the nascent U.S. Navy was particularly effective at pressing France to bend to America’s wishes. “In the war, the navy proved itself an effective instrument of national policy,” the bibliography reads. However, the U.S. government was struggling to keep the Barbary states at bay, with financial tributes reaching roughly $1.25 million by 1797. Congress still fell $140,000 short to Algiers and nearly $150,000 short to Tripoli, according to author Gregory Fremont Barnes’ 2014 book “The Wars of the Barbary Pirates.” By 1801, the stiffed pirates of Tripoli had launched a full-on campaign against the U.S. that would later be deemed the First Barbary War. The war proved the prowess of the Navy’s early officers, particularly Commodore Richard Dale and Capt. Stephen Decatur. Their 1805 victory would mark the first win for the U.S. Navy, with the help of the Marine Corps. But peace would be short-lived. Hajji Ali, the new Dey of Algiers, decided that the tribute agreement of his predecessor was insufficient, and launched the Second Barbary War in 1812 — the same year that the United States began warring once more with Great Britain. With its resources spread thin, the U.S. government was forced to table any efforts to confront Algiers or its pirates. It wasn’t until the Treaty of Ghent was signed in 1814, ending the United States’ last skirmish with England, that the Navy was able to set its sights on Algiers — and an end to Barbary piracy once and for all. Congress officially declared war on Algiers March 3, 1815, after growing the U.S. Navy for three years and placing now-Commodore Decatur at the helm. After destroying a number of Algerian warships and capturing hundreds of their sailors, Decatur negotiated a prisoner exchange and “called for end to the practices of tribute and ransom,” the State Department reported. The Algerian treaty was officially ratified by the Senate on December 5, 1815. Although the Barbary pirates would continue to plunder and pillage French ships in the Mediterranean for two more decades, they scarcely dared mess with the U.S. Navy — one of the most aggressive forces on the sea — ever again.

Source: https://www.facebook.com/hirofumi.kawano.121 Dynastes hercules hercules （hercules Beetle lifetime）幼虫や蛹の動画をまとめてみた（^^） Source: https://www.facebook.com/hirofumi.kawano.121 - Amazing Montage - The Hercules beetle (Dynastes hercules, Dynastinae) is a rhinoceros beetle native to the rainforests of Central America, South America, Lesser Antilles, and the Andes. They are large beetles, with some males reaching 17.5 cm including the horn, and a slightly iridescent coloration to their elytra, which also vary in color from beetle to beetle, and even depending on the humidity. Dynastes hercules is highly sexually dimorphic, with only males exhibiting the characteristic horn. Several subspecies have been named, though there is still some uncertainty as to the validity of the named taxa. Reports suggest the Hercules beetle is able to carry up to 850 times its body mass but actual measurements on a much smaller (and relatively stronger: see square-cube law) species of rhinoceros beetle shows a carrying capacity only up to 100 times their body mass, at which point they can barely move. Life cycle The larval stage of the Hercules beetle will last one to two years, with the larva growing up to 4.5 inches (11 cm) in length and weighing more than 100 grams. Much of the life of the larva is spent tunneling through rotting wood. After the larval period, transformation into a pupa, and moulting, the beetle then emerges as an adult. Diet The larval stage of the Hercules beetle will feed on rotting wood during this two year stage.The adult Hercules beetle feeds on fresh and rotting fruit. They have been observed feeding on peaches, pear, apple, and grapes within captivity. Music: Kaddish (Instrumental Mix) by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

The Flying Dutchman (Dutch: De Vliegende Hollander) is a legendary ghost ship which was said to never be able to make port, doomed to sail the oceans forever. The myth is likely to have originated from the 17th-century Golden Age of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and Dutch maritime power. The oldest extant version of the legend has been dated to the late 18th century. According to the legend, if hailed by another ship, the crew of the Flying Dutchman was said to try to send messages to land, or to people long dead. Purported sightings in the 19th and 20th centuries claimed that the ship glowed with a ghostly light. In ocean lore, the sight of this phantom ship is a portent of doom. Sightings of these ship in the middle of the sea ( which was just an optical illusion ) used to shake the sailors to the core. The first print reference to the ship appears in Travels in various part of Europe, Asia and Africa during a series of thirty years and upward (1790) by John MacDonald: "The weather was so stormy that the sailors said they saw the Flying Dutchman. The common story is that this Dutchman came to the Cape in distress of weather and wanted to get into harbor but could not get a pilot to conduct her and was lost and that ever since in very bad weather her vision appears." The next literary reference appears in Chapter VI of A Voyage to Botany Bay (1795) (also known as A Voyage to New South Wales), attributed to George Barrington (1755–1804): "I had often heard of the superstition of sailors respecting apparitions and doom, but had never given much credit to the report; it seems that some years since a Dutch man-of-war was lost off the Cape of Good Hope, and every soul on board perished; her consort weathered the gale, and arrived soon after at the Cape. Having refitted, and returning to Europe, they were assailed by a violent tempest nearly in the same latitude. In the night watch some of the people saw, or imagined they saw, a vessel standing for them under a press of sail, as though she would run them down: one in particular affirmed it was the ship that had foundered in the former gale, and that it must certainly be her, or the apparition of her; but on its clearing up, the object, a dark thick cloud, disappeared. Nothing could do away the idea of this phenomenon on the minds of the sailors; and, on their relating the circumstances when they arrived in port, the story spread like wild-fire, and the supposed phantom was called the Flying Dutchman. From the Dutch the English seamen got the infatuation, and there are very few Indiamen, but what has some one on board, who pretends to have seen the apparition." The next literary reference introduces the motif of punishment for a crime, in Scenes of Infancy (Edinburgh, 1803) by John Leyden (1775–1811): "It is a common superstition of mariners, that, in the high southern latitudes on the coast of Africa, hurricanes are frequently ushered in by the appearance of a spectre-ship, denominated the Flying Dutchman ... The crew of this vessel are supposed to have been guilty of some dreadful crime, in the infancy of navigation; and to have been stricken with pestilence ... and are ordained still to traverse the ocean on which they perished, till the period of their penance expire." Thomas Moore (1779–1852) places the vessel in the north Atlantic in his poem Written on passing Dead-man's Island in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Late in the evening, September, 1804:[13] "Fast gliding along, a gloomy bark / Her sails are full, though the wind is still, / And there blows not a breath her sails to fill." A footnote adds: "The above lines were suggested by a superstition very common among sailors, who call this ghost-ship, I think, 'the flying Dutch-man'." Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832), a friend of John Leyden's, was the first to refer to the vessel as a pirate ship, writing in the notes to Rokeby; a poem (first published December 1812) that the ship was "originally a vessel loaded with great wealth, on board of which some horrid act of murder and piracy had been committed" and that the apparition of the ship "is considered by the mariners as the worst of all possible omens". #legend #myth #supernatural

As one of the most popular mythological creatures in modern day, the dragon is no mystery. It does, however, have a lengthy history that many people are unaware of. When most people envision a dragon, they think of a large reptile-like creature with enormous wings that breathes fire and attacks castles. However, like all creatures of ancient lore, the dragon had more humble beginnings. Dragon mythology has existed almost as long as people have. In fact, many of the early Mesopotamian cultures and other ancients in the Near East have rich oral histories that tell of mighty storm gods saving the people from evil giant serpents. These serpents often had many terrifying features, ranging from fluorescent skin to the ability to breathe fire and fly. These myths were the foundation of the modern perspective on dragons. So how can one accurately describe the fearsome dragon? For starters, it seems that a dragon is actually any form of serpent that has an especially fearsome nature. This is indicated by the word ‘drakon’ that the English word ‘dragon’ was derived from. ‘Drakon’ means ‘large serpent’ or ‘sea serpent.’ Additionally, most dragons are described as being evil in nature. This is not always the case, however, as evidenced by Chinese mythology. There are times that dragons are also shown as benevolent and knowledgeable creatures. The Evolution of the Dragon In early cultures, the dragons were often seen as mighty serpents and beasts that were either extremely benevolent or fearsome and difficult to kill. The beliefs of a region are often influenced by geographical location. Eastern cultures often saw dragons as a knowledgeable deity that had power over storms and water. Additionally, they also saw the dragon as a powerful and benevolent creature that could ward off evil. Western cultures had a very different perspective. They often saw dragons as evil beasts that reveled in killing and chaos. Many dragons are depicted as living in dark and dangerous places that were often perilous for men in ancient times. Additionally, they were often thought to guard hoards of treasure. In both cultures, dragons were largely thought to be wingless before the Medieval Ages. During this time, the Western cultures began to transform their dragon portrayals, while the Eastern cultures continued with their traditions. Myths Associated with Dragons While many people know that dragons are thought to guard hoards of treasure, there are also other myths that still surround the creature. One such myth is that dragon’s blood held special properties that gave anyone with access to it unique opportunities. If, for example, a person was to dip a sword or knife into dragon blood and stab someone with it, their wound would never heal. However, not all things associated with dragon blood are bad. It is also thought that dragon blood gives a person the ability to see into the future. It is also thought that dragons from the Eastern world have the ability to change size and shape. In fact, most of the dragons from Eastern legends have the ability to change into human form at will. Ancient Indian sources like the Rig Veda (one of the oldest texts in the world, dated around 1500 BCE) speak of the great dragon Vrtra, who had to be killed by the god Indra to release the waters of heaven onto earth. In Mesopotamian myths, the god Marduk battled with the dragon Tiamat for supremacy over human beings. And in the Zoroastrian tradition of Iran, dragons were known as “azi” or “serpents,” and had important roles in scriptures, mostly as demonic creatures “who swallowed horses, who swallowed men… over whom poison flowed the height of a spear.”

Music:Bottom of the Sea by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 - Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet - Apple https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 ...The deepest part of the ocean is called the Challenger Deep and is located beneath the western Pacific Ocean in the southern end of the Mariana Trench, which runs several hundred kilometers southwest of the U.S. territorial island of Guam. Challenger Deep is approximately 36,200 feet deep. Depths from the surface to 0.2km is known as the “littoral zone”, from 0.2km to 3km, the “bathyal zone”, and from 3km to 6km, the “abyssal zone”. Anything deeper than that is the “hadal zone”. The hadal zone is largely comprised of deep trenches caused by tectonic plate subduction that drive the vast abyssal plains steeply down to depths of 11,000 metres in places. But even here, animals thrive, blissfully unaware of how little attention they receive. Here’s an insight into their incredible world. The term “hadal” comes from “Hades,” which refers both to the Greek kingdom of the Underworld and the god of the Underworld himself, Hades (brother of Zeus and Poseidon). The term can also mean the “abode of the dead”. In modern times, Hades is seen as evil, but in mythology he was often portrayed as unreasonably “stringent” rather than actively malicious. Interestingly, he strictly prohibited the inhabitants of his dominion to leave, which is a rather apt analogy for hadal fauna, as these species are often confined to trenches and are rarely capable of going elsewhere. The extreme depths of the hadal trenches were discovered using “bomb sounding”, whereby someone threw a half-pound block of TNT off a ship and the echo was recorded on board the ship. This method was used to sound the depths of many trenches, but the exact depth of the deepest point, currently in the Mariana Trench, is still difficult to compute. Four other trenches, all in the Western Pacific, also exceed 10km: the Tonga, Kuril-Kamchatka, Philippine, and Kermadec trenches. The HMS Challenger expedition (1873 to 1876) was the first to sample hadal depths – having collected sediment from about 8km – although it could not confirm whether or not the sediment was merely the remnants of shallower animals. The 1901 Princess Alice expedition successfully trawled specimens from over 6km. However, it was a 1948 Swedish expedition, which successfully trawled a variety of species from 7km to 8km in the Puerto Rico Trench, that finally proved that life existed at depths greater than 6km. In 1956, the first photographs of the hadal zone were taken by none other than The hadal zone comprises a series of disjointed trenches and other deep spots. There are 33 trenches and 13 troughs around the world – 46 individual hadal habitats in total. The mean depth of the trenches is 8.216km. The total area of the hadal zone is less than 0.2% of the entire seafloor but accounts for 45% of the total depth range. It is therefore surprising that the deepest 45% of the sea is rarely mentioned in deep sea literature. Of the 33 hadal trenches, 26 (84%) are located in the Pacific, three are found in the Atlantic (8%), two (4%) in the Indian Ocean, and two (4%) in the Southern Ocean. The majority run up the western Pacific. Most of the hadal trenches in their modern form are believed to have formed 65.5m years ago during the Cenozoic period. Earth appears to be the only terrestrial planet with subduction zones and plate tectonics. Both Mercury and the Earth’s moon are tectonically dead. Mars appears to have tectonically ceased, and Venus is dominated by thick lithosphere with mantle plumes. On Earth, subduction zones produce continental crust, which can protrude from the ocean (the continents). It has been speculated that without subduction, the land would still be underwater and terrestrial life, including humans, would never have evolved. Many marine organisms are found at hadal depths and the most common groups are the polychaetes, bivalves, gastropods, amphipods and holothurians. All of these groups are found at full-ocean depth and often in large aggregations. Contrary to popular media, the hadal zone is not a mysterious realm inhabited by aliens or “monsters of the deep”. Instead, it is a poorly understood region largely inhabited by hoppers, snails, worms, and sea cucumbers. In fact, the upper trenches are inhabited by little pink fish and bright red prawns. Music:Bottom of the Sea by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

For centuries, historians and archaeologists have puzzled over the many mysteries of Stonehenge, the prehistoric monument that took Neolithic builders an estimated 1,500 years to erect. Located in southern England, it is comprised of roughly 100 massive upright stones placed in a circular layout. While many modern scholars now agree that Stonehenge was once a burial ground, they have yet to determine what other purposes it served and how a civilization without modern technology—or even the wheel—produced the mighty monument. Its construction is all the more baffling because, while the sandstone slabs of its outer ring hail from local quarries, scientists have traced the bluestones that make up its inner ring all the way to the Preseli Hills in Wales, some 200 miles from where Stonehenge sits on Salisbury Plain. According to the 12th-century writer Geoffrey of Monmouth, whose tale of King Arthur and mythical account of English history were considered factual well into the Middle Ages, Stonehenge is the handiwork of the wizard Merlin. In the mid-fifth century, the story goes, hundreds of British nobles were slaughtered by the Saxons and buried on Salisbury Plain. Hoping to erect a memorial to his fallen subjects, King Aureoles Ambrosias sent an army to Ireland to retrieve a stone circle known as the Giants’ Ring, which ancient giants had built from magical African bluestones. The soldiers successfully defeated the Irish but failed to move the stones, so Merlin used his sorcery to spirit them across the sea and arrange them above the mass grave. Legend has it that Ambrosias and his brother Uther, King Arthur’s father, are buried there as well. While many believed Monmouth’s account to be the true story of Stonehenge’s creation for centuries, the monument’s construction predates Merlin—or, at least, the real-life figures who are said to have inspired him—by several thousand years. Other early hypotheses attributed its building to the Saxons, Danes, Romans, Greeks or Egyptians. In the 17th century, archaeologist John Aubrey made the claim that Stonehenge was the work of the Celtic high priests known as the Druids, a theory widely popularized by the antiquarian William Stukeley, who had unearthed primitive graves at the site. Even today, people who identify as modern Druids continue to gather at Stonehenge for the summer solstice. However, in the mid-20th century, radiocarbon dating demonstrated that Stonehenge stood more than 1,000 years before the Celts inhabited the region, eliminating the ancient Druids from the running. Many modern historians and archaeologists now agree that several distinct tribes of people contributed to Stonehenge, each undertaking a different phase of its construction. Bones, tools and other artifacts found on the site seem to support this hypothesis.

A team of scientists attempt to build the flood boat using inscriptions from an ancient clay tablet. In 1948, a British pilot serving in Iraq acquired a clay tablet with an intriguing, 3,700 year-old inscription. The ancient writing tells the story of how the god Enki warns a Sumerian king named Atra-Hasis of a future flood that will destroy mankind; Enki gives him instructions for building a boat to save his family and livestock. If that sounds like a familiar tale, it’s because this was one of several ancient flood traditions that, centuries later, would inspire the biblical story of Noah. But the tablet’s inscription describes a boat very different from the traditional image of the Ark—it’s said to be circular and made of reeds. Is this nothing more than a fanciful myth? Or could such a reed boat have carried Atra-Hasis’ family of more than one hundred and his many animals? Join NOVA as a team of historians and expert boat builders investigates this fascinating flood legend and sets out to rebuild a tantalizing, ancient forerunner of the Ark. #bible #myth #legend