mattyjay7

Clip of findings presented at AZ hearing by Doug Logan, leader of Cyber Ninjas conducting Arizona Audit.

Let's take a look at the efficiency of the DC motor we just discussed Like almost anything in the real world, the motor won't be 100% efficient The power generated by the motor will be less than the power we input, and the efficiency can be defined as 𝜂=P{useful}P{produced} or 𝜂=PoutPin We could also look at this like a circuit in series where the power in is our source power and the power lost and power generated are modeled as resistors. In this case we'd have a circuit like this And due to the conservation of power, the Power in would have to equal the combination of the Power out and the Power lost. Another way you could look at this is the power generated, or output power, as the power in minus the power lost, or 𝜂=Pin−PlossPin In the case of our motor we have several sources of loss. Loss from the brush, which we can call Pbrush There is typically some electrical loss here with sparking as well as the frictional loss of the brush going against the commutator There is a lot of current going through a lot of wire wrapped around the rotor, so there will be I2R losses, or Pheat as the current heats up the wire a little There are some losses, Pcore , in the core of the magnet due to the electromagnetics involved And lastly, there is some loss due to air resistance and the friction of the rotor turning, or Pmech , similar to the reasons your skateboard stops coasting even when you're not going up a hill. Given that nomenclature, our efficiency of the motor could simply be found as: 𝜂=Pin−Pbrush−Pheat−Pcore−PmechPin Typicall efficiency for a DC motor might be in the range of 70-85%, which Isn't too bad. But that was just a brief overview of how one might go about calculating the efficiency of a DC motor based on it's various types of losses.

Electric motors are used everywhere in your house from Let me try and help you understand the basics of a how an electric motor works Let's start off with some basic diagrams of the fundamentals going on, then we'll move on to see how it works in action. Allright so the basic structure of a DC electric motor include this outer structure of fixed North and South polarized magnets called the stator poles. Inside this structure we have another magnet using this shape for simplicity. Unlike the stator this magnet can turn and is called the rotor. Now if the rotor was polarized N on this end and south on this end, the magnetic force would twist clockwise, since the like poles would repel and opposite poles would attract So you could imagine this rotor will rotate to this position and just stick there because based on the magnetic forces involved. This is tricky part of a DC motor: When it gets to this position we switch the polarity of the magnet So now north is on the left side and south on the right, so rotor will be pulled clockwise again When it gets back to the position it wants to be in, we flip the magnet polarity again So it's kind of like a dog chasing continually chasing it's tail around in a circle, But the key here is we have to be able to switch the polarity, but how? If the rotor was a typical magnet we would be able to just flip it's polarity, But.. We can do this easily with an electromagnet So let's take a quick look at how they work. Say I have an iron pipe here and I wrap an electrical line around it in a coil If we run current through from the bottom (positive terminal) to the top (negative terminal) we get an electromagnet polarized with the north on top and south on bottom, like that rotor in the upper left diagram. But... if the current goes from the top positive terminal to the bottom negative terminal, the magnet will be polarized with the South on top and North on bottom. So the two keys here are: We need to flip the polarity of our magnet back and forth, and We can flip the polarity by reversing the current through the eletromagnet. So these are some basic diagrams of the fundamentals of an electric motor, how could we keep switching the polarity of the magnet at exactly the right time? To answer that question let's take a look at a more realistic looking DC motor. So here we have such a motor. The stator has the north pole on the left and south pole on the right like in our diagram. Now you can see our positive electric terminal is connected on the right side of our coil, and wraps around until it comes out at the left side of the rotor, which is connected to the negative terminal. So just like in our earlier diagram, this creates a South pole on the right of our rotor and a North pole on the left. The north poles of the stator and rotor will repel each other, as will the south poles, causing the rotor to turn clockwise from this position We get to this position and it will still want to keep turning clockwise Now we get to this position and it will still want to keep turning clockwise But... notice the electrical connection between the + terminal called a 'brush' and the metal ring called the commutator If the rotor keeps going clockwise, the positive brush terminal will switch from commutator side that is going to left side to the commutator right that is going to right side. When that positive terminal switches to feeding the right side, the current throuh the wire will be reversed, and the right side will become the North pole, and left side the South pole again. And when that happens, the polarities switch, and we back again to exactly where we started, although the rotor has only done a 180 degree turn at this point. So you see, we don't need a complicated switch with perfect timing to switch the polarity of the electromagnetic at exactly the right position and time. Setting up the motor like this allows it to switch automatically when it is in the right position. Running this through a couple times you can see how the motor will keep turning clockwise as the polarity of the magnet keeps switching every half-turn.

Overview: Electromagnetic force The electromotive force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature The one you may be more familiar with is the gravitational force, where two objects with mass1 and mass2 attract to each other based on the equation Where r is distance between them and k_g is the gravitational constant Perhaps you never thought of this but it was very puzzling to Newton and others of his time how two objects could interact via this attractive force when there was nothing actually connecting them (like 'ether'), just empty space. Newton didn't have an explanation for this, and endured much criticism for it, but he was right nonetheless. The elctromagnetic force is very similar actually, the main differences being it is first of all a stronger force, and that it depends not on the mass of the objects but their positive or negative charge. Where r is distance between them, q1 and q2 are the charges of the objects, and k_g is Coulomb's constant. So the attraction is based on the charge of the objects and the distance between them. Transition: This similarity between the gravitational and electric forces allows us to make some analogies that may help you understand Voltage There is something known as a 'gravitational potential' that defines how much energy or work is required to, say, get to a certain point above the earth. So for example, the gravitational potential 10 feet above the ground is higher than the gravitational potential at ground level, since an object above the ground has higher 'potential energy' than an object on the ground. THe potential energy of an object above the ground is based on it's mass, but the 'gravitational potential' is basically this energy regardless of the mass, so we divide by the mass to get it. You would need background in calc3 (multivariable calculus) to show this more precisely, but the gravitational potential between two points would be where dividing by m gets rid of the dependence on the mass of the object, and running the calculus you get more specifically so it would lead to this type of graph of, say the gravitational potential around the earth. The correllary to this on the electric side is the 'electric potential'. It is essentially the same thing as the 'gravitational potential', except remember that the gravitational force equation was based on mass, while the electrical force equation was based on charge. So in this case we divide by the unit charge to define this elecrtic potential based on one object's charge regardless of the charge of the object at a distance r away. So using this similarity with gravity, we can consider the analogy between electric components and a water system. Imagine we have a water tank that is held above the ground level. The water is at a higher elevation, which gives it more 'potential energy'. It therefore exerts a force on the water in the pipes below it, giving it pressure to push the water through where it is needed. If the valve in your house is closed, no water is flowing, but there is still pressure on the valve so that if you open it the water will come through This is very similar to voltage in a circuit like this: The + side of the 9 V source is akin to the water at the higher elevation with greater potential, and the – side of the 9 V source is like the 'ground' level with less potential, so there is 'pressure' for electrons to flow in the direction of current (yes, notation is actually backward, electrons actually flow from the negative source, but we'll stick with this common notation). The resistor here can be related to, say, the pipe size in the water system. A narrow pipe would allow less water to flow, and would be more 'resistant' to the water flowing, whereas a larger pipe would be less resistive and allow more water to flow. Likewise in the electric circuit, the narrow pipe would be akin to a resistor of greater resistance, and the large pipe like resistor of lower resistance that allows more electron flow, or current. If you were to measure the amount of water flowing through the pipe, you might have something like 'water mass/s' moving through a slice of the pipe This is similar with the circuit, except remember instead of using mass we are using charge, so the current, I , is defined as charge per second moving through a slice of the wire, So as you can imagine in the water pipe, the amount of matter flowing through the pipe is larger if the pipe is larger and if there is more pressure on the water Similarly, from the electrical side, you can imagine the current is higher if the resistance is lower and the current is larger if the voltage difference between either side is higher , which is where we get one way of writing Ohms law as V=IR, which relates current, voltage and resistance in what is likely the very last thing you will remember about electrical engineering if you forget everything else.

Last time I saw my ipad

If you see the light pop up you cast it effectively

Beat Stamar fast the first found with poison, he thought I was going Frost the next round but much to his dismay I went fire.

AZ State Senator Sonny Borrelli gives AZ audit update, details findings and explains plans for canvassing.

Peter Navarro gives latest update on Navarro Report and 3 million potential extra Biden votes as compared to 300,000 Biden vote margin of victory.

Garland discusses fraudulent tallies, duplicated ballots, where the audit stands and plans for the future on the War Room

Flashback: Director of National Intelligence James Clapper lies to congress under oath

Stryder v Whistblower go 3 rounds

Gen Milley remarks at USAFA graduation speech

A simple population growth model is derived, solved and plotted to answer the following question: A certain bacteria exhibits exponential growth.The bacteria contains 100 cells initially and 739 cells after" 20" minutes. Determine the number of cells present at any time. The governing differential equation is first found. A general solution is then found using the method of seperable equations. A particular solution is found by applying the given conditions, and the solution is finally confirmed by plotting it out over the corresponding slope field.

Here is the problem statement: "A tank initially contains 10 𝑘𝑔 "of salt in" 100 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠 of water. The contents of the tank flow out at a rate of 10 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠∕𝑚𝑖𝑛. Salt water with a concentration of 0.01 𝑘𝑔∕𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 flows into the tank at a rate of 10 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠∕𝑚𝑖𝑛. How much salt is in the tank after 11 minutes?" The problem is solved by examining the big picture, finding the governing differential equation, finding the general solution with the method of separable equations, finding the particular solution, solving for the question, and finally plotting the slope and solution and finding the equillibrium solution.

Dr. Frank (math teach) shows at Trump rally how election stolen with excel census data

Why doesn’t my own 35 Fire resistance protect me from 34 fire damage from my WoF?

Biting blade hardest level in 3:15 minutes on CH w/no loadouts and just one piece of food.

Used two loadouts and no potions to do the entire level except first goblin or two on critical health, which speeds it up due to physical and elemental damage boosts.

Dagon burning me alive at the stake mercifully fast.

Stryder takes round 1 and Rene takes round 2

I had a miraculous comeback round1 and Whistblower was visibly disappointed. She took out her frustration on me in rounds 2 and 3 with her poison and magebreaker loadouts.

I beat Dan using a lot of frost.

FINA speed competition qualifying for worlds.

Losing with my fire loadout to mtay