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This video chronicles solar activity from Aug. 12 to Dec. 22, 2022, as captured by NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). From its orbit in space around Earth, SDO has steadily imaged the Sun in 4K x 4K resolution for nearly 13 years. This information has enabled countless new discoveries about the workings of our closest star and how it influences the solar system. With a triad of instruments, SDO captures an image of the Sun every 0.75 seconds. The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) instrument alone captures images every 12 seconds at 10 different wavelengths of light. This 133-day time lapse showcases photos taken at a wavelength of 17.1 nanometers, which is an extreme-ultraviolet wavelength that shows the Sun’s outermost atmospheric layer: the corona. Compiling images taken 108 seconds apart, the movie condenses 133 days, or about four months, of solar observations into 59 minutes. The video shows bright active regions passing across the face of the Sun as it rotates. The Sun rotates approximately once every 27 days. The loops extending above the bright regions are magnetic fields that have trapped hot, glowing plasma. These bright regions are also the source of solar flares, which appear as bright flashes as magnetic fields snap together in a process called magnetic reconnection. While SDO has kept an unblinking eye pointed toward the Sun, there have been a few moments it missed. Some of the dark frames in the video are caused by Earth or the Moon eclipsing SDO as they pass between the spacecraft and the Sun. Other blackouts are caused by instrumentation being down or data errors. SDO transmits 1.4 terabytes of data to the ground every day. The images where the Sun is off-center were observed when SDO was calibrating its instruments. SDO and other NASA missions will continue to watch our Sun in the years to come, providing further insights about our place in space and information to keep our astronauts and assets safe. The music is a continuous mix from Lars Leonhard’s “Geometric Shapes” album, courtesy of the artist. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Scott Wiessinger (PAO): Lead Producer Tom Bridgman (SVS): Lead Visualizer Scott Wiessinger (PAO): Editor This video can be freely shared and downloaded at https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14263. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, the music and some individual imagery may have been obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. Specific details on such imagery may be found here: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14263. For more information on NASA’s media guidelines, visit https://nasa.gov/multimedia/guidelines. Video Description: On the left side of the frame is the full circle of the Sun. It appears in a golden yellow color, but splotchy and with thin yellow wisps extending from the surface. Some areas are very bright and others almost black. The whole Sun rotates steadily, with one full rotation taking 12 minutes in this time lapse. There are usually only a few bright regions visible at a time and they shift and flash like small fires. From these regions there are wispy loops reaching up above the surface that rapidly change shape and size. On the right side of the frame are two white-outlined squares with enlargements of interesting regions of the Sun. If you liked this video, subscribe Follow NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center · Instagram http://www.instagram.com/nasagoddard · Twitter http://twitter.com/NASAGoddard · Twitter http://twitter.com/NASAGoddardPix · Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/NASAGoddard · Flickr http://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc

SWOT Earth Science Satellite Default (GPT-3.5) User SWOT: Earth Science Satellite Will Help Communites for a Better Future description ChatGPT A SWOT analysis for an Earth science satellite focused on helping communities for a better future might look like this: Strengths: Data Precision: Earth science satellites provide high-resolution data, enabling accurate monitoring of environmental changes. Global Coverage: Satellites can capture data from remote or inaccessible areas, enhancing our understanding of the entire planet. Timely Information: Real-time data allows for early detection of natural disasters like hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires. Climate Monitoring: Satellites aid in tracking climate patterns, contributing to climate change mitigation efforts. Weaknesses: Costly Infrastructure: Developing, launching, and maintaining Earth science satellites requires significant financial resources. Data Overload: Managing and analyzing vast amounts of satellite data can be challenging and resource-intensive. Satellite Lifespan: Satellites have limited lifespans, necessitating frequent replacements or upgrades. Vulnerability to Space Debris: Satellites are at risk of collisions with space debris, potentially disrupting data collection. Opportunities: Community Resilience: Satellite data can empower communities to prepare for and respond to environmental threats effectively. Scientific Innovation: Advances in satellite technology can lead to improved data collection methods and applications. International Collaboration: Collaborative efforts can leverage satellite data for global environmental initiatives. Commercialization: The private sector can play a role in developing innovative solutions and services based on satellite data. Threats: Budget Constraints: Funding cuts can hinder the development and operation of Earth science satellites. Data Privacy: Concerns about data privacy and security may arise, impacting data sharing and utilization. Geopolitical Tensions: Political conflicts can disrupt international cooperation in space science and data sharing. Technological Challenges: Rapid technological advancements can lead to obsolescence, requiring constant adaptation. This SWOT analysis highlights the potential benefits and challenges associated with using Earth science satellites to improve communities' well-being and prepare for a better future.

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