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NASA APOLLO 16 LUNAR MISSION w/ LUNAR ROVER "NOTHING SO HIDDEN" This 1972 NASA documentary on the flight of Apollo 16 includes film footage from the mission’s launch, lunar landing, and in the “moon buggy” before finally returning the crew (astronauts John W. Young, Thomas K. Mattingly, II, and Charles M. Duke, Jr.) to Earth. Apollo 16 was the fifth moon landing of Project Apollo, and the 10th manned mission in the Apollo program. It was the second mission to utilize a Lunar Rover (Lunar Roving Vehicle, LRV) during lunar EVAs (moonwalks). The film shows the launch (mark 02:56), landing (09:43), and the three lunar traverses in the highland region of the moon, near the crater Descartes. Includes an astronaut's eye view from the Rover, lunar Grand Prix, discovery of the house-sized rock, lunar lift-off, and EVA 173,000 miles above Earth. Microphones and cameras in Mission Control record the emergency problem solving during the pre-landing crisis and the reactions of scientists on Earth as the astronauts explore the Moon. Young and Duke spent 71 hours—just under three days—on the lunar surface, during which they conducted three extra-vehicular activities or moonwalks, totaling 20 hours and 14 minutes. The pair drove the Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV), the second produced and used on the Moon, 26.7 kilometers (16.6 mi). On the surface, Young and Duke collected 95.8 kilograms (211 lb) of lunar samples for return to Earth, while Command Module Pilot Ken Mattingly orbited in the Command/Service Module (CSM) above to perform observations. Mattingly spent 126 hours and 64 revolutions in lunar orbit. After Young and Duke rejoined Mattingly in lunar orbit, the crew released a subsatellite from the Service Module (SM). During the return trip to Earth, Mattingly performed a one-hour spacewalk to retrieve several film cassettes from the exterior of the Service Module.

Massive tsunami sweeps Atlantic Coast in asteroid impact scenario for March 16, 2880 - If an asteroid crashes into the Earth, it is likely to splash down somewhere in the oceans that cover 70 percent of the planet's surface. Huge tsunami waves, spreading out from the impact site like the ripples from a rock tossed into a pond, would inundate heavily populated coastal areas. A computer simulation of an asteroid impact tsunami developed by scientists at the University of California, Santa Cruz, shows waves as high as 400 feet sweeping onto the Atlantic Coast of the United States. The researchers based their simulation on a real asteroid known to be on course for a close encounter with Earth eight centuries from now. Steven Ward, a researcher at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at UCSC, and Erik Asphaug, an associate professor of Earth sciences, report their findings in the June issue of the Geophysical Journal International. March 16, 2880, is the day the asteroid known as 1950 DA, a huge rock two-thirds of a mile in diameter, is due to swing so close to Earth it could slam into the Atlantic Ocean at 38,000 miles per hour. The probability of a direct hit is pretty small, but over the long timescales of Earth's history, asteroids this size and larger have periodically hammered the planet, sometimes with calamitous effects. The so-called K/T impact, for example, ended the age of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago. "From a geologic perspective, events like this have happened many times in the past. Asteroids the size of 1950 DA have probably struck the Earth about 600 times since the age of the dinosaurs," Ward said. Ward and Asphaug's study is part of a general effort to conduct a rational assessment of asteroid impact hazards. Asphaug, who organized a NASA-sponsored scientific workshop on asteroids last year, noted that asteroid risks are interesting because the probabilities are so small while the potential consequences are enormous. Furthermore, the laws of orbital mechanics make it possible for scientists to predict an impact if they are able to detect the asteroid in advance. "It's like knowing the exact time when Mount Shasta will erupt," Asphaug said. "The way to deal with any natural hazard is to improve our knowledge base, so we can turn the kind of human fear that gets played on in the movies into something that we have a handle on." Another study says - It won’t be a tsunami. Nor an earthquake. Not even the crushing impact of the space rock. No, if an asteroid kills you, gusting winds and shock waves from falling and exploding space rocks will most likely be to blame. That’s one of the conclusions of a recent computer simulation effort that investigated the fatality risks of more than a million possible asteroid impacts. In one extreme scenario, a simulated 200-meter-wide space rock whizzing 20 kilometers per second whacked London, killing more than 8.7 million people. Nearly three-quarters of that doomsday scenario’s lethality came from winds and shock waves, planetary scientist Clemens Rumpf and colleagues report online March 27 in Meteoritics & Planetary Science. Music: Into The Heat by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3eyYxeD https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/king-neptunes-travelling-merchants-and-their-adventures-in-and-beyond-the-sea http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Buy Tezos on Coinbase- https://www.coinbase.com/join/aliman_o https://xtz.news/ - Evolutionary, revolutionary, and everything in-between. Security focused. Upgradeable. Built to last. Institutional Grade Security. Tezos is designed to provide the safety and code correctness required for assets and other high value use cases at both the protocol and application layers by leveraging languages OCaml and Michelson, which facilitate formal verification, a practice commonly used in mission-critical industries, spanning from nuclear and aerospace to semiconductor and others. Governance by the People. The Tezos platform was built with mechanisms to ensure active community governance and participation. Users can actively participate by evaluating, proposing, or approving amendments to Tezos. This design empowers the type of collaborative innovation that keeps Tezos on the bleeding edge of technology. An Energy-Efficient Algorithm. Unlike Proof-of-Work blockchains like Bitcoin or Ethereum, Tezos’ Proof-of-Stake requires significantly less energy and cost to operate, making it an ideal alternative platform for building blockchain applications that are eco-friendly. Smarter Smart Contracts. Tezos is one of the leading smart contracts Proof of Stake blockchains. Tezos smart contracts can use formal verification, allowing them to be mathematically verified, reliable, and secure. Seamlessly, Forklessly, Endlessly Upgradeable. Tezos is built to adjust, adapt, and add features and functionality through its proven on-chain upgrade mechanism. Powerfully Scalable. Tezos is built to remain state-of-the-art. Its modular architecture and formal upgrade mechanism minimizes disruptions while offering regular upgradability and enhanced functionality over time. Music: Jujitsu Flow & Star of the Conqueror by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/2B9tGa7 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortunes http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet #crypto #blockchain #currency

The Decomposition of Waste in Landfills - How long it takes various types of garbage to decompose is important. The rate of decomposition can depend on landfill conditions. Plastic products are very common in our modern life. According to estimates, every year we use approximately 1.6 million barrels of oil just for producing plastic water bottles. Plastic waste is one of many types of wastes that take too long to decompose. Normally, plastic items can take up to 1000 years to decompose in landfills. But plastic bags we use in our everyday life take 10-1000 years to decompose, while plastic bottles can take 450 years or more. Disposable Diapers Just in the United States alone, every year more than 18 billion disposable diapers are thrown away. These disposable diapers take approximately 250-500 years to decompose in landfills, thus underscoring the efforts of programs offering diaper and absorbent hygiene product recycling. Aluminum Cans Every minute, every day, more than 120,000 aluminum cans are recycled only in America. But, at the same time, in every three-month period, enough aluminum cans are thrown away in America that can rebuild the entire American commercial air fleet. Aluminum cans take 80-200 years in landfills to get completely decomposed. Glass Normally, glass is very easy to recycle mainly for the fact that glass is made of sand. Simply breaking down the glass and melting it, we can produce new glass. But the shocking fact is that if glass is thrown away in landfills, it takes million years to decompose. And according to some sources, it doesn’t decompose at all. Paper Waste Based on volume, paper is the largest element in American landfills. Normally, it takes two to six weeks in a landfill to get completely decomposed. If we recycle paper items, we can easily save a lot of landfill space, while reducing the energy and virgin material requirements of making non-recycled paper. Food Waste By weight, food waste is the largest waste item in American landfills. The time taken for food waste decomposing depends on the type of food. Normally, an orange peel takes 6 months but an apple core or a banana peel takes around one month to decompose. An important component of food recycling is having the right container to deal with it. Different sources have different information on the actual time various waste items take to decompose in landfills. Cigarette Butts: 10-12 years Monofilament Fishing Line: 600 years Rubber-Boot Sole: 50-80 years Foamed Plastic Cups: 50 years Leather shoes: 25-40 years Milk Cartons: 5 years Plywood: 1-3 years Painted board: 13 years Cotton Glove: 3 months Cardboard: 2 months Styrofoam: Does not biodegrade Nylon Fabric: 30-40 years Tin can: 50 years Ropes: 3-14 months Waxed milk carton: 3 months Aluminum cans: 200-250 years Train tickets: two weeks Canvas products: 1 year Batteries: 100 years Lumber: 10-15 years Sanitary Pads: 500-800 years Wool Clothing: 1-5 years Tinfoil: Does not biodegrade Music: Uncle Festus by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

3700-year old Babylonian Tablet Confirms Pythagoras Did Not Invent the Theorem Bearing His Name. An unknown Babylonian mathematician beat Pythagoras to the discovery of trigonometry by more than 1000 years, claim experts studying the piece. That Babylonian genius marked down the famous theorem that is often associated with the Greek, along with other trigonometry tables, on a clay tablet now known as Plimpton 322. Scientists are now saying the content of the 3700-year-old tablet surpasses modern knowledge too. Researchers from the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in Sydney claim the four columns and 15 rows of cuneiform “represent the world’s oldest and most accurate working trigonometric table, a working tool which could have been used in surveying, and in calculating how to construct temples, palaces and pyramids.” Dr. Daniel Mansfield, of the UNSW, says : “Our research reveals that Plimpton 322 describes the shapes of right-angle triangles using a novel kind of trigonometry based on ratios, not angles and circles. It is a fascinating mathematical work that demonstrates undoubted genius […] The tablet not only contains the world's oldest trigonometric table; it is also the only completely accurate trigonometric table, because of the very different Babylonian approach to arithmetic and geometry.” That Pythagoras wasn’t the first to realize the square of the longest side is always equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides of a right-angled triangle is not news. The real mystery for the tablet has been the reason scribes put in the effort to sort and generate the numbers shown on the tablet. Luis Teia wrote about the possible purpose of Plimpton 322 in a previous article for Ancient Origins : “Unlike what one may imagine, the reason behind the tablet was not an interest in the number-theoretical question, but rather the need to find data for a ‘solvable’ mathematical problem. It is even believed that this tablet was a ‘teacher's aide’ for setting up and solving problems involving right triangles. This sounds like an environment not so different from our classrooms today.” Dr. Mansfield said in a video about the research results that the 60-base system allowed the Babylonians to have more accurate results than the modern use of base 10. The different approach used by the Babylonians to arithmetic and geometry may have “possible practical applications in surveying, computer graphics and education.” It is believed the tablet was created in the ancient Sumerian city of Larsa sometime between 1822 and 1762 BC; but Plimpton 322 got its name from a New York publisher named George Plimpton, who donated it to Columbia University in the 1930s. Researchers have been enamored with the artifact ever since. As Dr. Mansfield says , “Plimpton 322 has puzzled mathematicians for more than 70 years, since it was realized it contains a special pattern of numbers called Pythagorean triples.” This Clay Tablet Reveals Ancient Babylonians Used Calculus to Track Jupiter 1,500 Years before Europeans Dr. Mansfield and UNSW Associate Professor Dr. Norman Wildberger published their research in the journal Historia Mathematica . Dr. Wildberger told Phys.org that there is still much that we can learn from our ancient ancestors: “A treasure-trove of Babylonian tablets exists, but only a fraction of them have been studied yet. The mathematical world is only waking up to the fact that this ancient but very sophisticated mathematical culture has much to teach us." Music: Slave and Rose by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet #ancient #history #Pythagoras

Think of it as a Google Self-driving car, but that's 130-feet long and built for hunting submarines. And it got one step closer to real operations this week. The Sea Hunter was christened Thursday, and the capabilities are incredible: It's designed to operate at sea for months at a time, travel thousands of miles, all while follow navigation rules and avoiding collisions. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Office of Naval Research are getting ready to take their new toy for a spin in the open ocean. The 130 foot trimaran is designed with a ton of advanced features that the Navy envisions it can use for hunting subs and mines, but could just as easily be used for surveillance. Known as the Anti-Submarine Warfare Continuous Trail Unmanned Vessel (or ACTUV), the ship boasts a virtual deck department to steer the ship and stand lookout, the release said — with virtual junior officers to stand officer of the deck to boot. "Through at-sea testing on a surrogate vessel, ACTUV’s autonomy suite has proven capable of operating the ship in compliance with maritime laws and conventions for safe navigation — including International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, or COLREGS," the release said. "ACTUV accomplishes this feat through advanced software and hardware that serve as automated lookouts, enabling the ship to operate safely near manned maritime vessels in all weather and traffic conditions, day or night." But the Sea Hunter won't be working sailors completely out of a job, said the project head. “Although ACTUV will sail unmanned, its story is entirely about people,” said Scott Littlefield, DARPA program manager. “It will still be Sailors who are deciding how, when and where to use this new capability and the technology that has made it possible. And we could not have overcome the massive technical challenges to reaching this point without the creative, committed teamwork of our commercial partners and the Office of Naval Research.” The ship is moving from Oregon to San Diego, where DARPA and ONR plan to test it. If all goes according to plan, the program will transfer to the Navy in 2018, the release said. Music: The Wolf And-The River by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Inside the U.S. government’s plans to survive a nuclear war - Raven Rock, a hollowed out mountain near the Maryland-Pennsylvania border, is reportedly one of the undisclosed locations Dick Cheney worked from after 9/11. In 2011, a staffer at Washingtonian found a government ID in a Metro parking garage and gave it to Garrett M. Graff (the magazine’s editor-in-chief at the time) to track down its owner. “Since I reported about that world, he figured I’d know what to do with it,” Graff says. Graff immediately noticed something strange. “The back of the ID had these evacuation instructions on it. And so I got on Google Maps and followed the instructions and they led to a road that very clearly went into the side of a mountain, and you can see on the Google satellite view big concrete bunker doors.” That discovery inspired Graff to comb through newly declassified documents to learn more about the U.S. government’s plans in the event of a nuclear war or other catastrophe. His research culminated in the new book “Raven Rock: The Story of the U.S. Government’s Secret Plan to Save Itself — While the Rest of Us Die.” (Graff will discuss the book at Politics and Prose on Saturday.) At first, the government didn’t plan to let “the rest of us die.” “In the early 1950s, the government really hoped and believed it would be able to save most Americans,” Graff says. As bombs became more destructive, “plans and ambitions gradually shrunk until, realistically, the best they could hope to do is save the senior leadership.” Garrett M Graff (Andy Duback) Drills and disasters have shown that the federal government is too complex and unwieldy to pluck out of D.C. by helicopter and set up in an underground bunker — though that was, and still is, the basic plan, Graff says. One such shelter is the mountain fortress Graff tracked down: Raven Rock. Here’s more on it, plus other tidbits from doomsday scenarios past and present. Raven Rock This compound, carved out of a mountain near the Pennsylvania-Maryland border, contains several freestanding, multistory buildings (on giant, shock-absorbing springs) for a total of 900,000 square feet of office space. It has its own subterranean water supply, too. Raven Rock is where top government and military officials would hide out in the event of a major attack on Washington, D.C.; it was reportedly one of the “undisclosed locations” former Vice President Dick Cheney worked from in the aftermath of the Sept. 11 attacks. Mount Weather Another major underground government complex, Mount Weather has been in use since the 1950s. Located at the border of Loudoun and Clarke counties in Virginia, the 600,000-square-foot bunker inside the mountain was once (and still may be) the official evacuation site for Supreme Court justices, documents such as the U.S. Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, and the National Gallery of Art’s most valuable paintings. E-4B ‘doomsday planes’ ‘Air Force One When it Counts’ These custom-built 747s, also known as “Air Force One When It Counts,” are flying war rooms that follow the president when he travels internationally. When POTUS is stateside, one plane sits ready on a runway at a Nebraska military base, “fully staffed with battle planners and war planners and meteorologists and anything else you might need to run a nuclear war,” Graff says. The planes are protected from electromagnetic pulse attacks with a fine wire mesh, and they can unfurl a 5-mile-long wire that allows communication with nuclear submarines. Survival crackers In the 1960s, the U.S. government distributed 150 million pounds of wheat crackers and biscuits to fallout shelters across America. Packages are still routinely found unopened in civic building basements, and apparently they don’t taste great. “I did actually find on eBay a box of them, but I haven’t been brave enough to try them in part because I have watched enough YouTube videos of other people trying them to know how disgusting they actually are,” Graff says. Button #13 In the late 1970s, the D.C. mayor’s emergency control center at 300 Indiana Ave. NW had a Plexiglas-shielded button that, when pressed, triggered “Emer-zak,” the broadcast of emergency messages to lobbies, elevators and anywhere else served by the Muzak system. Music: Black Wind (Original Mix) by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2MbZ3TF https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/snooper http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Earth vs the solar system: Amazing animation reveals how massive - and tiny - our planet is compared to other cosmic bodies. The scale of the universe in terms of size is mind-bending enough – but considering the mass of planets can provide a new perspective. How big is the Sun compared to the Earth? It’s difficult to comprehend the size of that big burning ball of gas in the sky, especially as it is 149,600,000 kilometers (92,957,130 miles) away. 1,300,000 Earths could fit into an empty sphere the size of the Sun. Earth, the third planet from the sun is the densest in the solar system.It is the 5th largest planet, in the solar system, and has a radius of 6,378 km at the equator. Light can circle our planet about seven and a half times in a single second. The moon marks the end of Earth’s gravitational dominance. This satellite can be found orbiting at a distance of 385,000 km, which is about 60 times larger than Earth’s radius. It takes light about 1.3 seconds to travel from Earth to the moon. There are currently some 7 billion people on our planet. However, there have been some estimates 106 billion people over Earth’s history. A solid iron ball that is 1,500 miles wide sits at the center of the planet. In the Solar System, all of the sudden, Earth starts looking small. The total mass of the solar system is about 333,345.997 Earth masses. Meaning that Earth makes up about 0.0003% of the total mass of our solar system. For comparison, Earth makes up about 0.2% of the total mass of the planets. We orbit the sun at an average distance of 93 million miles, which is equal to 1 Astronomical Unit. It takes light a little over 8 light-minutes to travel from the Sun to Earth (that means, if the sun vanished right now, you wouldn’t know it for another 8 minutes). The farthest planet from the Sun, Neptune, orbits at an average distance of 30 AU. Voyager is about 119 AU from Earth. The dwarf planet Sedna, the farthest such (known) object from the Sun, orbits at an average of 526 AU. The solar system has an estimated radius of about two light-years. Our Local Neighborhood... Our closest star is Proxima Centauri at a distance of four light-years. About 53 star systems inhabit the Local Interstellar Cloud. Excluding our own solar system, there are six known planets in our neighborhood and another two suspected planets. Our local cloud is about 30 light-years across. The Milky Way... Home to our solar system, we orbit the galactic center at an average distance of 28,000 light-years. One orbital period (one galactic year) is equal to about 250 million years. We have completed about 15 orbits since life started on Earth. The Milky Way itself is about 100,000 light-years across and is home to about 400 billion stars. The bulge at the center is roughly 12,000 light-years in diameter. Based on data acquired from the Kepler Space Telescope, there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of sun-like stars and red dwarf stars within the Milky Way Galaxy (that’s a lot of planets that could have life as we know it). The Milky Way has a halo of dark matter that makes up over 90% of its mass. Yes, 90%. The Milky Way is thought to have some 300 billion stars. The largest known galaxy, IC 1101, has over 100 trillion stars. Music: Halls of Neptune by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3ex2DEb https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/neptunes-overtone http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Fast radio bursts: Repeated signals detected from distant galaxy, says alien-hunting project- These bursts are considered one of the most mysterious things in space. And they just became even more of a mystery. Scientists have detected 15 strange radio bursts coming from a long distant galaxy. The messages were picked up by Breakthrough Listen, a major project launched by Stephen Hawking and Internet investor Yuri Milner in 2015, as part of their program to find signs of intelligent life in the universe. Using the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia, Dr Vishal Gajjar and the Listen science team detected the bursts in the early hours of Saturday 26 August. Fast radio bursts, or FRBs, are perhaps the most mysterious thing in the known universe: strange, brief emissions that come from distant but unknown sources, which have been seen by several telescopes around the world. The bursts appear to line up in a strange alignment, and often come from the same part of space, leading some to suggest that they could be intentional rather than the result of physical events. This time, scientists have received 15 powerful signals coming from one location, known as FRB 121102. These are also the highest frequency bursts ever detected from FRB 121102, with the brightest emission occurring at around 7 GHz. The first burst from FRB 121102 was detected in 2012, and it’s the only known origin of repeated FRBs. In 2016, scientists identified the location of the repeating burst as a dwarf galaxy, around three billion light years away. That means that those pulses left their galaxy when our entire Solar System was just two billion years’ old – long before multi-celled organisms appeared on Earth. Since then, astronomers have been pointing telescopes at the same galaxy in an attempt to see more of the bursts, and understand them. Little is known about FRBs, including how exactly the bursts are being sent to Earth. It’s difficult to know when or where they will occur, so the repeating galaxy has become an important and reliable way of spotting them. The newly discovered bursts will also allow scientists to see more of what is actually happening than ever before, according to the scientists who detected them. “As well as confirming that the source is in a newly active state, the high resolution of the data obtained by the Listen instrument will allow measurement of the properties of these mysterious bursts at a higher precision than ever possible before,” said Breakthrough Listen postdoctoral researcher Vishal Gajjar, who discovered the increased activity. Scientists had initially been worried that the bursts might not be coming from space, and were actually a misunderstood signal from Earth – like when astronomers found that they had accidentally detected their own microwave. But recent work showed that the messages are coming from outside the Earth’s atmosphere. Music: Electric Central by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3eyYxeD https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/king-neptunes-travelling-merchants-and-their-adventures-in-and-beyond-the-sea http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

The Great Global Warming Swindle caused controversy in the UK when it premiered March 8, 2007 on British Channel 4. A documentary, by British television producer Martin Durkin, which argues against the virtually unchallenged consensus that global warming is man-made. A statement from the makers of this film asserts that the scientific theory of anthropogenic global warming could very well be "the biggest scam of modern times." According to Martin Durkin the chief cause of climate change is not human activity but changes in radiation from the sun. Some have called The Great Global Warming Swindle the definitive retort to Al Gore's An Inconvenient Truth. Using a comprehensive range of evidence it's claimed that warming over the past 300 years represents a natural recovery from a 'little ice age'. According to the program humans do have an effect on climate but it's infinitesimally small compared with the vast natural forces which are constantly pushing global temperatures this way and that. From melting glaciers and rising sea levels, The Great Global Warming Swindle debunks the myths, and exposes what may well prove to be the darkest chapter in the history of mankind. According to a group of leading scientists brought together by documentary maker Martin Durkin everything you've ever been told about global warming is probably untrue. Just as we've begun to take it for granted that climate change is a man-made phenomenon, Durkin's documentary slays the whole premise of global warming. "Global warming has become a story of huge political significance; environmental activists using scare tactics to further their cause; scientists adding credence to secure billions of dollars in research money; politicians after headlines and a media happy to play along. No-one dares speak against it for risk of being unpopular, losing funds and jeopardizing careers." Main contributors to the video: 1. Professor Tim Ball - Dept. of Climatology - University of Winnepeg, Canada 2. Professor Nir Shaviv - Institute of Physics - University of Jerusalem, Israel 3. Professor Ian Clark - Dept. of Earth Sciences - University of Ottawa, Canada 4. Dr. Piers Corbyn, Solar Physicist, Climate Forecaster, Weather Action, UK 5. Professor John Christy - Dept. of Atmospheric Science - University of Alabama, Huntsville - Lead Author, IPCC (NASA Medal - Exceptional Scientific Achievement) 6. Professor Philip Stott - Dept of Biogeography - University of London, UK 7. Al Gore - Former Presidental Candidate 8. Margaret Thatcher - Global-Warming Promoter 9. Professor Paul Reiter - IPCC & Pasteur Institute, Paris, France 10. Professor Richard Lindzen - IPCC & M.I.T. 11. Patrick Moore - Co-Founder - Greenpeace 12. Dr. Roy Spencer - Weather Satellite Team Leader - NASA 13. Professor Patrick Michaels - Department of Environmental Sciences - University of Virginia, US 14. Nigel Calder - Former Editor - New Scientist 15. James Shikwati - Economist & Author 16. Lord Lawson of Blaby - Secretary of Energy - UK Parliament Investigator, UK 17. Professor Syun-Ichi Akasofu - Director, International Arctic Research Centre 18. Professor Fredrick Singer - Former Director, US National Weather Service 19. Professor Carl Wunsch - Dept. of Oceanography - M.I.T., Harvard, University College, London, University of Cambridge, UK 20. Professor Eigil Friis-Christensen - Director, Danish National Space Centre 21. Dr. Roy Spencer - NASA Weather Satellite Team Leader 22. Paul Driessen - Author: Green Power, Black Death

The Hercules beetle (Dynastes hercules, Dynastinae) is a rhinoceros beetle native to the rainforests of Central America, South America, Lesser Antilles, and the Andes. They are large beetles, with some males reaching 17.5 cm including the horn, and a slightly iridescent coloration to their elytra, which also vary in color from beetle to beetle, and even depending on the humidity. Dynastes hercules is highly sexually dimorphic, with only males exhibiting the characteristic horn. Several subspecies have been named, though there is still some uncertainty as to the validity of the named taxa. Reports suggest the Hercules beetle is able to carry up to 850 times its body mass but actual measurements on a much smaller (and relatively stronger: see square-cube law) species of rhinoceros beetle shows a carrying capacity only up to 100 times their body mass, at which point they can barely move. Life cycle The larval stage of the Hercules beetle will last one to two years, with the larva growing up to 4.5 inches (11 cm) in length and weighing more than 100 grams. Much of the life of the larva is spent tunneling through rotting wood. After the larval period, transformation into a pupa, and moulting, the beetle then emerges as an adult. Diet The larval stage of the Hercules beetle will feed on rotting wood during this two year stage.The adult Hercules beetle feeds on fresh and rotting fruit. They have been observed feeding on peaches, pear, apple, and grapes within captivity. Music: Kaddish (Instrumental Version) by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Plans for the world’s first “floating city” have been unveiled by California-based company Seasteading Institute, who have just signed a deal with the French Polynesian government to begin construction in the Pacific in two years' time. The Seasteading Institute has been working on its concept of what it calls “permanent, innovative communities floating at sea” for the last five years and has been searching for a host nation to trial it. The group is interested in the social aspect of a new kind of semi-independent community as well, seeing it as an ideal opportunity to try out new methods of running a society. From how to keep the atmosphere clean to potential new government styles, this could be a very interesting experiment indeed. “What we're interested in is societal choice and having a location where we can try things that haven't been tried before,” explained Randolph Hencken, executive director of the institute. Although he did admit “'I don't think it will be that dramatically radical in the first renditions.” The government of French Polynesia, a tiny Pacific state made up of over 100 islands, expressed interest in the project as rising sea levels is a very real threat to them and a permanent floating city could be an innovative way to deal with future displacement. However, they specified two objectives the project must prove before plans can go ahead: The city must benefit the local economy and it must prove environmentally friendly. If these can be met, draft legislation will be drawn up next year and construction is expected to begin in 2019. So far, the plans are mainly artist renderings and computer-generated designs of what the cities might look like, though the plan is for any floating community to include healthcare and medical research facilities, aquaculture farms, and sustainable energy plants. The design is based on a plan for floating platforms that can be rearranged according to each city’s needs. The platforms will be made from reinforced concrete and be able to support three-story buildings such as offices, apartments, and hotels for up to 100 years. With around 250 to 300 residents to begin with, the city is predicted to cost around $167 million. Whether it really will be feasible remains to be seen, but you can’t fault the institute for its imagination or the French Polynesia for attempting to address the future threat to its people now. We’ll be keeping an eye on how this develops. Music: Svadhisthana by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3ex2DEb https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/neptunes-overtone http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

This fully transparent solar cell could make every window and screen a power source. Back in August 2014, researchers at Michigan State University have created a fully transparent solar concentrator, which could turn any window or sheet of glass (like your smartphone’s screen) into a photovoltaic solar cell. Unlike other “transparent” solar cells that we’ve reported on in the past, this one really is transparent, as you can see in the photos throughout this story. According to Richard Lunt, who led the research at the time, the team is confident the transparent solar panels can be efficiently deployed in a wide range of settings, from “tall buildings with lots of windows or any kind of mobile device that demands high aesthetic quality like a phone or e-reader.” Today, Ubiquitous Energy, an MIT startup we first reported on in 2013, is now getting closer to bringing its transparent solar panels to market. Lunt cofounded the company and remains assistant professor of chemical engineering and materials science at Michigan State University. Essentially, what they’re doing is instead of shrinking the components, they’re changing the way the cell absorbs light. The cell selectively harvests the part of the solar spectrum we can’t see with our eye, while letting regular visible light pass through. Scientifically, a transparent solar panel is something of an oxymoron. Solar cells, specifically the photovoltaic kind, make energy by absorbing photons (sunlight) and converting them into electrons (electricity). If a material is transparent, however, by definition it means that all of the light passes through the medium to strike the back of your eye. This is why previous transparent solar cells have actually only been partially transparent — and, to add insult to injury, they usually they cast a colorful shadow too. Music: "What Must Be" by Dhruva Aliman mazon- https://amzn.to/3eAjEgC https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/what-must-be http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

How many solar panels would it take to power Earth? What would a world powered by solar energy alone look like? According to one study, it would need to be enough solar panels to fill an area about the size of West Virginia. The Sun powers our solar system, so could it power all our Earthly needs, too? And if it someday could, where would all those solar panels go? According to a graduate thesis by Technical University of Braunschweig student Nadine May, the number of solar panels needed to supply the entire world’s energy needs would fill just 25,000 square miles – or an area only slightly larger than the state of West Virginia. That doesn't seem like very much, unless you live in West Virginia. If the amount of solar panels needed were divided evenly in every country, they would take up just 127.5 square miles in each. (Granted, that would be asking a lot of smaller countries like Bahrain, whose total land measurement is only 295 square miles.) About these ads So larger countries would have to host more panels – maybe even on a per-capita basis. This graphic is a good projection of a possible disbursement of panels worldwide for energy demands in the year 2030. The graphic places about a quarter of all panels in the baking hot Saharan Desert. Why not just put all of the panels in the sunny Sahara or someplace similar? A few reasons. The more evenly distributed the panels are, the better; localization would help diversify infrastructure, reduce the inevitable power losses that occur over long transmission distances, and allow more countries to share the burdens of installation and maintenance. There's also the argument against centralizing our main energy source, which is where the world is currently with oil. According to this article, out of the current top 10 leading oil-producing countries, at least two are in current conflict and the political situation in five of the others is considered "unstable." Throughout history, the desire for commodities – oil, metals, food, etc. – has been a frequent cause of wars. So while it's interesting to imagine the land space needed to build enough solar panels to power the world, it's even better to imagine every country achieving, or at least approaching, energy autonomy thanks to a renewable source like solar power. While sunny countries would have an advantage, northern hemisphere countries like Germany are proving that solar power is just as viable. Even with only about 65 days of sunlight per year, Germany has been called the world's "unlikely leader in solar power." This past June, Germany got more than half of its total energy from solar power. Solar power generation is up by 34 percent this year. But while there’s a lot of good news about the potential of solar energy to scale up, the reality is that the technology to enable the creation of a worldwide solar energy grid isn’t here yet. Current solar panels can only capture 20 percent of the Sun’s energy, and to become a viable, wide-scale source of energy for the world, they would need to capture much more than that. Our power needs aren’t going anywhere, though, and neither is the Sun. So it’s an idea whose time may yet come. Music: Bottom of the Sea (Instrumental Version) by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Lockheed Martin to team up with NASA to build the first-ever Mars space station. Elon Musk announced his plans to have human settlers occupy Mars by 2024. But, he wasn’t alone. Mars Base Camp is the name for Lockheed Martin's planned crewed space station orbiting Mars. On Friday, the aerospace and defense company offered new details for its Martian space station, including plans for a surface lander.Engineers said NASA's Orion deep space transport vehicle served as the starting point for the lander's design. "We think you shouldn't invent anything new if you don't need to," said Robert Chambers, senior systems engineer at Lockheed Martin. The lander's engines would be filled by liquid-hydrogen/liquid-oxygen propellant while docked at the space station. The propellants would be made by splitting water molecules using energy supplied by solar panel arrays. The aerospace company also shared an idea for another task-specific vehicle, the Water Delivery Vehicle, which engineers said could potentially be built by another aerospace company. The WDVs would fetch water from nearby ice-covered asteroids. Lockheed Martin engineers said they anticipated Martian missions to be fueled by a water-based economy. The Mars Base Camp plans are being developed as part of NASA's Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships program. Lockheed Martin was granted nearly $1 million for their participant in the first phase of the NextSTEP program. Missions to the Red Planet via the Mars Base Camp would rely on NASA's Deep Space Gateway, the planned lunar space station. Earlier this week, Russia announced it would team with the United States in the planning and construction of the space station, which would serve as a jumping-off point for deep space missions. "Base camps are not a destination unto themselves," said Chambers. "They're a place from which you then set out -- in this case, to descend to the surfaces of other worlds." SpaceX's Elon Musk also announced plans for his company's own Mars mission this week at the International Astronautical Congress (IAC) in Adelaide, Australia, SpaceX CEO and Lead Designer Elon Musk provided an update to his 2016 presentation regarding the long-term technical challenges that need to be solved to support the creation of a permanent, self-sustaining human presence on Mars. He plans to pay for it by using the company's Falcon X rocket for international flights -- New York to Adelaide in 30 minutes. The lander, dubbed Mars Ascent/Descent Vehicle, or MADV, would ferry space station crew members down to the surface of the Red Planet for brief expeditions. "Each surface mission could last two weeks with up to four astronauts, and return to the orbiting Mars Base Camp without surface refueling or leaving assets behind," Lockheed Martin explains on their website. During a presentation at the International Astronautical Congress, held this week in Adelaide, Australia, Lockheed Martin engineers described the lander's supersonic retropropulsion system, which would use Mars-facing boosters to slow the lander's supersonic speeds as it approached the Martian surface. SpaceX's reusable Falcon 9 rockets used the same technology to safely land upright. Music: Overblue by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3eyYxeD https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/king-neptunes-travelling-merchants-and-their-adventures-in-and-beyond-the-sea http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Drug helps rotten teeth regrow, trial shows. Need for fillings could be reduced in future as study reveals natural ability of teeth to repair themselves can be enhanced using Alzheimer’s drug. Dentists have devised a treatment to regenerate rotten teeth that could substantially reduce the need for fillings in the future. The therapy works by enhancing the natural ability of teeth to repair themselves through the activation of stem cells in the soft pulp at the center. Normally, this mechanism is limited to repairing small cracks and holes in dentine, the solid bulk of the tooth beneath the surface enamel. Now scientists have shown that the natural process can be enhanced using an Alzheimer’s drug, allowing the tooth’s own cells to rebuild cavities extending from the surface to the root. Prof Paul Sharpe, who led the work at King’s College London, said: “Almost everyone on the planet has tooth decay at some time – it’s a massive volume of people being treated. We’ve deliberately tried to make something really simple, really quick and really cheap.” In the trial, in mice, the team showed that when defects were filled with a biodegradable sponge soaked in the drug, the tooth was gradually able to rebuild itself. Restoring the tooth’s original dentine structure is preferable because dental cements used in conventional fillings weaken the tooth, leave it prone to future infections – and inevitably erode or detach. In the case of large cavities, the tooth may eventually need to be extracted after undergoing multiple treatments. The new method, which would encourage natural tooth repair, has the potential to eliminate these issues, according to the scientists. “The tooth is not just a lump of mineral, it’s got its own physiology. You’re replacing a living tissue with an inert cement,” said Sharpe. “Fillings work fine, but if the tooth can repair itself, surely [that’s] the best way. You’re restoring all the vitality of the tooth.” The new treatment would not eliminate the need for the dentist’s drill, however, since decaying sections of the tooth would still need to be removed. “Sorry, you’re still going to have the drill, you can’t get away from that, I’m afraid,” said Sharpe. The therapy relies on a drug called tideglusib, which has been assessed as a potential Alzheimer’s treatment, and which is known to be safe for clinical use. Previous work by the team has shown that the drug stimulates stem cells in the centre of the tooth, triggering them to develop into odontoblasts (specialized tooth cells) and boosting the production of dentine, allowing larger defects to be reversed. “We get more of the cells, much quicker and they are more active,” said Sharpe. In the study, published in Scientific Reports, the scientists drilled holes into the teeth of mice, inserted a biodegradable collagen sponge soaked in the drug and sealed the tooth with a dental adhesive. A quarter of five-year-olds in England have tooth decay, data shows. When the teeth were examined several weeks later, the sponge had degraded and been replaced with new dentine. Collagen sponges are commercially available and clinically-approved. The dental preparation of the tooth would be almost identical to that required for conventional fillings, according to the scientists. A remaining question is whether the method will scale up successfully to human teeth, in which cavities can be significantly larger. The team are currently testing the technique in rats, whose teeth are about four times larger than those of mice, and if this is successful plan to apply later this year to carry out the first clinical trials in patients. Ben Scheven, an oral cell biologist at the University of Birmingham, said that preserving the live tooth tissue was increasingly viewed as a priority. “Dentistry is not only about filling and drilling but also about keeping the teeth healthy,” he said. “Especially since it’s an accessible and cheap treatment I can imagine this being used in the clinic.” Winnie Wong, a dentist based in Hertfordshire, said: “Clinically speaking, the best material is always natural tooth structure, so I’m sure this method will be encouraged by most dentists.” Wong added that the therapy could “cut down on trauma caused by dentists who are slightly overzealous in their caries removal”. “I think it would be welcomed among patients, as no one likes going to the dentist to have fillings and injections, no matter how nice we are!” she said. Music: The Inventor by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3eyYxeD https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/king-neptunes-travelling-merchants-and-their-adventures-in-and-beyond-the-sea http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

10- Iran --- There is a reason why Iran is nicknamed as ‘Fortress Iran’. Iran’s topography is mostly mountainous. Iran has a manpower of over half a million soldiers; 1658 tanks and 137 aircraft which can make a pitched conquest against it hard enough. Moreover, Iran has a network of underground missile bases which the government claims to have every 500 meters within every city and province. 9- Bhutan Bhutan is a secluded country tucked away in the Himalayas with an army of 6,000 men, no artillery and no airforce! The reason why Bhutan made it to this list is because of its history of never being invaded. Nowadays the invasion is impossible because of the terrain; 300 meters above sea level enough to cause altitude sickness and the tanks stand no chance either. In addition to that, a nice friend India has decided to take this little state under its protection. 8- Australia Australia is a floating desert in the middle of nowhere and the nearest military that could take them on is like 11,000 kilometers away. Yes, its Japan. To invade Australia, they would have to conquer the Outback; Which makes up 70% of the Australian landmass not to mention the desert spreading along thousands of kilometers enough to provide the Australian army vantage points to conduct guerilla raids. 7- Russia If Napoleon or Hitler were alive, it would be fun asking them how an invasion of Russia typically works out! Their historical armies were so powerful so they rolled into Russia, but after some time they just rolled back out. Russia is the largest country in the world. And the key to its safety lies in its geography and of course, its bitter climate. During world war II, the Russian army deliberately backed out leaving the Nazis stranded and freezing to death. Modern day Russia has the fifth biggest active military personnel at their disposal with a whooping 845,000 men. At times of need, Russia can also call upon their 3,500 military aircraft and its fleet of 350 warships. They also have some 7000 nuclear missiles; So even if someone survives their regular winter, it is unlikely to survive the nuclear winter. 6- North Korea One thing Kim Jong Un can brag about is his substantial army! North Korea has over a million of active soldiers; 4200 tanks and 222 attack helicopters; Which gives them a military larger than any other NATO country except USA. They are also believed to have nuclear weapons with a range to reach South Korea, Japan and probably the west coast of US. 5- Israel Israel has been in 8 wars in its 69 year history and has not lost One. Though it has a small army of 176,0000 troops. It is mandatory for their populace to train and serve in the army, women for 24 months and men for 36 months. This means that another one and a half million of its population is trained for warfare and the state could call them at the hours of need. Israel has also developed one of the best missile defense in the world called; The Iron Dome. It’s a crazy defense system where they shoot the enemy’s missiles out of the sky, with their own missiles. This defense mechanism has successfully brought down 90% of the enemy missiles before they reached their targets. 4- Canada Canada has a highly trained professional army of 95,000 soldiers and taking them would be a accomplishment. Just like Russia, Canada does not even need to launch its army. They just have to wait for the harsh and icy climate to do their job. On top of this, most of the Canadian population lives near the land border of the strongest military in the world and their ally; USA. 3- Switzerland Most people wonder that if Switzerland even has an army, that is probably because they are hardly ever in action. The country has been going reliably neutral since 1815. Even if an invasion interrupts them from their busy routine of making clocks, the Swiss army has the capacity to compete with their 150,000 military personnel and 156 aircraft. This sounds like a small number but it shall outmaneuver the enemy up the mountains and down the slopes! 2- Japan Even the Mongols who had a reputation to conquer lands could not overrun Japan! It took America to drop a couple of nukes to defeat Japan but it was not ever invaded. Japan has up to quarter million of soldiers and over 600 tanks at their disposal. Japan’s air force is the fifth largest and most technologically advanced with 1,590 aircraft in addition to the Godzilla. 1- USA The US invests whooping 596 billion dollars into its military every year which is more than the next seven nations combined. What tops it all is that America has enough nukes to kill everyone on earth several times over and over again. Music: Bulls Of Poseidon (More Kicks Mix) by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2MbZ3TF https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/snooper Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

For 130 years, dinosaurs have been classified as either bird - or reptile-hipped -- the first and all-important split in the trunk of an intricate family tree. However, a "revolutionary" study threatens to upend what has long been taken as gospel by preschoolers and paleontologists alike -- that a dinosaur's evolutionary history can be determined by the shape of its pelvis. "Our study overturns 130 years of dogma," said study co-author Paul Barrett of the Natural History Museum. "Our analysis suggests that animals like T. rex were actually more closely related to Stegosaurus" -- dinos once thought to be firmly on either side of the hip divide. A new dinosaur evolutionary tree, published in the journal Nature, proposes two new base groups, in which bird- and reptile-hipped lizards are now mixed. It also suggests that dinosaurs arose around 247 million years ago -- some 10 million years earlier than thought -- and in the northern hemisphere rather than the south. Barrett and a team examined a large sample of features of very early dinosaurs to learn more about the original, common ancestor and its first offshoots. The first dinosaur, they concluded, was likely a small omnivore that walked on its hind legs and had grasping hands. These aspects have been the subject of much scientific debate. But the most controversial finding concerns what happened next. Dinosaurs split into two main groups, but quite unlike those assumed until now, said the team. Birds find a home- Since the Victorian era, dinosaurs have been split into two categories: The bird-hipped (Ornithischia) and reptile-hipped (Saurischia). The Saurischia group was sub-divided into bipedal carnivores called theropods, which included the likes of Tyrannosaurus Rex and Velociraptor, and the massive, long-necked sauropods such as Brontosaurus. But under the new classification, bird-hipped dinos such as the three-horned Triceratops and armored Stegosaurus no longer comprise one of the two basal categories. Instead, they are sub-divided into a completely new category, called Ornithoscelida, along with theropods which were removed from under the reptile-hipped Saurischia. "We have... pulled Theropods out, but the old Saurischia limps on," as one of the two foundational categories, the study's lead author Matthew Baron from the University of Cambridge told AFP. The new Ornithoscelida category, he proposed, can be described as "bird-limbed". Its members share common hind-limb as well as skull features. "We propose that the dinosaur family tree actually looks very different from the version that has been accepted by scientists for the last 130 years," said Baron. For the first time, the ancestors of modern birds, reptile-hipped theropods, are grouped with bird-hipped dinosaurs into a single category. If the conclusions are correct, said Baron's colleague David Norman, "All the major textbooks covering the topic of the evolution of the vertebrates will need to be re-written." In a comment on the study, also published by Nature, Kevin Padian of the University of California described its conclusions as "revolutionary". "It will be interesting to see how paleontologists receive this original and provocative reassessment of dinosaur origins and relationships," he wrote. Baron said he looked forward to the debate. "We expect people in our field to test and retest our hypothesis and seek out new specimens and new data that may prove or disprove what we are proposing," he said by email. "This is by no means the last word on the subject." Music: Root Chakra Planet by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3ex2DEb https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/neptunes-overtone http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Weird alien like life forms and microscopic creatures in the deep sea...Music: Jujitsu Flow by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon - https://amzn.to/2B9tGa7 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortunes http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Roman technology is the engineering practice which supported Roman civilization and made the expansion of Roman commerce and Roman military possible for over a millennium (753 BC – 476 AD). The Roman Empire was one of the most technologically advanced civilizations of antiquity, with some of the more advanced concepts and inventions forgotten during the turbulent eras of Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. Gradually, some of the technological feats of the Romans were rediscovered and/or improved upon during the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Era; with some in areas such as civil engineering, construction materials, transport technology, and certain inventions such as the mechanical reaper, not improved upon until the 19th century. The Romans achieved high levels of technology in large part because they borrowed technologies from the Greeks, Etruscans, Celts, and others. Rome delivered fresh water to its people by building massive aqueducts that are still an engineering marvel today.The Romans enjoyed many amenities for their day, including public toilets, underground sewage systems, fountains and ornate public baths. None of these aquatic innovations would have been possible without the Roman aqueduct. First developed around 312 B.C., these engineering marvels used gravity to transport water along stone, lead and concrete pipelines and into city centers. Aqueducts liberated Roman cities from a reliance on nearby water supplies and proved priceless in promoting public health and sanitation. While the Romans did not invent the aqueduct—primitive canals for irrigation and water transport existed earlier in Egypt, Assyria and Babylon—they used their mastery of civil engineering to perfect the process. Hundreds of aqueducts eventually sprang up throughout the empire, some of which transported water as far as 60 miles. Perhaps most impressive of all, Roman aqueducts were so well built that some are still in use to this day. Rome’s famous Trevi Fountain, for instance, is supplied by a restored version of the Aqua Virgo, one of ancient Rome’s 11 aqueducts. Many ancient Roman structures like the Pantheon, the Colosseum and the Roman Forum are still standing today thanks to the development of Roman cement and concrete. The Romans first began building with concrete over 2,100 years ago and used it throughout the Mediterranean basin in everything from aqueducts and buildings to bridges and monuments. Roman concrete was considerably weaker than its modern counterpart, but it has proved remarkably durable thanks to its unique recipe, which used slaked lime and a volcanic ash known as pozzolana to create a sticky paste. Combined with volcanic rocks called tuff, this ancient cement formed a concrete that could effectively endure chemical decay. Pozzolana helped Roman concrete set quickly even when submerged in seawater, enabling the construction of elaborate baths, piers and harbors. For most of human history, literature took the form of unwieldy clay tablets and scrolls. The Romans streamlined the medium by creating the codex, a stack of bound pages that is recognized as the earliest incarnation of the book. The first codices were made of bound wax tablets, but these were later replaced by animal skin parchment that more clearly resembled pages. Ancient historians note that Julius Caesar created an early version of a codex by stacking pages of papyrus to form a primitive notebook, but bound codices did not become popular in Rome until the first century or thereabouts. Early Christians became some of the first to adopt the new technology, using it extensively to produce copies of the Bible. The Romans built the most sophisticated system of roads the ancient world had ever seen. These Roman roads—many of which are still in use today—were constructed with a combination of dirt, gravel and bricks made from granite or hardened volcanic lava. Roman engineers adhered to strict standards when designing their highways, creating arrow-straight roads that curved to allow for water drainage. The Romans built over 50,000 miles of road by 200 A.D., primarily in the service of military conquest. Highways allowed the Roman legion to travel as far as 25 miles per day, and a complex network of post houses meant that messages and other intelligence could be relayed with astonishing speed. Arches have existed for roughly 4,000 years, but the ancient Romans were the first to effectively harness their power in the construction of bridges, monuments and buildings. The ingenious design of the arch allowed the weight of buildings to be evenly distributed along various supports, preventing massive Roman structures like the Colosseum from crumbling under their own weight. Roman engineers improved on arches by flattening their shape to create what is known as a segmental arch and repeating them at various intervals to build stronger supports that could span large gaps when used in bridges and aqueducts.

How dangerous are meteors, comets & asteroids? The collisions of these objects with Earth are basically random events, but still we have some idea how often they happen. Localized destruction happens every couple of hundreds of years and is somewhat equivalent to a hydrogen bomb. Last such event happened in 1908 near Tunguska river in Siberia. The number of casualties depends on the place of impact (the objects of this size usually explode in the air before reaching the ground, just like an atom bomb). If a city is struck, casualties could be close to a million, while Tunguska event had zero to one reported casualty (reports vary). An impact in the ocean would create a tsunami and definitely produce significant destruction on the nearby seaside. These events usually do not leave a crater and typically involve a 100-meter asteroid or comet. A smaller object (around 20m diameter) struck Chelyabinsk Oblast in Russia and did cause over 1000 injuries. Most injuries occured when the blast destroyed windows and struck onlookers inside buildings who were looking at the fireball. Fortunately, there are no reported deaths from the Chelyabinsk impact. A regional destruction happens at intervals on the order of 100,000 years, and devastates an area a size of a mid-sized country. One such event we know of is an impact that occurred 700,000 years ago in Southeast Asia. These events usually involve 1 km sized asteroids an leave a craters tens of kilometers across. A global destruction happens less often than every 10 million years and involves an impact of 10 km asteroid making a 100+ km crater. K-T event, which caused the extinction of dinosaurs and other contemporary creatures falls into this category. The amount of destruction depends on the properties of rock in which the crater is being excavated. Unless acidic chemicals are released into the atmosphere such an impact does not necessarily have to produce a mass extinction. In any case, such an impact today would cause casualties among humans in the billions. It is highly unlikely that a regional or global destruction would occur anytime soon (next couple of centuries) since we have already discovered most of near Earth asteroids larger than 1 km, and none of them seem to be heading this way. A localized impact has a less than a percent chance to happen in any given year, so the level of risk at any given place or time is also low. Concerning smaller meteorites that hit the ground, they are a very low hazard and no human was ever reported being killed by a small meteorite (while one person was missing after Tunguska). I heard a story that a dog was killed by a meteorite that fell in 1911 in Nakhla, Egypt, and there were also instances of material damage. Still, traffic, pollution and even lightnings are much more dangerous than small meteorites. Originally, researchers focused their efforts on the largest asteroids: the objects 2 km (1.2 miles) and above. These are the space rocks that could cause wide scale devastation across the planet, affecting the climate and leading the the deaths of hundreds of millions of people. It was calculated that an individual might have a 1-in-25,000 chance of dying in an asteroid impact. There are many variables that go into calculating the resulting destruction from an impact. You have to consider the velocity, if it’s a metallic or rocky asteroid, and whether it’s fragmented or not. What should the response be of national and international emergency management officials to a prediction that a 35 m NEA will strike a populated country a decade in the future? Following current interpretations, we would simply tell people near ground-zero to stay inside and not look directly at the high-altitude explosion. But if objects of that size could cause Tunguska-like damage, we might not only evacuate people for 100 km surrounding ground-zero but we would certainly consider a space mission to move or blow-up the threatening NEA. Originally, researchers thought that Tunguska level events happened once in 4,000 years, but it might be more common, maybe as often as 1-in-700. And perhaps even smaller, more common, asteroids could still cause destruction on the ground – 1-in-200 years. If Spaceguard Two Survey gets going, it should locate most of the larger asteroids, but even 50% of the Tunguska-sized impactors. It will even be tracking 1-2 million 30 metre objects. And if one of those rocks is on a collision course with Earth, governments and space agencies will be able to work out an evacuation or prevention strategy. Music: Compression by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3eLFy0P https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hello-moon http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Since it’s inception right up until the modern era the sword has always represented a sense of power and justice whilst influencing many significant moments throughout history. Today we can see many reminders of our sword fighting past, a man buttons his coat left over right which in turn leaves his right hand free to draw his sword, we shake hands to show we are not armed, a gentleman supports a lady by the right arm because his sword hangs on his left. This film by the history channel delves into the world of sword fighting and making of the sword itself.

Enjoy these crazy, funny BANNED commercials that shocked the world. They may’ve been funny but they were still pulled from the small screen. From Burger King, Dorritos, Axe, Carl's Jr., Blu E-cigarettes, Veet shaving, and more.

Falch.com, a manufacturer, supplier and producer of high-pressure cleaners and jet systems from Germany enables cleaning of refinery oil tanks, at very economic prices. The right choice of internal and external tank cleaning depends heavily on the type of contamination. This also applies to cleaning of containers in heavy industry, agriculture, the construction industry, the beverage industry and the chemical industry with its reactor tanks and storage tanks. Rust (corrosion), lime, product deposits, caking, coatings, deposits and paints must be removed without any residue left behind. Tank cleaners used as high-pressure cleaners in combination with water jets remove dirt in tank systems, as well as silos and tank liners, as part of tank maintenance and renovation. The cost of this compares favorably to other methods, even in the removal of paint from tanks, and helps protect against corrosion. Music: Hit the Road (Instrumental Version) by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

It is estimated that on average, each airplane in the U.S. commercial fleet is struck lightly by lightning more than once each year. In fact, aircraft often trigger lightning when flying through a heavily charged region of a cloud. In these instances, the lightning flash originates at the airplane and extends away in opposite directions. Although record keeping is poor, smaller business and private airplanes are thought to be struck less frequently because of their small size and because they often can avoid weather that is conducive to lightning strikes. The last confirmed commercial plane crash in the U.S. directly attributed to lightning occurred in 1967, when lightning caused a catastrophic fuel tank explosion. Since then, much has been learned about how lightning can affect airplanes. As a result, protection techniques have improved. Today, airplanes receive a rigorous set of lightning certification tests to verify the safety of their designs. Although passengers and crew may see a flash and hear a loud noise if lightning strikes their plane, nothing serious should happen because of the careful lightning protection engineered into the aircraft and its sensitive components. Initially, the lightning will attach to an extremity such as the nose or wing tip. The airplane then flies through the lightning flash, which reattaches itself to the fuselage at other locations while the airplane is in the electric "circuit" between the cloud regions of opposite polarity. The current will travel through the conductive exterior skin and structures of the aircraft and exit off some other extremity, such as the tail. Pilots occasionally report temporary flickering of lights or short-lived interference with instruments. Most aircraft skins consist primarily of aluminum, which conducts electricity very well. By making sure that no gaps exist in this conductive path, the engineer can assure that most of the lightning current will remain on the exterior of the aircraft. Some modern aircraft are made of advanced composite materials, which by themselves are significantly less conductive than aluminum. In this case, the composites contain an embedded layer of conductive fibers or screens designed to carry lightning currents. Modern passenger jets have miles of wires and dozens of computers and other instruments that control everything from the engines to the passengers' headsets. These computers, like all computers, are sometimes susceptible to upset from power surges. So, in addition to safeguarding the aircraft's exterior, the lightning protection engineer must make sure that no damaging surges or transients can reach the sensitive equipment inside the aircraft. Lightning traveling on the exterior skin of an aircraft has the potential to induce transients into wires or equipment beneath the skin. These transients are called lightning indirect effects. Careful shielding, grounding and the application of surge suppression devices avert problems caused by indirect effects in cables and equipment when necessary. Every circuit and piece of equipment that is critical or essential to the safe flight and landing of an aircraft must be verified by the manufacturers to be protected against lightning in accordance with regulations set by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) or a similar authority in the country of the aircraft's origin. The other main area of concern is the fuel system, where even a tiny spark could be disastrous. Engineers thus take extreme precautions to ensure that lightning currents cannot cause sparks in any portion of an aircraft's fuel system. The aircraft skin around the fuel tanks must be thick enough to withstand a burn through. All of the structural joints and fasteners must be tightly designed to prevent sparks, because lightning current passes from one section to another. Access doors, fuel filler caps and any vents must be designed and tested to withstand lightning. All the pipes and fuel lines that carry fuel to the engines, and the engines themselves, must be protected against lightning. In addition, new fuels that produce less explosive vapors are now widely used. Music: Svad 2 by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2MbZ3TF https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/snooper http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet