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The dog is a mammal of the canid family. It is the first animal species to have been domesticated by man for the purpose of hunting. The size and weight of dogs vary greatly from one breed to another. For example, the Chihuahua can weigh about 1 kg for 16 cm while a Great Dane can weigh 90 kg for 72 cm. The dog can be found in almost every country in the world. It lives in harmony with humans as a working or companion animal. Its behavioral characteristics have earned it the title of "man's best friend". The domestic dog is a carnivore, but it also eats other types of food such as cereals and vegetables. However, half of his diet must be meat. The bitch enters heat on average twice a year. After about 2 months of gestation, she gives birth to a litter of 2 to 12 puppies, depending on the breed. The sense of smell is extremely developed in dogs. This is why it is used a lot in the search for explosives, drugs, missing persons, etc. His hearing is also very fine. A dog can hear sounds four times farther away than humans and can even perceive sounds that humans cannot hear.

Dogs were probably the first animals to be tamed. They accompanied humans for at least 20,000 years and perhaps as many as 40,000. Scientists generally agree that all dogs, domestic or wild, have a common ancestor, the wolf; at one time, grey wolves and dogs followed distinct evolutionary paths. Dog breeds Today, man has bred hundreds of different breeds of domestic dogs, some of which could never survive in the wild. Despite their many shapes and sizes, all domestic dogs, from Newfoundland to pugs, belong to the same species - Canis familiaris. Although they have domestic temperaments, the dogs are related to wolves, foxes, and jackals. Similarities with wild relatives Domestic puppies still share many behaviors with their wild relatives. Both defend their territory and mark it by urinating on trees, rocks, fence posts, and other appropriate sites. These stakes signal to other dogs that an animal is occupying their territory. Many pet dogs also bury their bones or favorite toys for future use, just as their wild counterparts sometimes bury a killed animal to save the meat for later feasts. Communication Dogs communicate in many ways. The smell is one way, physical appearance is another. Body position, movement, and facial expression often convey a strong message. Many of these signals are recognizable even to humans, such as the wagging tail of a happy dog or the bare teeth of an angry or threatened animal. Vocally, dogs communicate through a cacophony of sounds including barking, growling, and whining. Working dogs Domestic dogs are more than companions; many earn their living by working hard. puppies herd livestock, help hunters, guardhouses, do police and rescue work. Some special animals even guide the blind, a poignant symbol of the dog's longstanding role as man's best friend.

The dog is one of the two most ubiquitous and popular pets in the world. For more than 12,000 years, The puppies have lived with a man as a hunting companion, protector, object of contempt or adoration, and friend. The dog has evolved from the grey wolf to more than 400 distinct breeds. Humans have played a major role in creating dogs that meet distinct societal needs. Through the most rudimentary form of genetic engineering, puppies were bred to accentuate instincts that were evident from their first encounters with humans. Although the details of the evolution of puppies are uncertain, the first dogs were hunters with a keen sense of sight and smell. Humans developed these instincts and created new breeds as the need or desire arose. Puppies are considered differently in different parts of the world. The characteristics of loyalty, friendship, protection, and affection have earned dogs an important place in Western society, and in the United States and Europe, the care and feeding of dogs have become a multi-billion dollar business. Western civilization has placed great importance on the relationship between man and dog, but in some developing countries and in many parts of Asia, dogs are not held in such high esteem. In some parts of the world, dogs are used as guardians or pack animals or even for food, while in the United States and Europe, dogs are protected and admired. In ancient Egypt, during the time of the pharaohs, puppies were considered sacred.