Modern Man in Search of a Soul | Carl Jung
Modern Man in Search of a Soul was published in 1933 and is a comprehensive introduction to the thought of Carl Jung. The writing covers a broad array of subjects such as gnosticism, theosophy, Eastern philosophy and spirituality in general.
The first part of the book deals with dream analysis in its practical application, the problems and aims of modern psychotherapy, and also Jung’s theory of psychological types. The middle part addresses his beliefs about the stages of life and Archaic man. He also looks at the differences between his theories and those of Sigmund Freud.
In the last essays, Jung discusses psychology and literature, the basic postulates of analytical psychology as well as the spiritual problem of modern man, comparing psychotherapists and clergymen.
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
Introduction to Carl Jung
▶ Man and His Symbols (1964)
https://amzn.to/3lYyz94
▶ Modern Man In Search of a Soul (1933)
https://amzn.to/2G3mhw7
▶ Memories, Dreams, Reflections (1961)
https://amzn.to/3dAcD0z
Excellent books (in no particular order, choose what interests you)
▶ The Archetypes and The Collective Unconscious - C.W. Vol.9 Part 1 (1969)
https://amzn.to/3i93bl9
▶ Aion: Researches into the Phenomenology of the Self - C.W. Vol.9 Part 2 (1969)
https://amzn.to/3i74fG9
▶ Symbols of Transformation - C.W. Vol.5 (1967)
https://amzn.to/3xAyFJV
▶ Psychological Types - C.W. Vol.6 (1971)
https://amzn.to/3vugHa4
▶ Two Essays on Analytical Psychology - C.W. Vol.7 (1967)
https://amzn.to/2QJvr61
▶ The Structure and Dynamics of the Psyche - C.W. Vol.8 (1969)
https://amzn.to/3aNSi7q
▶ Psychology and Religion: West and East - C.W. Vol.11 (1970)
https://amzn.to/2QExWGR
▶ Psychology & Alchemy - C.W. Vol.12 (1968)
https://amzn.to/3aPxZ9z
▶ Mysterium Coniunctionis - C.W. Vol.14 (1970)
https://amzn.to/3eE5rAX
▶ The Red Book (2009)
https://amzn.to/3cNigJI
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 - Introduction
0:50 - 1. Dream Analysis in Its Practical Application
1:42 - 2. Problems of Modern Psychotherapy
2:40 - 3. The Aims of Psychotherapy
3:08 - 4. A Psychological Theory of Types
3:50 - 5. The Stages of Life
4:50 - 6. Freud and Jung – Contrasts
5:20 - 7. Archaic Man
6:17 - 8. Psychology and Literature
6:44 - 9. The Basic Postulates of Analytical Psychology
7:30 - 10. The Spiritual Problem of Modern Man
9:05 - 11. Psychotherapists or the Clergy
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🎶 Music used
1. Lightless Dawn – Kevin MacLeod
2. The Chamber – Kevin MacLeod
3. Aftermath – Kevin MacLeod
4. Cambodian Odyssey – Kevin MacLeod
5. Virtutes Instrumenti – Kevin MacLeod
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#carljung
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Crime and Punishment | Fyodor Dostoevsky
Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment first published during 1866, remains the most widely known Russian novel as well as one of the greatest achievements in world literature.
The book is disguised as a murder mystery, in which the reader knows from the start who has committed the crime. This in-depth exploration of the psychology of a criminal is at the heart of the novel, delving deeply into psychological punishment.
The main themes include alienation, suffering, morality, faith (or the God-man, Jesus Christ) and the “extraordinary man” (or the man-God), as well as the philosophical themes of nihilism and utilitarianism.
The protagonist Raskolnikov, is an alienated materialistic rationalist, as well as an atheist and nihilist, taken by the idea that God is dead, believing himself to be an extraordinary man allowed to transgress accepted moral standards for the common good, with a clean conscience.
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📘 The Book
▶ Crime and Punishment (1866)
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ Notes from the Underground (1864)
https://amzn.to/2DBRXas
▶ The Idiot (1869)
https://amzn.to/3bxKFRK
▶ Demons (1872)
https://amzn.to/2FexadH
▶ The Brothers Karamazov (1880)
https://amzn.to/324Kiem
📚 Other Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ The Best Short Stories of Fyodor Dostoevsky: White Nights (1848), An Honest Thief (1848), Notes from the Underground (1864)
https://amzn.to/3cNl9dw
▶ A Gentle Creature (1876) and Other Stories: White Nights (1848), The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877)
https://amzn.to/2R6sHzE
▶ The Gambler (1866) and Other Stories: Bobok (1873), The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877), A Christmas Tree and a Wedding (1848), A Nasty Story (1862), A Gentle Creature (1876)
https://amzn.to/3wCWeBk
▶ Poor Folk (1846) and Other Stories: The Landlady (1847), Mr. Prokharchin (1846)
https://amzn.to/39INaRs
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
0:55 Main Characters
2:19 The Story & Analysis
8:40 Epilogue
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📝 Sources
- Crime and Punishment: A New Translation (2019) - Michael R. Katz
- https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/crime/
- Crime and Punishment movie (1970) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4RbMsU2WElM
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#crimeandpunishment #dostoevsky #raskolnikov
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Existentialism in 10 Minutes
What is Existentialism? Existentialism is a philosophy that explores the problem of human existence, with an emphasis on the individual who starts in an apparently meaningless world, and who seeks to create meaning in a world without inherent meaning.
Existentialism is most commonly associated with several 19th and 20th century philosophers: Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Martin Heidegger, Jean Paul Sartre, and Albert Camus.
Many of these thinkers never used the term “existentialist” to describe themselves, some of them even rejected the label, while others accepted it. What they did share is a common template. Many of them regarded traditional systematic or academic philosophies too abstract and remote from concrete human experience and focused on the authenticity of the individual.
Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard is regarded as the father of existentialism, who along with Nietzsche, provided the basic foundations of 19th century Existentialism.
Core ideas to Existentialism include authenticity, individuality, subjectivity, freedom and responsibility, in order to understand and pursue the meaning of your life.
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
Dostoevsky
▶ Notes from the Underground (1864)
https://amzn.to/2DBRXas
▶ Crime and Punishment (1866)
https://amzn.to/3h2BIks
▶ The Brothers Karamazov (1880)
https://amzn.to/324Kiem
Nietzsche
▶ Human, All Too Human (1878)
https://amzn.to/2PDOmP7
▶ Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883)
https://amzn.to/2F89V55
▶ Twilight of the Idols or How to Philosophise with a Hammer and The Antichrist (1888)
https://amzn.to/2Ol1Miq
Kierkegaard
▶ Either/Or (1843)
https://amzn.to/3dAg9YP
▶ Fear and Trembling (1843)
https://amzn.to/3jUGhPx
▶ The Sickness unto Death (1849)
https://amzn.to/3j8oLrd
Camus
▶ The Stranger (1942)
https://amzn.to/33KgLaD
▶ The Myth of Sisyphus (1942)
https://amzn.to/3jQxA9n
▶ The Plague (1947)
https://amzn.to/2SG5j9L
Sartre
▶ Nausea (1938)
https://amzn.to/32Srwat
▶ The Wall (1939) and Other Stories
https://amzn.to/2PYlYY0
▶ No Exit (1944) and Three Other Plays:
https://amzn.to/33h0dH2
Heidegger
▶ The Question concerning Technology (1954)
https://amzn.to/3nWRZuz
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▶ https://amzn.to/332zPzN
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🎶 Music used
1. Dark Times – Kevin MacLeod
2. The Stranger – CO.AG Music
3. They Got Away – CO.AG Music
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#existentialism
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Sigmund Freud in 10 Minutes
Sigmund Freud was a neurologist most popularly known as the founding father of psychoanalysis. He popularised and structured the concept of “the unconscious”.
Some of his most popular concepts include: id, ego and super ego, Oedipus complex, free association, repression, libido and the psychosexual stages of development.
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📚 Recommended Books
The Interpretation of Dreams
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
0:50 Dream interpretation
1:32 Id, ego and super-ego
3:32 Free association and transference
4:13 Psychosexual development
5:10 1. Oral Stage
6:10 2. Anal Stage
7:20 3. Phallic Stage
8:26 4. Latent Stage
9:03 5. Genital Stage
9:31 Why You Should Read Freud
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🎶 Music used
1. Air Prelude – Kevin MacLeod
2. Lightless Dawn – Kevin MacLeod
Subscribe to Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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#freud #psychoanalysis #id
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Jacques Lacan in 10 Minutes
Jacques Lacan was a French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist sometimes referred to as “the French Freud” and is regarded as an important figure in the history of psychoanalysis. The Imaginary, the Symbolic, the Real and the Mirror Stage are some of Lacan’s most notable ideas.
His teachings explore the significance of Freud’s discovery of the unconscious, proposing a “return to Freud”
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📚 Recommended Books
The Seminar of Jacques Lacan: Book 1, Freud's Papers on Technique
▶ https://amzn.to/3r06VKp
The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis, Book II
▶ https://amzn.to/2YkmHUa
Seminar of Jacques Lacan: The Psychoses, Book III
▶ https://amzn.to/3t7rHtF
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
1:48 Lacan & Language
2:55 Register Theory
3:21 Mirror Stage
6:09 The Imaginary
7:18 The Symbolic
8:25 The Real
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🎶 Music used
1. The Stranger – Documentary Music – CO.AG
2. Anguish – Kevin MacLeod
3. Echoes of Time – Kevin MacLeod
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#lacan #theReal #psychoanalysis
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Greatest Philosophers in History | Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger is known as one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century. He is best known for his work in existentialism and phenomenology.
His early work as a phenomenologist and university professor culminated in his masterpiece and one of the most significant works of contemporary European philosophy: Being and Time.
The fundamental concept of Being and Time is the idea of Dasein, which simply means existence, it is the experience of the human being.
This video explores many of his key terms for an introduction to Heidegger’s thought. Most importantly: Being-in-the-world, ready to hand and present-at hand, facticity, thrownness, existentiality, fallenness, Das Man, temporality, being-toward-death and the fourfold.
The later Heidegger reorients his philosophical concerns towards poetry, language, and technology.
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ Being and Time (1927)
https://amzn.to/2XRZI2J
▶ The Question concerning Technology (1954)
https://amzn.to/3nWRZuz
🎧 Prefer Audiobooks? Get a 30-day Audible Plus FREE trial:
▶ https://amzn.to/332zPzN
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
3:15 Being and Time
4:03 Dasein
5:30 Being-in-the-world
6:45 Feature 1. Being as an issue
7:17 Feature 2. Care
8:30 Ready-to-hand and present-at-hand
11:04 Facticity
11:44 Existentiality
13:03 Fallenness
13:26 Das-Man
14:08 Authenticity and Inauthenticity
16:05 Being-toward-death
17:00 Temporality
18:40 The Turn
20:40 Technology
21:55 Only a God can Save Us
22:48 Heidegger's Controversy
23:45 Why You Should Read Heidegger
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🎶 Music used
1. Curse of the Scarab – Kevin MacLeod
2. They Got Away – Documentary Music – CO.AG
3. Air Prelude – Kevin MacLeod
4. Lightless Dawn – Kevin MacLeod
5. Dark Times – Kevin MacLeod
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#heidegger #dasein #beingandtime
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Kierkegaard and Nietzsche | Giants of Existentialism
Søren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche provided the basic foundations of 19th century Existentialism. They can both be considered as the Giants of Existentialism.
Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasises the existence of the individual as a free and responsible agent determining their own development.
Kierkegaard (commonly regarded as the Father of Existentialism) and Nietzsche ended up savagely criticising Christianity, recognising that God no longer exists in the minds of most people. People live falsely religious lives and follow a herd mentality.
In much Kierkegaard and Nietzsche are alike, in the moral decline of society and the corruption of religion, in their existential orientation and in their psychological interests, however they were absolutely opposed on what it means to live a human life to the fullest. This is largely precipitated by Nietzsche’s complete disillusionment with religion in contrast to Kierkegaard’s continued faith in the existence of God.
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
Kierkegaard
▶ Either/Or (1843)
https://amzn.to/3dAg9YP
▶ Fear and Trembling (1843)
https://amzn.to/3jUGhPx
▶ The Concept of Anxiety (1844)
https://amzn.to/3mlwJjh
▶ Stages on Life's Way (1845)
https://amzn.to/3wtaJYb
▶ Works of Love (1847)
https://amzn.to/31KcwtV
▶ The Sickness unto Death (1849)
https://amzn.to/3j8oLrd
▶ The Lily of the Field and the Bird of the Air (1849)
https://amzn.to/3ujEitt
Nietzsche
▶ The Birth of Tragedy (1872)
https://amzn.to/3uohsRi
▶ Human, All Too Human (1878)
https://amzn.to/2PDOmP7
▶ The Dawn of Day (1881)
https://amzn.to/3dyAE87
▶ The Gay Science (1882)
https://amzn.to/36rijIf
▶ Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883)
https://amzn.to/2F89V55
▶ Beyond Good and Evil (1886)
https://amzn.to/2DDjLLL
▶ On the Genealogy of Morals (1887)
https://amzn.to/3jj0izq
▶ Twilight of the Idols or How to Philosophise with a Hammer and The Antichrist (1888)
https://amzn.to/2Ol1Miq
▶ Ecce Homo (1888)
https://amzn.to/39L9j1E
🎧 Prefer Audiobooks? Get a 30-day Audible Plus FREE trial:
▶ https://amzn.to/332zPzN
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
7:10 Roots of Divergence
9:37 Kierkegaard
11:27 Nietzsche
13:31 Our Present Course
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🎶 Music used
1. Air Prelude – Kevin Macleod
2. Virtutes Instrumenti – Kevin Macleod
3. Dark Times – Kevin Macleod
4. The Chamber – Kevin Macleod
5. Black Vortex – Kevin Macleod
Subscribe to Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
https://www.youtube.com/user/kmmusic
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📝 Sources:
Altman, Christopher. (2003). Kierkegaard And Nietzsche: Contrasts and Comparisons.
Kellenberger J. (1997) Kierkegaard and Nietzsche. In: Kierkegaard and Nietzsche. Library of Philosophy and Religion. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Jan-Erik L. (2018) Kierkegaard and Nietzsche: anticipators and forerunners
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#nietzsche #kierkegaard #existentialism
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Thus Spoke Zarathustra | Friedrich Nietzsche
Thus Spoke Zarathustra: A Book For All and None was Nietzsche’s favourite of his creations. It is indeed one of the most fascinating and creative pieces of work in western philosophy.
It presents the journey of Persian prophet Zarathustra, who spends his time in solitude in the mountains for ten years and grows weary of his wisdom, beginning his down-going to humanity to teach them what he has learned.
Zarathustra's principal teachings are: the Übermensch (Overman), the Eternal Recurrence and the Will to Power.
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📚 Other Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ The Birth of Tragedy (1872)
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▶ Human, All Too Human (1878)
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▶ The Dawn of Day (1881)
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▶ The Gay Science (1882)
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▶ Beyond Good and Evil (1886)
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▶ On the Genealogy of Morals (1887)
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▶ Twilight of the Idols or How to Philosophise with a Hammer and The Antichrist (1888)
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▶ Ecce Homo (1888)
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
0:20 Part I. Zarathustra’s Prologue
3:42 Part I. Zarathustra’s discourses
6:50 Part II
8:35 Part III
9:09 Part IV
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📝 Sources
- Thus Spoke Zarathustra: A Book for Everyone and No One (Penguin Classics). R. J. Hollingdale (Translator)
- https://www.sparknotes.com/philosophy/zarathustra/
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Lovecraftian Cosmicism | Existentialism, Absurdism and Nihilism
H.P. Lovecraft was an American writer who is known for his creation of what became the Cthulhu Mythos and the creator of the literary philosophy known as Cosmicism, emphasising the Cosmic Horror of the unknown and the insignificance of human beings in the vast realms of space and time.
This video explores the peculiar philosophy of Cosmicism and its similarities with Absurdism, existentialism, and nihilism, three movements that arose from the human experience of anguish and confusion stemming from the Absurd, ultimately diverging to different perspectives on life.
Check out Nihilist Enigma
▶ https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCE0TUXIUkoptAEXH4V4hUcA/featured
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
The Complete Fiction of H.P. Lovecraft
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Nietzsche
▶ Human, All Too Human (1878)
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▶ Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883)
https://amzn.to/2F89V55
▶ Twilight of the Idols or How to Philosophise with a Hammer and The Antichrist (1888)
https://amzn.to/2Ol1Miq
Kierkegaard
▶ Either/Or (1843)
https://amzn.to/3dAg9YP
▶ Fear and Trembling (1843)
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▶ The Sickness unto Death (1849)
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Camus
▶ The Stranger (1942)
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▶ The Myth of Sisyphus (1942)
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▶ The Plague (1947)
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Sartre
▶ Nausea (1938)
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▶ The Wall (1939) and Other Stories
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▶ No Exit (1944) and Three Other Plays:
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction Lovecraft & Cosmicism
1:08 Nihilist Engima: Existentialism, Absurdism, Nihilism
2:09 Absurdism
3:26 Existentialism
4:34 Nihilism
6:00 Cosmicism
12:29 Cosmicism VS God
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🎶 Music used
1. Anguish – Kevin Macleod
2. Magnetic Documentary Background Music – CO AG Music
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7. Agnus Dei X – Kevin MacLeod
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📝 Sources
Rottensteiner, F. (1992). Lovecraft as Philosopher. Science Fiction Studies, 19(1), 117-121.
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The Sickness unto Death | Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard wrote one of the most remarkable theistic existentialist works of the 19th century, The Sickness unto Death is famed for the depth and acuity of its psychological insights.
Writing under the pseudonym Anti-Climacus, Kierkegaard explores the concept of ‘despair’. Despair is a deeper expression for anxiety which is a not-wanting-to-be-oneself. It is a "misrelation" that arises in the self when once cannot balance the eternal (God).
The book is centred in being oneself, an individual, one of many reasons he is considered as the father of existentialism. Kierkegaard wants us to be who we are.
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▶ Either/Or (1843)
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▶ Fear and Trembling (1843)
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▶ The Concept of Anxiety (1844)
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▶ Stages on Life's Way (1845)
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▶ The Present Age (1846)
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▶ Works of Love (1847)
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▶ The Lily of the Field and the Bird of the Air (1849)
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Background
0:47 Preface
1:12 Introduction
2:46 Part I. The Sickness unto Death is Despair
8:34 Part II. Despair is Sin
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📝 Sources
- The Sickness Unto Death: A Christian Psychological Exposition of Edification and Awakening by Anti-Climacus. Alastair Hannay (Translator)
- https://www.sparknotes.com/philosophy/sickness/
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The Myth of Sisyphus | Albert Camus
The Myth of Sisyphus is a philosophical essay by Albert Camus and is considered as one of the most popular existentialist works of the 20th century. It gave rise to the philosophy of Absurdism, sharing some concepts with Existentialism and Nihilism.
The fundamental concern of the book is the notion of the Absurd, which is best described as “the conflict between the human tendency to seek inherent value and meaning in life, and the human inability to find any in a purposeless, meaningless, and irrational universe.”
Camus draws from the absurd three consequences: revolt (we must not accept any answer or reconciliation in our struggle), freedom (we are absolutely free to think and behave as we choose), and passion (we must pursue a life of rich and diverse experiences).
The Myth of Sisyphus explores the value of life in a world devoid of religious meaning. His work can be seen as a reply to Dostoevsky and Kierkegaard.
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📚 Other Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ The Stranger (1942)
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▶ The Plague (1947)
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▶ The Rebel (1951)
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▶ The Fall (1956)
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▶ A Happy Death (1971)
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▶ The First Man (1994)
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 The Absurd
2:43 The Problem of Suicide
5:30 Revolt
6:52 The Absurdity of Existence & The Myth of Sisyphus
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📝 Sources
- The Myth of Sisyphus (Penguin Modern Classics). Justin O'Brien (Translator)
- https://www.sparknotes.com/philosophy/sisyphus/
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🎶 Music used
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Notes From The Underground | Fyodor Dostoevsky
Notes from the Underground is a novel published by Dostoevsky in 1864. It remains as one of the most important works of existentialist literature. In this work Dostoevsky attempts to justify the existence of individual freedom as a necessary part of humankind.
The novel consists of two parts. The first one, titled simply “Underground” is told through an unnamed narrator, known as the Underground Man. This part serves as an introduction into the mind of the Underground Man. The second part of the novel is called "Apropos of the Wet Snow”, where he begins to recount his troubled past experiences when he was 24 years old. His inability to interact with other people causes his attempts to form relationships and participate in life to end in disaster and drives him deeper underground.
Notes from the Underground launches an attack on all ideologies of social progress which aspire to the elimination of suffering (which cannot be eradicated), solving one problem and directing our nature to become unhappy in other ways. It is a novel against Utilitarianism, Utopianism & Rational Egoism.
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▶ Notes from the Underground (1864)
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ Crime and Punishment (1866)
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▶ The Idiot (1869)
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▶ Demons (1872)
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▶ The Brothers Karamazov (1880)
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📚 Other Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ The Best Short Stories of Fyodor Dostoevsky: White Nights (1848), An Honest Thief (1848), Notes from the Underground (1864)
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▶ A Gentle Creature (1876) and Other Stories: White Nights (1848), The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877)
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▶ The Gambler (1866) and Other Stories: Bobok (1873), The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877), A Christmas Tree and a Wedding (1848), A Nasty Story (1862), A Gentle Creature (1876)
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▶ Poor Folk (1846) and Other Stories: The Landlady (1847), Mr. Prokharchin (1846)
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
1:18 Part I. Underground
6:14 Part II. Apropos of the Wet Snow
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📝 Sources
- Notes from the Underground. Constance Garnett (Translator)
- https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/underground/
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🎶 Music used
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2. Aftermath – Kevin MacLeod
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Genealogy of Morals | Friedrich Nietzsche
Nietzsche's Genealogy of morals is among his most sustained and cohesive works. It consists of three essays: “Good and Evil, Good and Bad”, “Guilt, Bad Conscience and the Like” and “What is the Meaning of Ascetic Ideals?”
In the first essay, Nietzsche sets up a contrast between what he calls “master” morality and “slave morality” and shows how strength and actions have often been replaced by passivity and nihilism as well as that the revolt of slaves in morals begins in the principle of ressentiment.
The second essay looks into the origins of guilt and punishment, it shows how the concept of justice was born and how internalisation of this concept led to the development of what people called “the soul”.
In the third and final essay, Nietzsche dissects the meaning of ascetic ideals.
It is not Nietzsche’s intention to reject slave and master morality, internalised values out of hand or ascetic ideals; his main concern is to show that culture and morality, rather than being eternal verities, are human made.
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📘 The Book
▶ On the Genealogy of Morals (1887)
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📚 Other Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ The Birth of Tragedy (1872)
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▶ Human, All Too Human (1878)
https://amzn.to/2PDOmP7
▶ The Dawn of Day (1881)
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▶ The Gay Science (1882)
https://amzn.to/36rijIf
▶ Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883)
https://amzn.to/2F89V55
▶ Beyond Good and Evil (1886)
https://amzn.to/2DDjLLL
▶ Twilight of the Idols or How to Philosophise with a Hammer and The Antichrist (1888)
https://amzn.to/2Ol1Miq
▶ Ecce Homo (1888)
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
0:56 Preface
1:18 Essay I. “Good and Evil”, "Good and Bad”
3:57 Essay II. “Guilt”, “Bad Conscience”, and the like
6:56 Essay III. What is the Meaning of Ascetic Ideals?
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📝 Sources
- The Genealogy of Morals (Dover Thrift Editions)
- https://www.sparknotes.com/philosophy/genealogyofmorals
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2. Dark Times – Kevin MacLeod
3. Blue Feather – Kevin MacLeod
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5. Magnetic Documentary Music – CO. AG
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How To Practise Zen In Daily Life
This video explores how to practice Zen in daily life. Zen is a form of Buddhism. It originated in China, when Buddhism spread from India to China and was strongly influenced by Taoist philosophy.
Zen literally means “meditation”. Zazen or “seated meditation” is the primary practice of the Zen Buddhist tradition. Unlike religion, Zen does not mention God, it does not try to explain how the world was created and what happens after death.
It highlights meditation as a way of experiencing basic reality. Sitting quietly, going deep and asking the question: What am I? That is the fundamental question in Zen. It begins with the curiosity and wonder of who you are.
Be present and see what is happening, not your fantasy about what is happening but seeing what’s actually happening and then responding. That in a nutshell, is Zen practice, and Zen life. To be really present in this moment.
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▶ The Spirit of Zen
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▶ Zen as F*ck
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Thanks to Zen Master Bon Soeng for his lectures
https://www.youtube.com/c/EmptyGateZenCenterBerkeley/videos
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🎶 Music used
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Dostoevsky's Raskolnikov VS Nietzsche's Ubermensch
This video explores Dostoevsky's Raskolnikov presented in Crime and Punishment and Nietzsche's concept of the Ubermensch.
Raskolnikov’s pride separates him from society, he sees himself as a sort of “higher man”, indeed an ubermensch, a person who is extraordinary and thus above all moral rules that govern the rest of humanity, and so he cannot relate to anyone of the ordinary people "the herd", who must live in obedience and do not have the right to overstep the law.
Although it is almost sure that Dostoevsky, who died in 1881, had never even heard the name of Nietzsche. Nietzsche on the other hand, not only knew some of Dostoevsky’s principal works, but actually acknowledged that he regarded him as the only psychologist from whom he had anything to learn.
Nietzsche and Dostoevsky together both had strikingly similar themes, both were haunted by central questions surrounding the human existence, especially ones concerning God. They were both keen questioners and doubters. Both were “underworld minds” unable to come to terms either with other people or with the conditions they saw around them and both of them desperately wanted to create truth.
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Nietzsche
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
1:57 Nietzsche’s Ubermensch
4:02 Dostoevsky’s Raskolnikov
7:00 Conclusion Nietzsche and Dostoevsky
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Sources used:
Lavrin, J. (1969). A Note on Nietzsche and Dostoevsky. The Russian Review, 28(2), 160-170.
Evlampiev (2002) Dostoevsky and Nietzsche: Toward a New Metaphysics of Man, Russian Studies in Philosophy, 41:3, 7-32
Jackson, R. (1982). Nietzsche and Dostoevsky: Counterpoint. The Comparatist, 6, 24-34.
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NIETZSCHE: The Philosophy of Laughter
Nietzsche and the Philosophy of Laughter. Nietzsche frequently laughs and he especially recommends laughing at oneself. He does not speak of just any laugh, but of a laugh that comes from the depths of man. It is from that depth that one must learn to laugh the superhuman laugh. This laughter arises from the state of anguish and suffering. This is Nietzsche's answer to the absurdity of life and the comedy of existence.
Indeed, comedy must be included within the very art that Nietzsche proclaims is: “the highest task and the true metaphysical activity of this life.”
Perhaps best expressed in his masterpiece Thus Spoke Zarathustra, where the prophet Zarathustra, talks about the “laughter of the herd” and the “laughter of the height”. Other books worthy of mention are: The Gay Science, Beyond Good and Evil and The Will to Power.
Recommended video: Nietzsche's Laughter of the Herd and Laughter of the Height (Make sure to subscribe to The Living Philosophy!)
▶ https://youtu.be/EEB2JSwz_qk
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▶ The Dawn of Day (1881)
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▶ The Gay Science (1882)
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▶ Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883)
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▶ Beyond Good and Evil (1886)
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▶ On the Genealogy of Morals (1887)
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▶ Twilight of the Idols or How to Philosophise with a Hammer and The Antichrist (1888)
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Sources
Weeks, M. (2004). Beyond a Joke: Nietzsche and the Birth of "Super-Laughter". Journal of Nietzsche Studies, (27), 1-17.
Gonzalo Aldonati, L. Entre la peste y la risa superadora. Una introducción al concepto de risa en la ciencia jovial. Revista de Filosofía Ὁδός Número 5, Año 3, Vol. 3, pp. 10-23
Rudar, M. (2014). Nietzsche and Comedy: Provocative Laughter Amidst a Tragic Philosophy (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University).
Alfano, M. (2019). Sense of Humor. In Nietzsche's Moral Psychology (pp. 216-232). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lippitt, J. (1992). Nietzsche, Zarathustra and the status of laughter. The British Journal of Aesthetics, 32(1), 39-49.
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
1:50 Laughter of the Height and Laughter of the Herd
5:06 The Three Metamorphoses
8:10 Becoming Who One Is
11:20 Social aspects of Humour
12:26 Tragedy and Comedy
14:41 Conclusion
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The Absurd – Camus, Kierkegaard & Dostoevsky | Existentialism
This video explores the concept of The Absurd of Camus, Kierkegaard, and Dostoevsky as well as the differences between these three existentialists.
The Absurd is the conflict between the human tendency to seek inherent value and meaning in life, and the human inability to find any meaning in a purposeless, meaningless, and irrational universe, with the ‘unreasonable silence’ of the universe in response.
Camus contributed to the rise of the philosophy known as Absurdism. Most famously expressed in The Myth of Sisyphus. Sisyphus is the ultimate Absurd Man, a man condemned by the gods to a lifetime of rolling a boulder up a hill, only to reach the top of the hill and have the boulder inevitably roll back down to the bottom for him to start all over again.
Camus argued against the “leap of faith” of Kierkegaard and Dostoevsky considering it as “philosophical suicide”. His response to the absurd is to revolt, which he considers as the only coherent philosophical position.
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A part of the script was made possible thanks to the Afterword of Camus' Belief in The Myth of Sisyphus by James Wood.
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Camus' view
1:53 Kierkegaard’s view
4:20 Dostoevsky’s view
6:57 The Absurd Man - Camus
7:57 Revolt – Camus
10:13 An Example of Rebellion: The Drowned and The Saved
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The Four Stoic Virtues | Stoicism as The Art of Living
This video focuses on the four stoic virtues: courage, justice, temperance, and wisdom. Stoicism is a philosophy most popularly associated with Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius.
The supreme goal being “living in agreement with nature”, allowing us to flow through life smoothly and with inner peace, flourishing as individuals and fulfilling our own human nature, achieving eudaimonia, commonly referred to as “happiness”, although a better translation would be “fulfilment”.
One of Stoicism’s main misconceptions is that it may seem cold-hearted or unemotional. This is simply not the case. In the beginning of Marcus’ Meditations, he spends a whole chapter reminding himself of the most important things about the most important people in his life, his family, and teachers.
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The script was made possible thanks to posts, books & talks made by:
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Donald Robertson
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
1:27 What is Virtue?
3:09 Courage
3:50 The Stoic in a Storm at Sea
5:38 Justice
6:42 Temperance
7:42 Dichotomy of Control
8:00 Wisdom
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Eastern Philosophy and Nietzsche | Buddhism and Hinduism
There are some good reasons to believe that Nietzsche was interested in Eastern philosophy during his lifetime, especially in Buddhism and Hinduism.
Both Hinduism and Buddhism are of interest to Nietzsche not in themselves, but as alternative positions from which to continue his attack on Christianity.
Although Nietzsche considers these philosophies as nihilistic (wrongly), he does indicate their profundity. It seems that he studied this material closely and appreciated it greatly.
Throughout Nietzsche’s books and notes, he refers to different aspects of Eastern philosophy on more than four hundred occasions, and in several of these he claims to be interested in it.
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▶ On the Genealogy of Morals (1887)
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Nietzsche on Buddhism
1:44 Why Buddhism isn't nihilistic
4:56 Nietzsche praising Buddhism
5:48 Similarities Nietzsche and Buddhism
6:51 Nietzsche on Hinduism
13:02 Similarities Schopenhauer and Nietzsche
13:36 Schopenhauer praising Hinduism
14:48 Similarities Zarathustra and Shiva
15:18 Nietzsche's India
15:46 Nietzsche glorifying Eastern Philosophy
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Sources
Ian Withy-Berry Nietzsche and Buddhism
Smith, D. (2004). Nietzsche's Hinduism, Nietzsche's India: Another Look. Journal of Nietzsche Studies, (28), 37-56.
Elman, B. (1983). Nietzsche and Buddhism. Journal of the History of Ideas, 44(4), 671-686.
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Greatest Philosophers In History | Albert Camus
Albert Camus was a prolific French-Algerian philosopher and author who contributed to the rise of the philosophy known as Absurdism. He is also considered to be an existentialist.
This video explores his main ideas: The Absurd, Revolt and Rebellion, as well as his most notable works: The Stranger (or The Outsider), The Myth of Sisyphus, The Rebel, The Plague, and The Fall. He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957.
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▶ The Plague (1947)
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▶ The Fall (1956)
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▶ A Happy Death (1971)
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▶ The First Man (1994)
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⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
4:58 Concept: The Absurd
5:51 The Stranger (1942)
8:06 The Myth of Sisyphus (1942)
13:21 Concept: Revolt
14:10 Camus’ similarities to Nietzsche & Stoicism
15:09 The Rebel (1951) and the concept of Rebellion.
17:39 The Plague (1947)
19:07 Camus and Sartre
19:54 Camus and Dostoevsky
20:36 The Fall (1957)
22:47 Why You Should Read Camus
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Greatest Philosophers In History | Jean Paul Sartre
Jean Paul Sartre is one of the key figures in the philosophy of Existentialism, which emphasises the existence of the individual or human subject who faces existential angst in an apparently absurd world.
This video explores his main ideas including: Nausea, the Absurdity of the World, Existence precedes Essence, Freedom, Bad Faith, The Look and Hell is Other People, among others.
Sartre had a great influence on many areas of modern thought. A writer of prodigious brilliance and originality. He worked in many different genres: as a philosopher, a novelist, and a cultural critic. Sartre is credited for revivifying and popularising Existentialism to the world after it had remained quite stagnant since the death of Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard.
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ Nausea (1938)
https://amzn.to/32Srwat
▶ The Wall (1939) and Other Stories
https://amzn.to/2PYlYY0
▶ Being and Nothingness (1943)
https://amzn.to/3ckKl9g
▶ No Exit (1944) and Three Other Plays
https://amzn.to/33h0dH2
▶ Existentialism is a Humanism (1946)
https://amzn.to/3ckmSoR
🎧 Prefer Audiobooks? Get a 30-day Audible Plus FREE trial:
▶ https://amzn.to/332zPzN
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🎧 Podcast ➔ https://anchor.fm/eternalised
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
3:50 Nausea
5:08 The Absurdity of the World
5:57 Existence precedes Essence
8:31 Freedom and Responsibility
11:35 Bad Faith
13:08 Being and Nothingness
14:42 The Being For-itself and The Being In-itself
16:27 The Being For-Others
16:53 The Look
18:31 Hell is Other People
19:19 Why You Should Read Sartre
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🎶 Music used
1. Curse of the Scarab – Kevin MacLeod
2. Lightless Dawn – Kevin MacLeod
3. Aftermath – Kevin MacLeod
4. Bent and Broken – Kevin MacLeod
5. Blue Feather – Kevin MacLeod
6. Magnetic – Documentary Music – CO.AG Music
7. Agnus Dei X – Kevin MacLeod
8. The Dread – Kevin MacLeod
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#sartre #existentialism #jeanpaulsartre
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Greatest Philosophers In History | Fyodor Dostoevsky
Fyodor Dostoevsky was a Russian novelist and a philosopher. His works explore human psychology in the troubled socio-political atmosphere of 19th century Russia.
His novels had a great impact on psychology, especially of people who lose their reason, who are nihilistic, or who become insane or commit murder. He is considered as one of the greatest psychological novelists in world literature.
His 1864 novel Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature. Dostoevsky's greatest novels include: Crime and Punishment, The Idiot, Demons and The Brothers Karamazov.
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ Notes from the Underground (1864)
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▶ Crime and Punishment (1866)
https://amzn.to/3h2BIks
▶ The Idiot (1869)
https://amzn.to/3bxKFRK
▶ Demons (1872)
https://amzn.to/2FexadH
▶ The Brothers Karamazov (1880)
https://amzn.to/324Kiem
📚 Other Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ The Best Short Stories of Fyodor Dostoevsky: White Nights (1848), An Honest Thief (1848), Notes from the Underground (1864)
https://amzn.to/3cNl9dw
▶ A Gentle Creature (1876) and Other Stories: White Nights (1848), The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877)
https://amzn.to/2R6sHzE
▶ The Gambler (1866) and Other Stories: Bobok (1873), The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877), A Christmas Tree and a Wedding (1848), A Nasty Story (1862), A Gentle Creature (1876)
https://amzn.to/3wCWeBk
▶ Poor Folk (1846) and Other Stories: The Landlady (1847), Mr. Prokharchin (1846)
https://amzn.to/39INaRs
🎧 Prefer Audiobooks? Get a 30-day Audible Plus FREE trial:
▶ https://amzn.to/332zPzN
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🎧 Podcast ➔ https://anchor.fm/eternalised
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
4:57 Notes from the Underground (1864)
7:06 Crime and Punishment (1866)
12:21 Nietzsche and Dostoevsky
13:20 The Idiot (1869)
16:38 Demons (1872)
18:57 The Brothers Karamazov (1880)
22:17 Why You Should Read Dostoevsky
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📝 Sources
- Biography: Dostoyevsky (1975) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zq4vrfS7kUQ&t
- The School of Life https://www.youtube.com/user/schooloflifechannel
- Jordan Peterson https://www.youtube.com/user/JordanPetersonVideos
- Dostoyevsky Discovered: A Biography https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zq4vrfS7kUQ&ab_channel
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🎶 Music used
1. Curse of the Scarab – Kevin MacLeod
2. The Stranger – Documentary Music – CO.AG Music
3. Kevin MacLeod – Lightless Dawn
4. Magnetic – Documentary Music – CO.AG Music
5. Anguish – Kevin MacLeod
6. Blue Feather – Kevin MacLeod
7. Hitman – Kevin MacLeod
Subscribe to CO.AG Music
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Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
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#dostoevsky #dostoyevsky #existentialism
150
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Greatest Philosophers In History | Søren Kierkegaard
Søren Kierkegaard was a profound and prolific 19th century writer and philosopher in the Danish Golden Age of intellectual and artistic activity. He wrote about how we choose to live and what it means to be alive, centred in the individual or “existing being”. He is regarded as the father of Existentialism. The stress of subjectivity is one of Kierkegaard’s main contributions.
His concept of anxiety or angst is one of the most profound pre-Freudian works of psychology. His most popular work includes the leap of faith, the concept of angst, the three stages on life (aesthetic, ethical, religious), among others.
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ Either/Or (1843)
https://amzn.to/3dAg9YP
▶ Fear and Trembling (1843)
https://amzn.to/3jUGhPx
▶ The Concept of Anxiety (1844)
https://amzn.to/3mlwJjh
▶ Stages on Life's Way (1845)
https://amzn.to/3wtaJYb
▶ The Present Age (1846)
https://amzn.to/2VsfyDm
▶ Works of Love (1847)
https://amzn.to/31KcwtV
▶ The Sickness unto Death (1849)
https://amzn.to/3j8oLrd
▶ The Lily of the Field and the Bird of the Air (1849)
https://amzn.to/3ujEitt
🎧 Prefer Audiobooks? Get a 30-day Audible Plus FREE trial:
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🎧 Podcast ➔ https://anchor.fm/eternalised
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
5:25 Kierkegaard’s “Philosophy”
9:21 Either/Or. The Two Stages: Aesthetic vs Ethical
11:17 Stages On Life’s Way. The Third Stage: The Religious
13:14 Fear and Trembling. The Religious vs The Ethical
14:08 Teleological Suspension of the Ethical
14:50 Knights of Infinite Resignation vs Knights of Faith
15:41 Anxiety and Angst
17:51 Leap of Faith
18:17 The Absurd
19:02 Find Your Own Truth
20:46 Kierkegaard’s Final Moments
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📝 Sources
From the Aesthetic to the Leap of Faith: Søren Kierkegaard
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYHk_TieMLQ&ab_channel=ThePhilosophicalResearchSociety
Kierkegaard - Sea of Faith - BBC documentary (Part 1 of 2)
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SmYVl4sgYr4
Kierkegaard - Sea of Faith - BBC documentary (Part 2 of 2)
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQlhRaXO110&ab_channel=ThePartiallyExaminedLife
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🎶 Music used
1. Curse of the Scarab – Kevin MacLeod
2. Thunder Bird – Kevin MacLeod
3. Crusade – Kevin MacLeod
4. Magnetic - Documentary Background Music – CO.AG Music
5. The Stranger – Documentary Music – CO.AG Music
6. Mechanolith – Kevin MacLeod
Subscribe to CO.AG Music
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#kierkegaard #sorenkierkegaard #existentialism
80
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Greatest Philosophers In History | Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher of the 19th century. He is regarded as one of the most revolutionary thinkers in Western philosophy and intellectual history. He was a cultural critic of his era, of traditional European morality and religious fundamentalism, especially of Christianity.
Nietzsche shares his views on how he wants us to perceive the world liberating ourselves from oppressive tradition. The main concepts revolve around self-overcoming, amor fati, perspectivism, human nobility, the will to power, the eternal recurrence, and the overman.
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📚 Recommended Reading (High Quality and Best Translations)
▶ The Birth of Tragedy (1872)
https://amzn.to/3uohsRi
▶ Human, All Too Human (1878)
https://amzn.to/2PDOmP7
▶ The Dawn of Day (1881)
https://amzn.to/3dyAE87
▶ The Gay Science (1882)
https://amzn.to/36rijIf
▶ Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883)
https://amzn.to/2F89V55
▶ Beyond Good and Evil (1886)
https://amzn.to/2DDjLLL
▶ On the Genealogy of Morals (1887)
https://amzn.to/3jj0izq
▶ Twilight of the Idols or How to Philosophise with a Hammer and The Antichrist (1888)
https://amzn.to/2Ol1Miq
▶ Ecce Homo (1888)
https://amzn.to/39L9j1E
🎧 Prefer Audiobooks? Get a 30-day Audible Plus FREE trial:
▶ https://amzn.to/332zPzN
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🎧 Podcast ➔ https://anchor.fm/eternalised
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
4:19 Self-overcoming
6:02 Perspectivism
7:21 Human Nobility
9:55 God is Dead
11:29 Critique of Christianity
13:44 Beyond Good and Evil
15:05 Thus Spoke Zarathustra
17:36 The Will to Power
18:59 The Eternal Recurrence
19:36 The Overman
21:15 Why You Should Read Nietzsche
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🎶 Music used
1. Curse of the Scarab – Kevin MacLeod
2. Thunderbird – Kevin MacLeod
3. Crypto – Kevin MacLeod
4. Decline – Kevin Macleod
5. Noble Race – Kevin Macleod
6. Midnight Society Pack #3 Dark Ambient, Horror Music – Myuu
7. Metamorphosis – Myuu
8. Blue Feather – Kevin Macleod
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Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
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━━━━━━━━━━━━━
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#nietzsche #overman #ubermensch
56
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The ART of WAR Explained | Sun Tzu
The Art of War is a book attributed to Sun Tzu, who is revered as a legendary historical military figure, as well as a philosopher, and whose real name is Sun Wu.
“The supreme Art of War is to subdue the enemy without fighting” – Sun Tzu.
The Art of War is not only concerned with modern warfare, but also spreads and influences the mindset of people in politics, games, and business. It presents a sort of philosophy, a state of mind or psychology for managing conflicts and winning battles. It is closely tied to the philosophy of Taoism, which follows the Tao or “The Way”.
This short book covers most elegantly the strategies that one ought to bear in mind for the defeat of the enemy.
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📚 Recommended book
▶ The Art Of War
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━━━━━━━━━━━━━
⌛ Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
2:23 Chapter 1. Laying Plans
3:06 Chapter 2. Waging War
3:42 Chapter 3. Attack by Stratagem
4:25 Chapter 4. Tactical dispositions
4:32 Chapter 5. Energy
5:06 Chapter 6. Weak points and strong
5:33 Chapter 7. Maneuvering
6:16 Chapter 8. Variation of tactics
7:09 Chapter 9. The army on the march
7:48 Chapter 10. Terrain
8:26 Chapter 11. The nine situations
10:10 Chapter 12. Attack by fire
10:24 Chapter 13. The use of spies
━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🎶 Music used
1. Prelude and Action - Kevin MacLeod
2. Asian Drums - Kevin MacLeod
3. Black Vortex - Kevin MacLeod
4. All This - Kevin MacLeod
Subscribe to Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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#suntzu #artofwar #theartofwar
77
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