Seeker Land

Maya Artifacts Found In World's Largest Underwater Cave Remains of giant sloths and proto-elephants were found interspersed with burnt human bones and ceramics in Mexico's Sac Actun cave system. Researchers from the Great Maya Aquifer Project announced the discovery of the world's largest underwater cave system in Yucatán after realizing that two massive cave systems in the Mexican peninsula were connected. Now, they're unveiling the findings to the public. "This immense cave represents the most important submerged archaeological site in the world," underwater archaeologist and National Geographic explorer Guillermo de Anda told National Geographic in January when the newly discovered system was announced. "It has more than a hundred archaeological contexts, among which is evidence of the first settlers of America, as well as the extinct fauna and, of course, of the Maya culture." Ancient Remains Researchers say the water level in the 215-miles-long Sac Actun cave system has likely fluctuated over time, providing a source of much-needed water during times of severe drought. For example, water levels rose more than 300 feet at the end of the Ice Age, flooding the cave system and preserving the remains of extinct megafauna. Humans likely didn't live in the caves, but probably visited them in search of water. In the system, underwater archaeologists found the 15,000-year-old remains of giant sloths, proto-elephants called gomphotheres, and bears, as well as an elaborate shrine to the Maya god of war and commerce. More than 120 artifact sites such as burnt human bones, ceramics, and wall etchings have been found in the caves, some dating back more than 12,000 years. One human skull covered in rainwater limestone deposits is 9,000 years old, de Anda says. Archaeologists have been exploring these cave systems for decades, and these latest discoveries are consistent with the human artifacts and megafauna previously found in the Yucatán's watery underworld. The enormous length of the massive Sac Actun system makes these new discoveries particularly remarkable. "It is very unlikely that there is another site in the world with these characteristics," de Anda says in a statement. "There is an impressive amount of archaeological artifacts inside, and the level of preservation is also impressive." Even so, experts warn that the Sac Actun cave system is threatened by pollution. Music: The Game by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

The AirFish 8 (AF8) is an 8-10 seater WIG Craft with a 17m x 15m footprint. It is designed to be operated by 2 crew and carrying capacity for 6-8 passengers in standard civilian transport configuration. It is powered by a powerful yet compact V8 car engine that runs on 95 Octane automotive-grade unleaded gasolines. Airfish 8 is designed and built to adhere to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) guidelines. Safe and Comfortable Fast and Fuel Efficient Environmentally Friendly Minimum Infrastructure to Operate Fitted with the engine of a race car -- specifically a 7-litre V8 engine -- and resembling the look of a sleek seaplane, the Airfish 8 is in fact classified as a merchant ship. Based in Singapore, the company behind it, Wigetworks, hopes to change the way people travel and offer a whole host of other uses with this innovative craft. For Sim Wong Hoo, a shareholder of Wigetworks and Founder of Creative Technology, the goal is to “transform, or revolutionize the high-speed maritime transport industry.” Hovering about 2-6 metres above water and with the capability to reach top speed of 180 km/hr -- 2 to 3 times faster than ferries -- the Airfish 8 doesn’t require a jetty or runway to dock since it lands on water. This means that island-exploration becomes all the more easier as the craft can reach areas where ferries and boats would be unable to. Explaining the possibilities to explore the thousands of islands in Indonesia, Philippines, Polynesia and the Caribbean amongst others, Sim shares that the craft, which currently sits up to 8 passengers, will no doubt offer a better alternative for travel to these countries and “open up many hitherto unexplored frontiers.” Using technology first started by the Russians in 1960, the Airfish 8 itself is based on a German prototype and is the world’s first to be registered as a merchant ship with the Singapore Registry of Shipping. Utilizing the Wing-In-Ground (WIG) effect, the craft essentially flies close to the water surface while supported by a field of high-pressure air beneath its wings and above the water surface. This creates the impression that it's simply gliding above a cushion of air. Travelling above the water surface also means there’s no hydrodynamic drag, making the craft much more fuel-efficient. According to Sim, take off and landing is relatively swift and effortless when the water is flat, but it can get a little rough when the waves are high. However, that only lasts for about 30-45 seconds, and once airborne, the ride would be smooth and easy regardless of the waves below. Besides the obvious island-hopping, Sim also explains how the craft could prove beneficial in other areas such as crew transfer from base to off-shore oil platforms, paramilitary applications for coast guards and marine police, oil spill recovery, transportation of cargoes, goods, and fresh seafood, as well as other military applications. “WIGs fill in a very nice niche in that it travels at the speed of seaplanes and helicopters, in a far safer manner, at a cost that is not much more - probably around the same as a high-speed boat,” said Sim. Currently in the trial phase, the Airfish 8 is slated to be operational by the second half of 2018. As for future plans, the team at Wigetworks intends to lower costs in order to appeal to mid-range resorts for transfers, as well as to explore hybridization, autonomization and create bigger, safer and more efficient crafts that fit up to 20-40 passengers. Till then, it could do you no wrong to start planning trips to some of the unexplored islands in the region. Music: SOS by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3eAjEgC https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/what-must-be http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Plants are a vital source of life, providing sustenance and oxygen to the human and animal inhabitants of the world. But is plant life closer to sentient life than expected? This documentary from Jacques Mitsch outlines the ways in which intelligence is defined - by recognizing one's environment and interacting with it; having a memory; being able to communicate and interact socially; and having a brain to coordinate everything. This film investigates the notion that plants are intelligent, evolved biological forms through interviews with researchers across the globe that are exploring the boundaries between animal and plant. Researchers in the Savannah desert find that populations of Kudu are mysteriously dying off, and make a surprising discovery – Acacia trees have developed a survival technique in response to dense herds of Kudu overgrazing. When the trees sense that they are being overtaxed they defensively release a toxic gas, eliminating the threat to their population. In examining the predatory nature of plants such as the Venus Fly Trap, the narrator explains that plants have learned to adapt to their environments. In the case of the Venus Fly Traps and other carnivorous flora, the plants compensate for nutritional deficiencies by eating insects, further demonstrating that they are capable of reacting to their environment. Scientists at Bonn University in Germany focus their studies on the exploration of plants' ability to recognize and respond to environmental stimuli. Using peas and beans as an example for their use of tendrils to seek out air and light, the researchers demonstrate their point by stimulating pea plants with sticks, causing the tendrils to react. They suggest that pea seedlings exhibit the capacity for memory and perception in their ability to grow upwards regardless of how they are positioned, i.e. a plant on its side reorients itself to continue vertical growth. Japanese researchers investigate the way plants function at the molecular level, asking how plants sleep, if they need sleep and what happens if they don't sleep? By recreating day and night cycles in artificial conditions, they manipulate their botanical test subjects in the hopes of proving that sleep and rest are not purely animal behaviors. A small but growing area of research, the study of plant intelligence is considered somewhat controversial and met with skepticism by the larger scientific community, but is no less important to our understanding of intelligent life be it human, animal or botanical. In the Mind of Plants provides valuable insight into this developing area of investigation and inspires viewers to consider our relationship with the botanical cohabitants of the world. #nature #environment #biology

CEO of armored car company sits behind the wheel of Mercedes while employee fires 12 of an AK-47 at him to prove how tough his vehicles are.Texas Armoring Corporation created a video to show the effectiveness of their armor. CEO R. Trent Kimball sat in the drivers seat of a Mercedes-Benz SUV. Total of 12 rounds fired at the windscreen. Company known for working with celebrities, oil barons and even the Pope. For everyone who has ever thought about shooting their boss - metaphorically, o fcourse - this one is for you. An employee of a Texas armored car company got to do just that this week to 'demonstrate that they take client safety seriously'. And to further that demonstration, the CEO was sitting alone inside the Mercedes-Benz as 12 rounds from an AK-47 rained down upon the SUV. The company, Texas Armoring Corporation, has supplied protected vehicles to the Pope, celebrities like rapper T.I. and actor Steven Segal and oil executives in West Africa, according to My San Antonio. Just another day at work: Kimball casually steps out of the vehicle that was hit 12 times The shots were fired by the company's sales and export compliance manager, Lawrence Kosub, who seemed very familiar with an assault rifle. In the driver's seat was Texas Armoring Corporation president R. Trent Kimball. All of Kosub's shots hit the windscreen and none of them breached it. 'When it comes to assuring our clients' safety, we take product testing extremely seriously,' Kimball says in a video taken of the display. 'Life is valuable - protect it,' Kimball adds at the end. Kimball does not address whether he is nervous before getting in the vehicle, but he doesn't appear to be. It has since been uploaded to YouTube and, as any good PR campaign should, will likely get them many more clients. Music: The Giant Killer by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/2B9tGa7 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortunes http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Nemo's Garden is an alternative system of agriculture, especially dedicated to those areas where environmental conditions, economical or morphologic reasons make plants growth extremely difficult. Nemo’s Garden Project may be described with three keywords: Eco-friendly: the underwater farm determines very minimal, if none, interaction with the marine environment and related ecosystems, exception made for a positive shelter-like effect. Self-sustainable: the underwater agriculture represents an alternative solution to the existing methods (sustainability). The use of renewable energy, the resource savings, the fresh water creation and its possible reutilization make Nemo’s Garden a self-sustainable system. Indeed, once the crop system has been activated by using fresh water obtained by desalination of seawater, it continues to sustain itself without any external support. Ecological: no pollution and no damage in the seawater occur. Inside each underwater farm an efficient ecosystem, composed of dynamically interacting parts including organisms (plants) and non-living components of their environment, is developed. Life processes, interactions, movements of materials and energy through living communities, biodiversity in the context of the marine environment are established. Nemo’s Garden is located in the Noli’s Bay close to Savona, Italy. The underwater farm, covering a surface of about 100 m2, 100 meters off the shoreline, is composed by 5 air-filled biospheres made by transparent plastic material that are anchored to the bottom of the sea. (The air is periodically refreshed and washed by using diver tank air for safety reasons). Made of acrylic, they hold approximately 2000 liters of air volume and are anchored to the bottom of the sea by 28 chains, floating at different depths (from 6 to 10 meters). Thanks to the sunlight, which penetrates the inner part of the dome, the interior of each biosphere becomes significantly warmer than the external sea, thus creating stable climatic conditions in which plants can easily grow. Each biosphere has a step grid where the divers may stand to operate. When a diver is in the biosphere 1⁄2 of their body is outside of the water. In the middle of the biosphere pentagon is the TREE OF THE LIFE, a 3.5 meters high by 3 meters large, metal structure of approximately 1⁄2-ton weight. It is a symbol of evolution and a sign of a momentum towards the future, innovation and technology. The TREE OF THE LIFE conceals the cables going to each biosphere, and controls the illumination for the entire habitat which is supporting 2 webcams, monitoring the area from the top. There are two webcams located in each of the 5 biospheres and one wide angle horizontal webcam at the bottom of the sea. Each biosphere is equipped with sensors for CO2, O2, humidity, air temperature and illumination. The external water temperature is checked in the shallower and deeper biospheres. A Gyroscope is checking the stability of each one. It is informing the surface that all anchors are properly working and registering any movement. COMMUNICATION: There is a wireless underwater communication network with a 100 meters range of operation from the TREE of THE LIFE. All divers with ultrasonic communication units may communicate with each other and also to the surface. When divers start the activity in the biosphere they can communicate with the surface thanks to the full duplex intercom communication system (located in each biosphere). CONTROL TOWER: Built on the shoreline, this facility is supervising the activity in the Nemo’s Garden. The Control Tower’s equipped with an ultrasonic surface communication system, to stay constantly in contact with divers operating underwater. Thanks to the full duplex intercom communication system the communication is available also when the divers get inside the biospheres. Equipped with 3 monitors and a laptop, from the TC is also possible to keep an eye on the underwater habitat, checking out the conditions 24/7. Thanks to this facility is possible to transmit all the images live (through Ustream) and to make a Skype conference call, connecting the underwater habitat to the rest of the World. All the data and images are stored and also shared through our website. Because of this, researchers can monitor the Nemo’s Garden activity. HYDROPONIC CULTURE IN THE BIOSPHERE: The vegetable cultivation is mainly managed by a hydroponic system. A spiral tube of approximately 10 meters is installed into the dome which has holes every 15 cm where a plastic cone is supporting Grodan; these are the seedbeds. Music: Bottom of the Sea by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

ALL CREDITS ARE LISTED BELOW... Song: Taken on a Hallows Eve ~ by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637- https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river- http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/- Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet Video Clips Below, IN ORDER-- Osama Bin Laden Dead_ SEALs' Dog of War Alligator head still alive Amazing Bunny Opens letter Im a cat... no wait, now Im a bunny Spider Cat Amazing Parkour Cat man killed by horse Moose Hit By a Car and Walks Away Moose Encounter Sheep Cyclone Car, ewe shall not pass Blue Water Spearfishing in Baja Crazy Horse Crash Horse Accident (Fogathajtó Baleset) Tiger Surgery - Big Cat Rescue curiosity (almost) killed the cameraman Lions Tackle Artis Heron at Zoo Cleaning the cobra pit Untamed and Uncut - Gator Attacks Handler Curious Baby Elephant Seal Seal Falls In Love With Woman Elephant Seal Pups Just Want To Cuddle Surfing Dolphins on St. Pete Beach Surfing with Jumping Dolphin in St. Pete, FL Kiteboarding with Dolphins - Freakin sweet! KILLER WHALE JUMPS ON GUY! Reindeer attacks reporter (High Quality) Reindeer Attacks Zookeeper Anchor can't stop laughing at fat cat #wild #strange #animals

ALL CREDITS ARE LISTED BELOW... Song 1: Return Of The Inventor (Original Mix) — Song 2: Doggy (Spacey Pooch Mix) by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg -Apple - https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 - https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river- http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ -Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet Video Clips from the following, IN ORDER-- Volcano Diver and https://xola.com/ (Sam Cossman Tours) Spectacular video ..Worlds youngest Volcano Chaser GoPro HERO4_ The Adventure of Life in 4K GoPro_ Epic Bridge Riding Lake Havasu top fuel October 11 262.238 mph Chinese boy unhurt after car runs over him Rush Hour by Fernando Livschitz GoPro_ The Ultimate Taxi Epic 360 Rotation On Giant Swing Biggest bicycle jump into a lake GoPro_ Formula Off Road Hill Climb Hidden Camera - The Last Exorcism 2 Prank in beauty shop HD Sam Odenborg Funny Vines_ Walking Down a Railing Like a Boss William Spencer - Skateboard loop tunnel toss Slackline Unicycling by Lukas Hilfiker GoPro_ Unicycling Moab GNCC POWERLINE PARK CRASH just jumping bikes and talkin on my phone Is This the Future of Wakeboarding_ - Beyond Perception Little Flyer Acrobatic Gymnastics Worlds 2010 Ukraine WG Combined GoPro_ Fireworks Flight With Gene Soucy World Record_ Highest Backwards Bowling Score Extreme Pizza Delivery Avant-Garde New York Trip Polyphonic overtone singing - Anna-Maria Hefele Music at End: Slave and Rose by Dhruva Aliman #supercut #amazing #skill

A Big Freeze, Rip or Crunch: how will the Universe end? Many theoretical physicists believe the Universe could end between 2.8 billion and 22 billion years from now, but they can't agree on its ultimate fate. The "most precise measurement" ever made recently suggested our Universe is expanding much faster than previously thought, casting doubts on earlier predictions and even calling into question Einstein's theory of general relativity. Just as the Universe started after a Big Bang, astronomers are now attempting to study this expansion to predict how the Universe will ultimately end. The rate of this expansion may eventually tear the Universe apart, forcing it to end in a Big Rip. Alternatively, the Universe could 'shrink', decrease or decay, effectively reversing the Big Bang and destroying the Universe in a Big Crunch. A third theory is described as the Big Freeze. Many theoretical physicists believe the Universe will end, and it could happen at any point between 2.8 billion years and 22 billion years from now. Certain researchers even suggest the process of its demise has already begun. "For a long time scientists, including Albert Einstein, thought the Universe was static and infinite," explained Thomas Kitching, lecturer in Astrophysics at University College London. "Observations have since shown it is in fact expanding, and at an accelerating rate. This means it must have originated from a more compact state that we call the Big Bang, implying that time does have a beginning." And it will likely have an end. By studying ancient light, astronomers can see the so-called "relic radiation" from the Big Bang, also known as cosmic microwave background. As the name suggests, Einstein’s special theory of relativity, shows that time is relative. Kitching continued: "the faster you move relative to me, the slower time will pass for you relative to my perception of time." This means that in our Universe of expanding galaxies, spinning stars and planets, experiences of time vary and everything’s past, present and future is relative. Cosmologists have used this theory, as well as data from studies of cosmic background radiation, to determine the 'cosmic age' of the Universe to be around 13.799 billion years old, and this can help predict how, and when, the Universe could end. The first theory claims the Universe will end with a Big Rip, as the pull of the Universe's expansion gets stronger than the gravity it contains. This would tear apart galaxies, followed by black holes, stars and even our own planet. Earth, and humanity with it, could slowly decay into radiation, collapse in on itself or be ripped apart as the Universe's expansion ramps up. This would leave the Universe full of single, disconnected particles. Another theory about the potential end of the Universe relates to the so-called ‘Big Crunch’. If, instead of expanding forever, matter in the Universe reaches a point where it starts to decrease over time, it could cause gravity to become the dominant force. This would ultimately cause the Universe to shrink and cause stars, planets and entire galaxies to collide into each other and the Universe would, for all intents and purposes, collapse in on itself. Put simply, if the expansion of the Universe slows to a crawl and the Big Bang happens in reverse, everything will implode back into a singularity. The third theory states that the Universe could end due to a Big Freeze. Also somewhat conversely called 'Heat Death', this scenario is believed to be the most likely according to what we already know about physics and the Universe. This term comes from the theory that, in the Universe and other isolated systems, entropy will increase until it reaches a "maximum value". Entropy comes from a principle of thermodynamics that covers energy and specifically refers to the idea that everything in the Universe eventually moves from order to disorder. As a result, entropy is the measurement of that shift. Music: Road of Fortunes by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/2B9tGa7 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortunes http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

What’s the Best Way to Blow Your Nose? When a cold strikes, nose blowing is often the easiest and fastest way to relieve symptoms. But people who blow with hurricane force can prolong their suffering. One expert, Neil Schachter, medical director of the Respiratory Care Department at New York’s Mount Sinai Hospital, explains how to recognize an improper nose blow. The Nose Knows A typical nose blow can generate 10 times as much pressure as sneezing or coughing, says Dr. Schachter, citing research conducted at the University of Virginia. The greater the pressure, the more likely it is that some mucus will shoot into the inflamed and narrowed drainage passageways of your sinuses and spread the infection. There isn’t a simple answer to the question, “how hard is too hard?” However, Dr. Schachter says, if you don’t feel any pressure in your sinuses before you blow and then feel it afterward, you have blown too hard. And beware of a crackling sound in your ears. “That’s excess mucus being blown back into the middle ear,” he says. Before blowing, especially when mucus is compacted in the nasal passages, Dr. Schachter recommends moistening the nasal passages with a saline spray or mist. This is especially important in the morning, since the nasal passages dry out during sleep. Simply squirt, give the mist a minute to settle and work, and then blow gently, one nostril at a time, Dr. Schachter says. He doesn’t see any added benefit in using a neti pot, a nasal-irrigation tool that floods the sinuses with water and, he says, can cause irritation. An Ounce of Prevention The best practice is to not get a cold in the first place, says Dr. Schachter, author of the “The Good Doctor’s Guide to Colds and Flu.” His number one helper is hand sanitizer containing alcohol. If there is a cold virus going around your office, it will linger on surfaces and get on your hands, he says. Sanitizer will help kill it. Still, hand sanitizer shouldn’t replace soap and water, which scrubs away dirt that can shield bacteria from the alcohol. If you catch a cold, Dr. Schachter recommends controlling symptoms with antihistamines rather than decongestants, which can increase blood pressure. Using nasal-spray decongestants can also have a rebound effect: After working for several days, the medication may make your symptoms worse, he says. Dr. Schachter says he also uses zinc lozenges at the first sign of a cold. He won’t take more than one or two a day and doesn’t advise using them as a regular preventive supplement because there is evidence that long-term zinc use can irritate the stomach and harm one’s sense of smell and taste. He says 500 milligrams of vitamin C might also reduce symptoms with fewer possible side effects, but can also irritate the stomach. He recommends two homemade cold remedies. The first, Dr. Schachter learned from his father, who was also a physician: warm tea with honey and a shot of liquor, such as schnapps. Then there is chicken soup. “It has been demonstrated that chicken soup has oils in it that when inhaled will reduce the symptoms of a cold,” Dr. Schachter says. “And you’ll feel loved when you drink it.” Music: The Inventor by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3eyYxeD https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/king-neptunes-travelling-merchants-and-their-adventures-in-and-beyond-the-sea http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Animation timeline of evolutionary history of life. All life on Earth evolved from a single-celled organism that lived roughly 3.5 billion years ago, a new study seems to confirm. The study supports the widely held "universal common ancestor" theory first proposed by Charles Darwin more than 150 years ago. Using computer models and statistical methods, biochemist Douglas Theobald calculated the odds that all species from the three main groups, or "domains," of life evolved from a common ancestor—versus, say, descending from several different life-forms or arising in their present form, Adam and Eve style. The domains are bacteria, bacteria-like microbes called Archaea, and eukaryotes, the group that includes plants and other multicellular species, such as humans. The "best competing multiple ancestry hypothesis" has one species giving rise to bacteria and one giving rise to Archaea and eukaryotes, said Theobald, a biochemist at Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts. But, based on the new analysis, the odds of that are "just astronomically enormous," he said. "The number's so big, it's kind of silly to say it"—1 in 10 to the 2,680th power, or 1 followed by 2,680 zeros. Theobald also tested the creationist idea that humans arose in their current form and have no evolutionary ancestors. The statistical analysis showed that the independent origin of humans is "an absolutely horrible hypothesis," Theobald said, adding that the probability that humans were created separately from everything else is 1 in 10 to the 6,000th power. Putting Darwin to the Test All species in all three domains share 23 universal proteins, though the proteins' DNA sequences—instructions written in the As, Cs, Gs, and Ts of DNA bases—differ slightly among the three domains (quick genetics overview). The 23 universal proteins perform fundamental cellular activities, such as DNA replication and the translation of DNA into proteins, and are crucial to the survival of all known life-forms—from the smallest microbes to blue whales. A universal common ancestor is generally assumed to be the reason the 23 proteins are as similar as they are, Theobald said. That's because, if the original protein set was the same for all creatures, a relatively small number of mutations would have been needed to arrive at the modern proteins, he said. If life arose from multiple species—each with a different set of proteins—many more mutations would have been required. But Theobald hoped to go beyond conventional wisdom. "What I wanted to do was not make the assumption that similar traits imply a shared ancestry ... because we know that's not always true," Theobald said. "For instance, you could get similarities that are not due to common ancestry but that are due to natural selection"—that is, when environmental forces, such as predators or climate, result in certain mutations taking hold, such as claws or thicker fur. Biologists call the independent development of similar traits in different lineages "convergent evolution." The wings of bats, birds, and insects are prime examples: They perform similar functions but evolved independently of one another. But it's highly unlikely that the protein groups would have independently evolved into such similar DNA sequences, according to the new study, to be published tomorrow in the journal Nature. "I asked, What's the probability that I would see a human DNA polymerase [protein] sequence and another protein with an E. coli DNA polymerase sequence?" he explained. "It turns out that probability is much higher if you use the hypothesis that [humans and E. coli] are actually related." No Special Treatment for Evolutionary Theory? David Penny, an evolutionary biologist at Massey University in New Zealand, called the grand scope of Theobald's study "bold." Penny had been part of a similar, but more narrowly focused, study in the 1980s. His team had looked at shared proteins in mammals and concluded that different mammalian species are likely descended from a common ancestor. Testing the theory of universal common ancestry is important, because biologists should question their major tenets just as scientists in other fields do, said Penny, who wasn't part of the new study. "Evolution," he said, "should not be given any special status." Music: Root Chakra Planet by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3ex2DEb https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/neptunes-overtone http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet #evolution #history #biology

Music: Dream Walking (Emerald Mix) by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon - https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 - https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river - http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ - Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet ....Astronomers and visualization specialists from NASA's Universe of Learning program have combined visible and infrared vision of the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes to create an unprecedented, three-dimensional, fly-through view of the picturesque Orion Nebula, a nearby star-forming region. Using actual scientific imagery and other data, combined with Hollywood techniques, a team at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, and the Caltech/Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) in Pasadena, California, has created the best and most detailed multi-wavelength visualization yet of this photogenic nebula. The fly-through enables people to experience and learn about the universe in an exciting new way. The three-minute movie, which shows the Orion Nebula in both visible and infrared light, was released to the public today. It is available to planetariums and other centers of informal learning worldwide to help audiences explore fundamental questions in science such as, "How did we get here?" "Being able to fly through the nebula's tapestry in three dimensions gives people a much better sense of what the universe is really like," explained the Space Telescope Science Institute's visualization scientist Frank Summers, who led the team that developed the movie. "By adding depth and structure to the amazing images, this fly-through helps elucidate the universe for the public, both educating and inspiring." "Looking at the universe in infrared light gives striking context for the more familiar visible-light views. This movie provides a uniquely immersive chance to see how new features appear as we shift to wavelengths of light normally invisible to our eyes," said Robert Hurt, lead visualization scientist at IPAC. One of the sky's brightest nebulas, the Orion Nebula, is visible to the naked eye. It appears as the middle "star" in the sword of the constellation Orion, the Hunter, and is located about 1,350 light-years away. At only 2 million years old, the nebula is an ideal laboratory for studying young stars and stars that are still forming. It offers a glimpse of what might have happened when the Sun was born 4.6 billion years ago. The three-dimensional video provides a look at the fantastic topography of the nebula. A torrent of ultraviolet radiation and stellar winds from the massive, central stars of the Trapezium star cluster has carved out a cavernous bowl-like cavity in the wall of a giant cloud of cold molecular hydrogen laced with dust. Astronomers and visualizers worked together to make a three-dimensional model of the depths of this cavernous region, like plotting mountains and valleys on the ocean floor. Colorful Hubble and Spitzer images were then overlaid on the terrain.

Buy Dive System on Amazon - https://amzn.to/2YDjxMh - Music: Bottom of the Sea by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 - https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 - https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along - Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet - NOMAD bLU3 floats on the surface of the water while a compressor takes fresh air and pumps it right to the diver through a 40-foot hose. More technical: An air compressor floats above the surface in an innovative, all-in-one, housing while a [40] foot and second stage regulator provide air to the diver. The compressor only sends air when needed by monitoring pressure in the hose, which conserves battery. The entire unit is battery-powered – charged with a single cable and can even be fully charged by an optional solar panel in about 3 hours. Easiest way to collect ocean data Data Collection Part of our mission at bLU3 is to develop a sensor package that seamlessly collects environmental data while you dive. We plan to develop integrated sensors to collect valuable data – such as GPS, depth, temperature (and many more to come) – in order to assist researchers and empower ordinary citizens. By using NOMAD + the sensor package, you’ll effortlessly become a citizen scientist. The goal is to prevent “Environmental Amnesia” – a term used to describe the unnoticed decline of ocean health over decades. We have to keep track of what is happening in order to stop it from happening. All you’ll have to do is connect NOMAD to your mobile app and it’ll automatically sync to an online database. The development of the sensor package is underway, but we cannot guarantee that it will be in production by the time that the first NOMAD units are sent out. Stay tuned so that you can keep up-to-date on our development in this area. Features: Waterproof touch interface Backpack latch system for easy carry Segmented Lithium Ion Batteries – carry on a plane! Auto-inflation – press inflate, and get ready to dive Watertight storage compartment for phone, wallet, etc. Built-in USB charging port for mobile devices, cameras, etc. Color LED Mode Indicator (Inflate, deflate, dive, low battery, etc) Low-battery alarm – hear the warning even underwater Optional Solar Panel – Recharges NOMAD in 3 hours Sensor Package Modularity – setup for future data collection #vacation #snorkel #swim

ALL CREDITS ARE LISTED BELOW... Music: “Air Baby” by Dhruva Aliman - Amazon Music- https://amzn.to/3eLFy0P - https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hello-moon Video Clips from the following, IN ORDER-- dog eats bean burrito video Dog Walks like Human Cat opens door for puppies Kitten bowling 4 Cute Kittens Sleeping in a Drawer Best Cat Toy Ever? Bizkit the Sleep Walking Dog Optical Illusion - Rotating Snakes My cat can see the rotating snake illusion! clever DOG climbs up the kitchen to get food Cat takes dog for a walk! Shows dog whose the bitch 特訓するねこ。 Достал кошку leopard attack in Siberian zoo Crazy Laughing Dolphin! Most intelligent Mimic Octopus in the world Music end credits: Slave and Rose by Dhruva Aliman https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet #funny #pets #compilation

Breathtaking pictures show the world's largest cave in Vietnam which has its own climate and CLOUDS. The spectacular Han Son Doong cave in Vietnam is so gigantic it could fit a 40-storey skyscraper within its walls.Tours are limited to 450 visitors each year in a bid to create a sustainable future for its vast caverns and plant-life With the eerie green glow inside the mystical, echoing cavern, Vietnam's Han Son Doong cave looks like it could be on the edge of the world. The huge cave - large enough to fit a 40-storey skyscraper - is so massive that it has its own climate, and clouds even form inside it. At more than 200m high, 150m wide and 5km long, the Hang Son Doong cave in Vietnam is so big it has its own river, jungle and climate. Australian photographer John Spies, 59, spent a week photographing the natural wonder of the cave system. "With ceilings towering over 200 metres high in places, the cave is a humbling and belittling experience," said John, who has lived in Thailand since 1977 and runs the Cave Lodge guesthouse It's not a trip for the faint-hearted - it takes a half day trek through a stunning jungle peppered with butterflies and a journey through knee deep rivers to finally get to the entrance of the colossal cave. Adventurous explorers must also pass through the third largest cave in the world, Hang Ev cave - used as a location for the Peter Pan blockbuster. Music: From Scales To Feathers (Thirsty Lizard Mix) by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

'Incredible shrinking airline seat': US court says seat size a safety issue - Passenger group challenged Federal Aviation Administration after agency rejected request for rules on seat size and distance between rows. The Flyers Rights passenger group says small seats bunched too close together slow down emergency evacuations. A US appeals court panel has said that federal officials must reconsider their decision not to regulate the size of airline seats as a safety issue. In a ruling on Friday, one of the judges called it “the case of the incredible shrinking airline seat”. The Flyers Rights passenger group challenged the Federal Aviation Administration in court after the agency rejected its request to write rules governing seat size and the distance between rows of seats. New York senator calls for FAA action over 'shrinkage' of airplane seats. A three-judge panel for the federal appeals court in Washington said the FAA had relied on outdated or irrelevant tests and studies before deciding that seat spacing was a matter of comfort, not safety. The judges sent the issue back to the FAA and said the agency must come up with a better-reasoned response to the group’s safety concerns. “We applaud the court’s decision, and the path to larger seats has suddenly become a bit wider,” said Kendall Creighton, a spokeswoman for Flyers Rights. The passenger group says small seats bunched too close together slow down emergency evacuations and raise the danger of travellers developing vein clots. FAA spokesman Ian Gregor said the agency was considering the ruling and its next steps. He said the FAA considers the spacing between seat rows when testing to make sure airliners can be evacuated safely. United Airlines considers shrinking width of seats, report says Read more The airline industry has long opposed the regulation of seat size. Its main US trade group, Airlines for America, declined to comment on the ruling. Airlines have steadily reduced the space between rows to squeeze in extra seats and make more money. On discount carrier Spirit Airlines, the distance between the headrest of one seat and that of the seat in front of it a distance called “pitch” is 28 inches (71cm), which, after accounting for the seat itself, leaves little legroom for the average passenger. This year, news leaked that American Airlines planned to order new Boeing 737 jets with just 29 inches (74cm) of pitch in the last three rows to make room for an extra row of premium-priced seats toward the front of the plane. American Airlines chief executive Doug Parker said on Friday that after objections from customers and flight attendants, the airline backed off. Those rows will have 30 inches (76cm) of pitch, which is still a tighter fit than the airline’s current planes. Flyers Rights said the average seat has become narrower too, shrinking from 18.5 inches (47cm) a decade ago to about 17 inches (43cm). The group got the judges’ attention. “This is the case of the incredible shrinking airline seat,” Judge Patricia Millett wrote in her ruling. “As many have no doubt noticed, aircraft seats and the spacing between them have been getting smaller and smaller, while American passengers have been growing in size.” The issue could wind up in Congress. Some lawmakers have proposed legislation to regulate seat size. Music: Compression by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3eLFy0P https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hello-moon http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Spherical Amphibious Robotic Vehicle Systems - GuardBot can traverse all types of terrain! Swimming in water is no problem! Heavy snowstorms pose no difficulty! Sand? Ready for action! GuardBot Inc. is a cutting edge engineering company focusing on the design and development of amphibious, spherical robotic vehicle reconnaissance systems. Guardbot was initially conceived for a planetary mission on Mars, and can operate in many demanding situations, as it can travel on paved road, off-road, sand, snow, sloped surfaces, and in water, where it can navigate upstream. Guardbot is designed for mission operations in broadcasting, surveillance, security, and detection. Guardbot moves using a patented drive-mechanism. The drive is produced by a motorized pendulum that propels the unit by changing its center of gravity. This design allows it to easily provide forward and backward motion as well as make 360-degree turns. Its advanced battery powered pendulum motion drive system can operate continuously for up to 25 hours on one charge and reach speeds of up to 9 mph on land and 3 mph in water. The custom battery itself can last 45 hours while stationary. The unique Guardbot robotic vehicle system can integrate advanced radio communication for command, control, and transmission via a variety of sensors including cameras, GPS, and audio. Guardbot’s robotic systems technology is scalable from 5 inches (14 cm) in diameter up to 7 feet (2.5m). Guardbot technology is protected by multiple patents. GuardBot has been featured on FOX News Phoenix, FOX News National, CNN, CBS Phoenix News, Robotics Business Review, Defense One, International Business Times, Canal+, Reuters, Monch Magazines, and Reddit. Music: Shifty Notions by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3eyYxeD https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/king-neptunes-travelling-merchants-and-their-adventures-in-and-beyond-the-sea http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

The yellow-headed blackbirds were migrating south when they suddenly and simultaneously died above the northern city of Chihuahua. A security camera captured the moment when scores of birds suddenly fell from the sky and died in northern Mexico. The video showed a flock of yellow-headed blackbirds hitting the pavement en masse in Chihuahua, about 230 miles south of El Paso, Texas. Local media reported that the incident happened last week. While many of the birds that were headed south from Canada — where they had spent the winter — recovered from the fall and flew away, dozens of them were dead and did not move. Music: The Takeover by Dhruva AlimanAmazon - https://amzn.to/2B9tGa7https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortuneshttp://www.dhruvaaliman.com/Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet #strange #mystery #surreal

10 amazing innovations making the world a better place. 1. This bin collects garbage from the sea. Seabin has a pump that creates a flow of water. The garbage is caught in a bag, allowing water to flow out back to sea. 2. This machine crushes beer bottles into usable sand. 200 grams of powder form each bottle is recycled to preserve beaches. 3. SaltWater Brewery created edible packaging to save sea life. The six-pack rings are made of barley and wheat. Sea life can eat the rings safely. 4. AIR-INK can turn air pollution into ink. it collects carbon soot from a car's exhaust. Then it is processed into a high-quality black ink. 5. These edible water blobs are biodegradable. The capsule is made from a seaweed extract. A greener solution to creating waste-free packaging. 6. This "Ocean Cleanup" machine has a giant floating pipe to capture plastic. The pipe moves with the waves and has floating anchors. The plastic is a; gathered in the center for a boat to remove. 7. Avani's biodegradable bags are saving sea life and reducing ocean pollution. They are made from cassava root and natural starches. Making them harmless for animal consumption. 8. This machine recycles tires. They are turned into rubber crumb for artificial grass. 9. Aquaponics combines fish farming and hydroponics. As the fish eat and grow they produce waste. The wastewater is given to plants as a fertilizer. The plants absorb the nutrients in the water and they are returned to the fish tanks. A natural process to growing food. 10. HomeBiogas 2.0 turns food scraps into cooking gas. The gas flows from the system directly to the kitchen stove. It can be fed up to six liters of waste and digest almost anything. HomeBiogas can also create fertilizer that goes back into soil. Read more: http://www.businessinsider.com/sai Music: The Inventor by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/3eyYxeD https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/king-neptunes-travelling-merchants-and-their-adventures-in-and-beyond-the-sea http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

While exploring "Ridge" Seamount, Deep Discoverer encountered an alien-like community composed almost exclusively of glass sponges with their concave sides directed towards the current. Video courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, 2017 Laulima O Ka Moana. Bizarre and beautiful animals are often seen in the deep oceans. The NOAA/Okeanos Explorer recently spotted some especially strange animals known as glass sponges in an underwater garden that they dubbed 'The Forest of the Weird'. Surprisingly these creatures are some of the longest living on Earth Music:Bottom of the Sea by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Losing weight is not an easy task. After just the first week your metabolism adjusts to a change in diet and losing additional weight becomes harder. But not only will burning calories be harder but you'll also get an increase in appetite. The reason for this is because fat cells release a hormone called leptin. This hormone signals your brain that you are full. Yet when you ave less fat, your amount of leptin drops. Even though losing weight may be a struggle, it has been shown that losing excess weight reduces strain on blood vessels, increases blood flow to the brain, and reduces health risks, such as diabetes, high cholesterol and hypertension. Music: Uncle Festus by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Scientists Successfully Edited the First Human Embryo Ever - U.S. Researchers in Portland, Oregon have achieved a significant breakthrough in gene-editing technology. Taking advantage of the revolutionary gene- editing technique, CRISPR, a gene linked to heart conditions was successfully “deleted” from a human embryo. Scientists Have Finally Created Metallic Hydrogen - For the first time in the wold, scientists created metallic hydrogen by applying almost five million atmospheres of pressure to liquid hydrogen. That’s about five million times the pressure we experience at sea level, and 4,500 times that at the bottom of the ocean. It is the first time a state of hydrogen has existed in a metallic state on Earth. In its metallic state, hydrogen could act as a genuine superconductor and could revolutionize everything from energy storage to rocketry. Scientists Discovered an Alien Planet That’s The Best Candidate for Life As We Know It. On April 19 this year scientists at the European Organization for Astronomical Research (ESO) found the best candidate for extraterrestrial life so far. The super-Earth named LHS 1140b was found in the habitable zone of a dim star 40 light-years away from Earth. It receives about half as much sunlight from its star, LHS 1140, as the Earth does from the Sun. “This is the most exciting exoplanet I’ve seen in the past decade,” author Jason Dittmann of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics said in an ESO press release. “We could hardly hope for a better target to perform one of the biggest quests in science — searching for evidence of life beyond Earth.” A World First CRISPR Trial Will Edit Genes Inside the Human Body.In one of the biggest scientific breakthroughs of 2017, scientists used the gene-editing technology CRISPR (the most accessible gene-editing technique so far) inside the human body for the very first time. A new human trial aimed to remove the human papillomavirus (HPV) by applying a gel that carries the necessary DNA coding to the cervixes of 60 women to disable the tumor growth mechanism. Breakthrough Initiative Will Grow Organs and Regenerate Human Tissue - Major strides have been made in the field of regenerative medicine. The Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine is currently leading projects to speed up the development of artificially growing human tissue and even organs in a lab to help patients worldwide. These new initiatives may one day repair nerve damage and even grow entire limbs and organs. SpaceX’s Historic Launch Proves Recycled Rockets Are the Future of Space Exploration - SpaceX made space launch history in March by successfully relaunching and re-landing a used Falcon 9 rocket booster via rocket descent. This is the stuff of old-school scifi. Already having been the cheapest orbital rocket system, this breakthrough brought the affordability down even more — a saving of more than $18 million per launch. Fluid-Filled Bag Lets Lambs Develop Outside the Womb. Humans Are Next - Physicians at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia have managed to imitate a woman’s uterus using a synthetic device in order to prevent mortality and disease of prematurely born children younger than 37 weeks. A New Breakthrough in Quantum Computing is Set to Transform Our World - A 51-qubit quantum computer was unveiled to the world at the 2017 International Conference on Quantum Technologies in Moscow, paving the way for a number of new possible applications of the technology. Music: Spirit Must Train by Dhruva Aliman Amazon - https://amzn.to/2B9tGa7 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortunes http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

Jupiter’s Great Red Spot: A Swirling Mystery - Jupiter’s most iconic feature is its Great Red Spot. A gigantic storm twice as big as Earth, the spot was first observed 300 years ago – and may have been churning long before that. Like a hurricane on Earth, the center is relatively calm, but farther out, the winds scream at 430 to 680 kilometers per hour (270 to 425 miles per hour). The largest and most powerful hurricanes ever recorded on Earth spanned over 1,000 miles across with winds gusting up to around 200 mph. That’s wide enough to stretch across nearly all U.S. states east of Texas. But even that kind of storm is dwarfed by the Great Red Spot, a gigantic storm in Jupiter. There, gigantic means twice as wide as Earth. With tumultuous winds peaking at about 400 mph, the Great Red Spot has been swirling wildly over Jupiter’s skies for the past 150 years—maybe even much longer than that. While people saw a big spot in Jupiter as early as they started stargazing through telescopes in the 1600s, it is still unclear whether they were looking at a different storm. Today, scientists know the Great Red Spot is there and it’s been there for a while, but they still struggle to learn what causes its swirl of reddish hues. Understanding the Great Red Spot is not easy, and it’s mostly Jupiter’s fault. A planet a thousand times as big as Earth, Jupiter consists mostly of gas. A liquid ocean of hydrogen surrounds its core, and the atmosphere consists mostly of hydrogen and helium. That translates into no solid ground like we have on Earth to weaken storms. Also, Jupiter’s clouds obstruct clear observations of its lower atmosphere. While some studies of Jupiter have investigated areas in its lower atmosphere, orbiting probes and telescopes studying the Great Red Spot can only see clouds scattered high in the atmosphere. Amy Simon, an expert in planetary atmospheres at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, said learning more about Jupiter and its Great Red Spot could help scientists understand Earth’s weather system better. Jupiter’s weather functions under the same physics as Earth, she said, just millions of miles farther from the sun. Simon also said Jupiter studies could improve our understandings of worlds beyond our solar system. “If you just look at reflected light from an extrasolar planet, you’re not going to be able to tell what it’s made of,” Simon said. “Looking at as many possible different cases in our own solar system could enable us to then apply that knowledge to extrasolar planets.” Studies predict Jupiter’s upper atmosphere has clouds consisting of ammonia, ammonium hydrosulfide, and water. Still, scientists don’t know exactly how or even whether these chemicals react to give colors like those in the Great Red Spot. Plus, these compounds make up only a small part of the atmosphere. “We’re talking about something that only makes up a really tiny portion of the atmosphere,” Simon said. “That’s what makes it so hard to figure out exactly what makes the colors that we see.” Like Simon, other scientists at Goddard work to shed light on the Great Red Spot’s mystery. Goddard scientists Mark Loeffler and Reggie Hudson have been performing laboratory studies to investigate whether cosmic rays, one type of radiation that strikes Jupiter’s clouds, can chemically alter ammonium hydrosulfide to produce new compounds that could explain the spot’s color. Ammonium hydrosulfide is unstable under Earth’s atmospheric conditions, so Loeffler makes his own batch by heating hydrogen sulfide and ammonia together. He then blasts them with charged particles, similar to the cosmic rays impacting Jupiter’s clouds. “Our first step is to try to identify what forms when ammonium hydrosulfide is irradiated,” Loeffler said. “We have recently finished identifying these new products, and now we are trying to correlate what we have learned with the colors in Jupiter. ” Other experts agree with the leading theory that deep under Jupiter’s clouds, a colorless ammonium hydrosulfide layer could be reacting with cosmic rays or UV radiation from the sun. But Simon said many chemicals turn red under different situations. “That’s the problem,” she said. “Is it turning the right color red?” Under the right conditions, ammonium hydrosulfide might be. With the Great Red Spot and other reddish parts of Jupiter, coloring may result from multiple factors, as opposed to just ammonium hydrosulfide. “Ideally, what you’d want is a mixture with the right components of everything that you see in Jupiter’s atmosphere at the right temperature, and then irradiate it at the right levels,” Simon said. Music: Here Today Gone Tomorrow by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/3dgKA52 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/hard-to-get-along http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

How To Build a Roaring Campfire - There is a primal link between man and fire. For ancient man, fire provided warmth, protection from wild animals, light in the dark wilderness, and a place to cook food. While fire is no longer vital to most men’s existence, it still has a magnetic power that attracts us. The flames of fire can inspire legendary stories, generate uplifting discussion, and build camaraderie among the men circled around them. Also, there’s nothing more romantic than cuddling up to your gal next to a warm fire. And I’d take some manly campfire-cooked grub over the food of a four-star restaurant any day. Thus every man should know how to start one and be well-practiced in doing so. Create Your Fire Bed When building a fire, always think about safety first. You don’t want to be that guy who starts a raging wildfire in a national park. If your camping site has a designated fire area, use it. If you’re camping in a more rugged area that lacks fire sites, you’ll need to make your own. Select a site away from trees, bushes, and other plant material. Your fire bed should be on bare earth, not grass (especially dead grass). If you can’t find a bare area, make your own by digging and raking away plant material, taking particular care in clearing away all dry plant material. Dry grass, branches, and bark catch fire easily. After you’ve cleared the area, it’s time to make your bed. Gather in dirt and place it in the center of your cleared area. Form the dirt into a “platform” that’s about 3-4 inches thick. Time to Gather Your Wood You’ll need three basics types of materials to build your roaring campfire: tinder, kindling, and fuel wood. Tinder. Every good campfire starts with good tinder. Tinder catches fire easily, but burns fast. Material like dry leaves, dry bark, wood shavings, dry grass, and some fluffy fungi make for good tinder. If you’re a smart camper, you’ll bring your own tinder in the form of dryer lint or homemade char cloth. Bringing your own tinder is especially important when everything outside is wet. Believe it or not, wet tinder does not catch on fire. Kindling. Tinder burns fast, so you’ll need something with more substance to keep your flame going. You can’t move directly to big logs. You’ll just smother your little flame. That’s where kindling comes in. Kindling usually consists of small twigs and branches. Go for something that’s about the width of a pencil. Like tinder, kindling needs to be dry or else it won’t burn as easily. If all you have are wet twigs and branches, try whittling away the damp bark with your pocket knife. Fuel wood. Fuel wood is what keeps your fire hot and burning. Contrary to popular belief, fuel wood doesn’t have to look like the huge logs you use in a fireplace. If you go too big, it’s going to take a long time for the wood to catch fire. Look for branches that are about as wide as your wrist or your forearm. General tips. When gathering wood for a fire, collect wood that snaps and breaks easily. Dry wood burns the best. If your wood bends, it’s too wet or “green.” If your try to make a fire with this sort of wood, you’ll just get a lot of smoke. Unlike tinder and kindling, fuel wood can be a little damp. The fire will dry it out, but it’s still not ideal. Collect twice as much tinder, kindling, and fuel wood as you think you’ll need. You’ll be surprised how fast you’ll go through tinder and kindling when you’re starting your fire. Teepee Fire Lay Place your tinder bundle in the middle of your campfire site. Above your tinder bundle, form a teepee with some kindling. Leave an opening in your teepee on the side the wind is blowing against. This will ensure that your fire gets the air it needs and will blow the flames onto the kindling. Continue adding kindling to the teepee, working your way up to pencil sized twigs. Create a larger teepee structure around your kindling teepee with your fuel wood. Place a match under your tinder. Because this lay directs the flame up, the flame should rise to the kindling and then on to the fuel wood. The teepee structure will eventually fall, and at this point you can simply add some fuel logs to the fire. Music: Uncle Festus by Dhruva Aliman Amazon- https://amzn.to/2Mgr7pg https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/the-wolf-and-the-river http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

By 2030 the average person in the U.S. will have 4.5 packages a week delivered with flying drones. They will travel 40% of the time in a driverless car, use a 3D printer to print hyper-individualized meals, and will spend most of their leisure time on an activity that hasn’t been invented yet. The world will have seen over 2 billion jobs disappear, with most coming back in different forms in different industries, with over 50% structured as freelance projects rather than full-time jobs. Over 50% of today’s Fortune 500 companies will have disappeared, over 50% of traditional colleges will have collapsed, and India will have overtaken China as the most populous country in the world. Most people will have stopped taking pills in favor of a new device that causes the body to manufacture it’s own cures. 33 Dramatic Predictions By 2030 over 80% of all doctor visits will have been replaced by automated exams. By 2030 over 90% of all restaurants will use some form of a 3D food printer in their meal preparations. By 2030 over 10% of all global financial transactions will be conducted through Bitcoin or Bitcoin-like crypto currencies. By 2030 we will seen a growing number of highways designated as driverless-vehicle only. By 2030, a Chinese company will become the first to enter the space tourism industry by establishing regular flights to their space hotel. By 2030, the world’s largest Internet company will be in the education business, and it will be a company we have not heard of yet. By 2030 over 20% of all new construction will be “printed” buildings. By 2030 over 2 billion jobs will have disappeared, freeing up talent for many new fledgling industries. By 2030 a new protest group will have emerged that holds anti-cloning rallies, demonstrating against the creation of “soul-less humans.” By 2030 we will see the first city to harvest 100% of its water supply from the atmosphere. By 2030 world religions will make a resurgence, with communities of faith growing by nearly 50% over what they are today. By 2030 over 50% of all traditional colleges will collapse, paving the way for an entire new education industry to emerge. By 2030 we will see a surge of Micro Colleges spring to life, each requiring less than 6 months of training and apprenticeship to switch professions. By 2030 scientists will have perfected an active cross-species communication system, enabling some species to talk to each other as well as humans. By 2030 we will see the first hurricane stopped by human intervention. By 2030 we will see wireless power used to light up invisible light bulbs in the middle of a room. By 2030 we will see the first demonstration of a technology to control gravity, reducing the pull of gravity on an object by as much as 50%. By 2030 democracy will be viewed as inferior form of government. By 2030 traditional police forces will be largely automated out of existence with less than 50% of current staffing levels on active duty. By 2030 over 90% of all libraries will offer premium services as part of their business model. By 2030 forest fires will have been reduced to less than 5% of the number today with the use of infrared drone monitoring systems. By 2030 over 30% of all cities in the U.S. will operate their electric utilities as micro grids. By 2030 we will have seen a number of global elections with the intent of creating a new global mandate, forcing world leaders to take notice. By 2030 traditional pharmaceuticals will be replaced by hyper-individualized medicines that are manufactured at the time they are ordered. By 2030 we will have seen the revival of the first mated pair of an extinct species. By 2030 swarms of micro flying drones – swarmbots – will be demonstrated to assemble themselves as a type of personal clothing, serving as a reconfigurable fashion statement. By 2030 marijuana will be legalized in all 50 states in the U.S. and half of all foreign countries. By 2030 cable television will no longer exist. By 2030 a small number of companies will begin calculating their labor costs with something called “synaptical currency.” By 2030 it will be common to use next generation search engines to search the physical world. By 2030 basic computer programming will be considered a core skill required in over 20% of all jobs. By 2030 we will have seen multiple attempts to send a probe to the center of the earth. By 2030 a form of tube transportation, inspired by Hyperloop and ET3, will be well on its way to becoming the world’s largest infrastructure project. Music: Coolidge (Instrumental) by Dhruva Aliman mazon - https://amzn.to/2B9tGa7 https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dhruva-aliman/363563637 https://dhruvaaliman.bandcamp.com/album/road-of-fortunes http://www.dhruvaaliman.com/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/artist/5XiFCr9iBKE6Cupltgnlet

The Gotthard Base Tunnel (GBT; German: Gotthard-Basistunnel, Italian: Galleria di base del San Gottardo, Romansh: Tunnel da basa dal Son Gottard) is a railway tunnel through the Alps in Switzerland. It opened on 1 June 2016, and full service began on 11 December 2016. With a route length of 57.09 km (35.5 mi), it is the world's longest and deepest traffic tunnel and the first flat, low-level route through the Alps. It lies at the heart of the Gotthard axis and constitutes the third tunnel connecting the cantons of Uri and Ticino, after the Gotthard Tunnel and the Gotthard Road Tunnel. The link consists of two single-track tunnels connecting Erstfeld (Uri) with Bodio (Ticino) and passing below Sedrun (Graubünden). It is part of the New Railway Link through the Alps (NRLA) project, which also includes the Ceneri Base Tunnel further south (scheduled to open late 2020) and the Lötschberg Base Tunnel on the other main north-south axis. It is referred to as a "base tunnel" since it bypasses most of the existing Gotthard railway line, a winding mountain route opened in 1882 across the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which was operating at its capacity before the opening of the GBT. The new base tunnel establishes a direct route usable by high-speed rail and heavy freight trains. The main purpose of the Gotthard Base Tunnel is to increase local transport capacity through the Alpine barrier, especially for freight, notably on the Rotterdam–Basel–Genoa corridor, and more specifically to shift freight volumes from trucks to freight trains. This both significantly reduces the danger of fatal road crashes involving trucks, and reduces the environmental damage caused by heavy trucks. The tunnel provides a faster connection between the canton of Ticino and the rest of Switzerland, as well as between northern and southern Europe, cutting the Basel/Zürich–Lugano–Milan journey time for passenger trains by one hour (and from Lucerne to Bellinzona by 45 minutes). After 64 percent of Swiss voters accepted the NRLA project in a 1992 referendum, first preparatory and exploratory work began in 1996. The official start of construction began on 4 November 1999 at Amsteg. Drilling operations in the eastern tunnel were completed on 15 October 2010 in a breakthrough ceremony broadcast live on Swiss TV, and in the western tunnel on 23 March 2011. The tunnel's constructor, AlpTransit Gotthard AG, originally planned to hand over the tunnel to Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS) in operating condition in December 2016 but, on 4 February 2014, the handover date was changed to 5 June 2016 with the start of an 850-day opening countdown calendar on the AlpTransit homepage. As of 1998, the total projected cost of the project was CHF 6.323 billion; as of December 2015, the final cost is projected as CHF 9.560 billion. Nine people died during construction. #engineering #worldrecord #long