Cryptostreets

Conversational agents (CAs) like Alexa and Siri are designed to answer questions, offer suggestions, and even display empathy. However, new research indicates that they fall short compared to humans in interpreting and exploring a user’s experience. CAs are powered by large language models (LLMs) that ingest massive amounts of human-produced data, and thus can be prone to the same biases as the humans from which the information comes. Researchers from Cornell University, Olin College, and Stanford University tested this theory by prompting CAs to display empathy while conversing with or about 65 distinct human identities.

Voyager 1, after overcoming a computer issue, has resumed sending scientific data from two of its instruments, with plans to recalibrate the remaining two soon. This marks significant progress in restoring the spacecraft, which is over 15 billion miles from Earth and requires over 22 hours for communications to travel one way. NASA’s Voyager 1 has resumed returning science data from two of its four instruments for the first time since a computer issue arose with the spacecraft in November 2023. The mission’s science instrument teams are now determining steps to recalibrate the remaining two instruments, which will likely occur in the coming weeks. The achievement marks significant progress toward restoring the spacecraft to normal operations.

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Everything you need to know ahead of Premier League Darts Finals Night on Thursday May 23 as Luke Littler, Luke Humphries, Michael van Gerwen and Michael Smith battle for victory - live on Sky Sports

Chelsea believe Thomas Frank, Enzo Maresca and Kieran McKenna all have the right attributes to replace Mauricio Pochettino; Frank is admired for the job he has done at Brentford, McKenna for his achievements at Ipswich Town, Maresca for his playing style at Leicester

Over-by-over updates from the first one-day international between England Women and Pakistan Women in Derby. Watch live on Sky Sports Cricket.

Man Utd boss Erik ten Hag on Harry Maguire being ruled out of the FA Cup final on Saturday: "Maguire is unavailable. He didn't make it. He hasn't healed as we expected." | Luke Shaw and Tyrell Malacia will also miss final but United's injury issues are easing ahead of clash with Man City

It is alleged West Ham midfielder Lucas Paqueta intentionally sought to 'receive a card from the referee for the improper purpose of affecting the betting market'; FA investigation was triggered by suspicious betting patterns surrounding injury-time booking received in draw at Bournemouth

It's the Premier League Darts Play-Offs at London's O2 with Luke Littler, Luke Humphries, Michael van Gerwen and Michael Smith in action. Watch live on Sky Sports Main Event & Sky Sports Action from 7pm.

We must find ways to motivate people if we want them to take action to curb climate change. To effectively communicate about climate change and global warming, it’s crucial to tailor your message to suit your target audience and your goals. Researchers have created an app designed to assist individuals keen on raising awareness about climate issues. This tool aims to maximize support, whether the users are researchers, politicians, decision-makers, or legislators. Huge survey involving 63 countries 59,000 people participated in surveys as part of the work on creating the app, and Norway was among the 63 countries involved. (You can read about what works best in Norway later in the article)

Recent research identifies “sharp wave-ripples” in the hippocampus as a brain mechanism that determines which daily experiences become permanent memories, with significant ripples during idle moments leading to memory consolidation during sleep. Neuroscientists have discovered over the past few decades that the brain converts some of daily experiences into lasting memories during sleep that same night. A recent study introduces a mechanism that decides which memories are important enough to be preserved in the brain until sleep solidifies them permanently. Led by researchers from NYU Grossman School of Medicine, the study revolves around brain cells called neurons that “fire” – or bring about swings in the balance of their positive and negative charges – to transmit electrical signals that encode memories. Large groups of neurons in a brain region called the hippocampus fire together in rhythmic cycles, creating sequences of signals within milliseconds of each other that can encode complex information.

The response to an updated vaccine is influenced by previous vaccinations but also produces broadly neutralizing antibodies. The COVID-19 pandemic has ended, yet the virus responsible continues to circulate, hospitalizing thousands weekly and frequently producing new variants. Due to the virus’s remarkable capacity for mutation and immune evasion, the World Health Organization (WHO) advises yearly updates to COVID-19 vaccines. However, some scientists worry that the remarkable success of the first COVID-19 vaccines may work against updated versions, undermining the utility of an annual vaccination program. A similar problem plagues the annual flu vaccine campaign; immunity elicited by one year’s flu shots can interfere with immune responses in subsequent years, reducing the vaccines’ effectiveness.

Research reveals that the gut microbiota affects mental health and social behavior, with studies showing that it can influence decision-making related to fairness, highlighting potential new therapeutic avenues. The intestinal microbiota—comprising bacteria, viruses, and fungi in our digestive tract—plays a crucial role in our health, extending beyond digestion. Recent research highlights its influence on cognition, stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and behavior. For instance, mice raised in sterile environments show impaired social interactions.

A newly identified link between two brain areas could influence eating behavior control. A recent study reveals that weaker connections between brain areas related to smell and behavior motivation are associated with higher BMI, suggesting these pathways influence eating habits and the perception of food reward. Why can some people easily stop eating when they are full and others can’t, which can lead to obesity? A Northwestern Medicine study has found one reason may be a newly discovered structural connection between two regions in the brain that appears to be involved in regulating feeding behavior. These regions involve the sense of smell and behavior motivation.

May 2024 witnessed one of the most significant solar storms in decades, featuring a barrage of solar flares and coronal mass ejections that caused historic aurora displays and tested the limits of scientific understanding of solar weather. May 2024 has already proven to be a particularly stormy month for our Sun. During the first full week of May, a barrage of large solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) launched clouds of charged particles and magnetic fields toward Earth, creating the strongest solar storm to reach Earth in two decades — and possibly one of the strongest displays of auroras on record in the past 500 years.

May 2024 witnessed one of the most significant solar storms in decades, featuring a barrage of solar flares and coronal mass ejections that caused historic aurora displays and tested the limits of scientific understanding of solar weather. May 2024 has already proven to be a particularly stormy month for our Sun. During the first full week of May, a barrage of large solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) launched clouds of charged particles and magnetic fields toward Earth, creating the strongest solar storm to reach Earth in two decades — and possibly one of the strongest displays of auroras on record in the past 500 years.

Study reveals a higher risk of accidents in urban areas across Great Britain from 2013 to 2017. Researchers call for measures to mitigate this risk as fossil-fuel vehicles are phased out. A study examining casualty rates in Great Britain from 2013 to 2017, and published in the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, found that pedestrians are twice as likely to be hit by electric or hybrid vehicles compared to those powered by petrol or diesel. The risk is greater in urban areas, and governments must take steps to mitigate this safety hazard as they proceed to phase out fossil-fueled vehicles to improve air quality and curb climate change, urge the researchers.

A groundbreaking study has revealed diverse and previously unidentified lipids in herbal teas, suggesting significant health implications and opening avenues for further nutritional research. The lipids in some herbal teas have been identified in detail for the first time, preparing the ground for investigating their contribution to the health benefits of the teas.