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Tundra is located in the area near the Arctic where the climate is extremely cold. The soil is thin, the growth season is short, the woody plants are relatively rich, and the arctic tundra is distributed extremely hardy animals, such as reindeer, arctic fox, thunderbirds, etc The largest pasture in the world is found in North America, where the antelope squirrel is abundant Extremely dry areas with less than 25cm of annual rainfall include deserts where various kinds of cactus and shrubs grow and small rodents and reptiles live mostly at night and live underground. The area of desert in the world is increasing year by year due to man-made destruction of vegetation Coniferous forests or tegarins (coni ferous or Taiga) with green gymnosperms such as pine, spruce, deer, rabbits, tits, snakes, lizards and amphibians are common The annual rainfall of deciduous forest is as high as 75-125 cm. The animals in the deciduous forest are larger mammals, such as deer and bear, songbirds, snakes, amphibians, insects and other invertebrates Tropical rain forests are located near the equator with high rainfall, high temperature and humidity, and long periods of stable light. They are rich in small vegetation and animal species

In the long evolutionary process its morphological structure function behavior and life style are adapted to this environment