Cryptostreets

Two studies funded by Cancer Research UK and conducted by Oxford Population Health have identified blood proteins that could potentially alert individuals to the presence of cancer up to seven years before it is diagnosed. Researchers pinpointed 618 proteins associated with 19 different cancer types, including 107 proteins in individuals whose blood samples were collected at least seven years prior to their cancer diagnosis. The team has discovered that these proteins could be involved at the very earliest stages of cancer, where it could be prevented. They believe that some of these proteins could be used to detect cancer much earlier than is currently possible. In the future, this could help treat the disease at a much earlier stage or prevent it altogether.

NASA’s Psyche spacecraft is on course to explore an asteroid by 2029, using innovative solar-powered electric thrusters for deep space travel. It is already beyond the distance of Mars and is using ion propulsion to accelerate toward a metal-rich asteroid, where it will orbit and collect science data. NASA’s Psyche spacecraft passed its six-month checkup with a clean bill of health, and there’s no holding back now. Navigators are firing its futuristic-looking electric thrusters, which emit a blue glow, nearly nonstop as the orbiter zips farther into deep space.

New research explores how ketamine’s effects on single neurons contribute to significant alterations in the functioning of brain networks. Ketamine, recognized as an Essential Medicine by the World Health Organization, is utilized for a variety of purposes including sedation, pain management, general anesthesia, and treating treatment-resistant depression. Although its effects on brain-wide activity and its target within brain cells are known, the connection between these aspects has been unclear. A recent study conducted by researchers across four institutions in the Boston area employs computational modeling to explore previously overlooked physiological details. This research provides fresh insights into the mechanisms of how ketamine operates.

AI experts recommend significant investment in AI risk mitigation and stricter global regulations to prevent misuse and guide AI development safely. Researchers have warned about the extreme risks associated with rapidly developing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, but there is no consensus on how to manage these dangers. In a Policy Forum, world-leading AI experts Yoshua Bengio and colleagues analyze the risks of advancing AI technologies. These include the social and economic impacts, malicious uses, and the potential loss of human control over autonomous AI systems. They propose proactive and adaptive governance measures to mitigate these risks.

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It is alleged West Ham midfielder Lucas Paqueta intentionally sought to 'receive a card from the referee for the improper purpose of affecting the betting market'; FA investigation was triggered by suspicious betting patterns surrounding injury-time booking received in draw at Bournemouth

Lawrence Okolie will look to become Britain's first bridgerweight world champion when he takes on Lukasz Rozanski in Rzesow, Poland on Friday night live on Sky Sports

McLaren have put Red Bull under serious pressure in the last two races and Lando Norris has scored a hat-trick of podiums; watch the Monaco GP weekend live on Sky Sports F1, with practice action from 12.30pm on Friday and Sunday's race at 2pm

Southampton boss Russell Martin speaks to Sky Sports ahead of the Sky Bet Championship play-off final against Leeds. Watch Leeds vs Southampton live on Sky Sports Football from 2pm on Sunday; Kick-off 3pm

Manchester United and Chelsea could be about to go head-to-head for Ipswich boss Kieran McKenna; McKenna's reps have met with Man Utd, Sky Sports News has learned; United have yet to decide whether to stick with Erik ten Hag next season; Chelsea are looking for a new boss

Luke Littler hit a nine-darter on the way to clinching the Premier League title with an 11-7 victory over Luke Humphries; He becomes the youngest player ever to win a PDC major; He is only the second person to hit a perfect leg in the final after Phil Taylor

The Cass Review has highlighted significant shortcomings in the evidence supporting the use of puberty blockers and hormones for transgender youth, advocating for a more holistic approach. While influential in the UK, the findings have been largely overlooked in the U.S., where medical associations continue to endorse gender-affirming treatments despite criticisms of the supporting evidence. The newly released Cass Review on transgender care for young people has been pivotal in the UK, where the prescription of puberty “blocking” drugs outside of research protocols has now ceased. But in the United States, where the treatment-intensive, “gender affirming” model of care is the norm, the impact of Cass’s four-year investigation and final report has been largely ignored, finds journalist Jennifer Block in The BMJ today (May 23).

Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have achieved a significant breakthrough that could lead to the development of innovative immune therapies for cancer. They found that a vaccine adjuvant or “booster,” known as C100, when injected directly into tumors in an animal model, promotes potent anti-tumor immunity. The scientists found that C100, derived from chitin – one of the most common building materials in nature, and which gives strength to the exoskeletons of crustaceans, insects, and the cell walls of fungi – is highly effective at stimulating a key sensing and signaling molecule which regulates anti-tumour immune responses. Their highly promising work has been published today in the leading international journal Cell Reports Medicine.

Recent research shows that plant-based plastics release far fewer microplastics than traditional plastics in marine environments, suggesting they could be a more environmentally friendly option. However, continued research is crucial to fully assess their impact. A recent study has discovered that a new plant-based plastic material releases nine times fewer microplastics compared to traditional plastic when subjected to sunlight and seawater. Conducted by researchers from the University of Portsmouth and the Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) in Belgium, the study examined the degradation of two different types of plastic under harsh conditions.

Researchers at UC Irvine have developed an ultra-thin bismuth material designed for use in flexible technologies. In a study published in Nature Materials, scientists from the University of California, Irvine describe a new method to make very thin crystals of the element bismuth – a process that may aid in making the manufacturing of cheap flexible electronics an everyday reality. “Bismuth has fascinated scientists for over a hundred years due to its low melting point and unique electronic properties,” said Javier Sanchez-Yamagishi, assistant professor of physics & astronomy at UC Irvine and a co-author of the study. “We developed a new method to make very thin crystals of materials such as bismuth, and in the process reveal hidden electronic behaviors of the metal’s surfaces.”

Scientists have made a significant breakthrough in understanding the properties of promethium, a rare earth element with elusive characteristics despite its use in modern technology. Researchers have uncovered the properties of a rare earth element that was first discovered 80 years ago at the very same laboratory. Their discoveries open a new pathway for the exploration of elements critical in modern technology, from medicine to space travel.

Scientists at Scripps Research have developed a drug-like molecule that potentially blocks the initial stage of type A influenza infection. Currently, flu medications work by tackling the virus once it has already infected the body. However, researchers at Scripps Research and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine are taking a proactive approach. They have developed drug-like molecules aimed at preventing influenza infections before they start by blocking the initial stage of the viral infection process.

Ancient hominin fossils lie beneath the sandy soils on the outskirts of this village in southern Spain. Located on the high plateau of Granada in southern Spain, the village of Orce is known for its semi-arid landscapes where residents traditionally depend on groundwater for cultivating crops and raising livestock. Many still do, but in 1976 a farmer east of town unearthed some unusual fossilized bones in a field near the Rio Orce that helped turn the town into a hub for archaeological research.