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The Republic of Albania is an independent state in Southeast Europe. It lies in the southwestern part of the Balkan Peninsula and is bordered to the northwest by Montenegro, to the northeast by Kosovo, to the east by northern Macedonia and to the south by Greece. To the west it is washed by the Adriatic and Ionian seas and is located only 78 km away from Italy along the Strait (canal) of Otranto, 72 km wide. Albania has an area of ​​28,748 km2 and about 2.9 million inhabitants. The inheritor of the ancient Illyrian civilization, Albania has marked a significant economic, social and cultural progress after centuries of backwardness under the Ottoman Empire and dictatorial regimes during the century. XX. After the fall of the communist order in 1991, Albania has experienced a difficult transition period towards free democracy and a market economy. Albania has been a member of NATO since 2009 and is a candidate for membership in the European Union. Albania has proven to be an important factor in maintaining regional stability, supporting Kosovo's independence and resolving political disputes in the Balkans. Meanwhile, the Albanian state is enjoying the improvement and development of tourism; also holds the 25th place in the world for environmental maintenance.