Fishing in Prehistory
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
Braun, D., et al. 2010 Early hominin diet included diverse terrestrial and aquatic animals 1.95 Maagoin East Turkana, Kenya. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 107:10002–10007
Stewart, K. 1994 Early hominid utilization of fish resources and implications for seasonality and behaviour. J. Hum. Evol. 27:229–245.
M. Pante et al. Bone tools from Beds II-IV, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, and implications for the origins and evolution of bone technology. Journal of Human Evolution. Vol. 148, November 2020, p. 102885. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102885.
Isaac, G. (1971). "The diet of early man: Aspects of archaeological evidence from lower and middle Pleistocene sites in Africa"
Zilhao et. al (2020) Last Interglacial Iberian Neandertals as Fisher-Hunter-Gatherers - Science. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aaz7943.
Henshilwood CS, d'Errico F, Marean CW, Milo RG, Yates R. An early bone tool industry from the Middle Stone Age at Blombos Cave, South Africa: implications for the origins of modern human behaviour, symbolism and language. J Hum Evol. 2001 Dec;41(6):631-78. doi: 10.1006/jhev.2001.0515. PMID: 11782112.
Corbyn, Z. Archaeologists land world's oldest fish hook. Nature (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature.2011.9461
Bernhard, G., J. Beran, S. Hanik, and R. S. Sommer 2013 A Palaeolithic fishhook made of ivory and the earliest fishhook tradition in Europe. J. Archaeol. Sci. 40:2458–2463.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180319120536.htm
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59
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The Evolution of Human Height
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
Social and psychological effects of height
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2466/pr0.1987.60.3.843?casa_token=a2panyvSWugAAAAA:NEW-SFevInuQLjISXd0LRrZ3bnF4u-EdtrF0jNyrQSGBDodorPcaNH8GUG8_ifyccJcLwGv7JTpKmA
Tyrrell J, Jones S E, Beaumont R, Astley C M, Lovell R, Yaghootkar H et al. Height, body mass index, and socioeconomic status: mendelian randomisation study in UK Biobank BMJ 2016; 352 :i582 doi:10.1136/bmj.i582
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16038772/
Height of europeans
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17003019/
Europeans descend from three groups
Lazaridis, I., Patterson, N., Mittnik, A. et al. Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans. Nature 513, 409–413 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13673
Gravettian hunter gatherers
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.161054
Dutch
Gert, Stulp, et al. “Does Natural Selection Favour Taller Stature among the Tallest People on Earth?” Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 7 May 2015, https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2015.0211.
Dinka
Roberts, D. F.; Bainbridge, D. R. (1963). "Nilotic physique". American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Stock, Jay (Summer 2006). "Skeleton key"
Chali D (1995). "Anthropometric measurements of the Nilotic tribes in a refugee camp". Ethiopian Medical Journal.
Korean
https://www.theifod.com/why-are-south-koreans-taller-than-north-koreans/
https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17774210
Pygmy
Becker, Noémie S.A.; Verdu, Paul; Froment, Alain; Le Bomin, Sylvie; Pagezy, Hélène; Bahuchet, Serge; Heyer, Evelyne (2011). "Indirect evidence for the genetic determination of short stature in African Pygmies"
O'Dea, Julian (December 21, 2009). "Ultraviolet light levels in the rainforest"
O'Dea, JD (January 1994). "Possible contribution of low ultraviolet light under the rainforest canopy to the small stature of Pygmies and Negritos"
Yong, Ed (19 December 2007). "Short lives, short size – why are pygmies small?"
Bozzola, M; Travaglino, P; Marziliano, N; Meazza, C; Pagani, S; Grasso, M; Tauber, M; Diegoli, M; Pilotto, A; Disabella, E; Tarantino, P; Brega, A; Arbustini, E (November 2009). "The shortness of Pygmies is associated with severe under-expression of the growth hormone receptor"
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51
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Native American Trade Points
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
https://knowyourmeme.com/photos/2360522-source-i-made-it-up
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Homo Naledi - Ancient Human
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Special thanks go out to Rudolph Wilkins for helping me research and write the script.
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Sources:
Berger, L.R.; et al. (2015). "Homo naledi, a new species of the genus Homo from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa"
Dirks, P.H.G.M.; Roberts, E.M.; Hilbert-Wolf, H.; Kramers, J.D.; Hawks, J.; et al. (2017). "The age of Homo naledi and associated sediments in the Rising Star Cave, South Africa"
Hawks, J.D.; Elliott, M.; Schmid, P.; Churchill, S.E.; de Ruiter, D.J.; Roberts, E.M. (2017). "New fossil remains of Homo naledi from the Lesedi Chamber, South Africa"
Garvin, H. M.; Elliot, M. C.; Delezene, L. K. (2017). "Body size, brain size, and sexual dimorphism in Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber"
Holloway, Ralph & Hurst, Shawn & Garvin, Heather & Schoenemann, P. & Vanti, William & Berger, Lee & Hawks, John. (2018). Endocast morphology of Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa.
Doug M. Boyer, Arianna R. Harrington. Scaling of bony canals for encephalic vessels in euarchontans: Implications for the role of the vertebral artery and brain metabolism. Journal of Human Evolution, 2018; 114: 85 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.09.003
Cofran, Zhongtao; Skinner, M. M.; Walker, C.S. (2016). "Dental development and life history in Homo naledi". American Journal of Physical Anthropology.
Irish, J. D.; Bailey, S. E.; Guatelli-Steinberg, D.; Delezene, L. K.; Berger, L. R. (2018). "Ancient teeth, phenetic affinities, and African hominins: Another look at where Homo naledi fits in"
Williams, S. A.; García-Martinez, D.; et al. (2017). "The vertebrae and ribs of Homo naledi". Journal of Human Evolution.
Marchi, D.; Walker, C. S.; Wei, P.; et al. (2017). "The thigh and leg of Homo naledi". Journal of Human Evolution.
Neves, Walter & Bernardo, Danilo & Pantaleoni, Ivan. (2017). Morphological affinities of Homo naledi with other Plio-Pleistocene hominins: a phenetic approach.
Joel D. Irish, Shara E. Bailey, Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg, Lucas K. Delezene, Lee R. Berger (2018)
Berger, L.R.; Hawks, J.D.; Dirks, P.H.G.M.; Elliott, M.; Roberts, E.M. (2017). "Homo naledi and Pleistocene hominin evolution in subequatorial Africa"
Berthaume, M. A.; Delezene, L. K.; Kupczik, K. (2018). "Dental topography and the diet of Homo naledi"
Lucyna A. Bowland, Jill E. Scott, Tracy L. Kivell, Biren A. Patel, Matthew W. Tocheri, Caley M. Orr (2021) Homo naledi pollical metacarpal shaft morphology is distinctive and intermediate between that of australopiths and other members of the genus Homo
Dusseldorp, G.L., Lombard, M. (2021) Constraining the Likely Technological Niches of Late Middle Pleistocene Hominins with Homo naledi as Case Study
Stringer, C. (2015). "The many mysteries of Homo naledi"
Paul HGM Dirks, Lee R Berger, Eric M Roberts, Jan D Kramers, John Hawks, Patrick S Randolph-Quinney, Marina Elliott, Charles M Musiba, Steven E Churchill, Darryl J de Ruiter, Peter Schmid, Lucinda R Backwell, Georgy A Belyanin, Pedro Boshoff, K Lindsay Hunter, Elen M Feuerriegel, Alia Gurtov, James du G Harrison, Rick Hunter, Ashley Kruger, Hannah Morris, Tebogo V Makhubela, Becca Peixotto, Steven Tucker (2015) Geological and taphonomic context for the new hominin species Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa
Skinner, M. F. (2019). "Developmental stress in South African hominins: Comparison of recurrent enamel hypoplasias in Australopithecus africanus and Homo naledi"
Odes, E. J.; Delezene, L. K.; et al. (2018). "A case of benign osteogenic tumour in Homo naledi: Evidence for peripheral osteoma in the U.W. 101-1142 mandible"
Val, A. (2016). "Deliberate body disposal by hominins in the Dinaledi Chamber, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa?"
Egeland, C. P.; Domínguez-Rodrigo, M.; Pickering, T. R.; et al. (2018). "Hominin skeletal part abundances and claims of deliberate disposal of corpses in the Middle Pleistocene"
Davies, T.W., Delezene, L.K., Gunz, P. et al. Distinct mandibular premolar crown morphology in Homo naledi and its implications for the evolution of Homo species in southern Africa
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3
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The First Europeans
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources in order from start to finish:
Gabunia, Leo; et al. (2000). "Earliest Pleistocene Hominid Cranial Remains from Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia: Taxonomy, Geological Setting, and Age". Science. 288 (5468): 1019–1025.
Carbonell, E. (2008). "The first hominin of Europe" (PDF). Nature. 452 (7186): 465–469. Bibcode:2008Natur.452..465C. doi:10.1038/nature06815. hdl:2027.42/62855. PMID 18368116. S2CID 4401629.
Klein, R. (2009). "Hominin dispersals in the Old World". In Scarre, C. (ed.). The Human Past (2nd ed.). Thames and Hudson. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-500-29063-7.
Arsuaga, J. L.; Martínez, I.; Gracia, A.; Lorenzo, C. (1997). "The Sima de los Huesos crania (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). A comparative study". Journal of Human Evolution. 33 (2–3): 219–281. doi:10.1006/jhev.1997.0133. PMID 9300343.
Chen, Lu, et al. “Identifying and Interpreting Apparent Neanderthal Ancestry in African Individuals.” Cell, Cell Press, 30 Jan. 2020, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867420300593.
Hoffecker, John F. “Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: The Spread of Modern Humans in Europe.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, National Academy of Sciences, 22 Sept. 2009, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752585/.
Higham, Tom, et al. “The Earliest Evidence for Anatomically Modern Humans in Northwestern Europe.” NASA/ADS, https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011Natur.479..521H/abstract.
Lalueza-Fox, C.; Sampietro, M. L.; Caramelli, D.; Puder, Y. (2013). "Neandertal evolutionary genetics: mitochondrial DNA data from the iberian peninsula". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 22 (4): 1077–1081. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi094. PMID 15689531.
Fabre, V.; Condemi, S.; Degioanni, A. (2009). "Genetic evidence of geographical groups among Neanderthals". PLOS ONE. 4 (4): e5151. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.5151F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005151. PMC 2664900. PMID 19367332.
Trinkaus, Erik. “European Early Modern Humans and the Fate of the Neandertals.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, National Academy of Sciences, 1 May 2007, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1863481/.
Lieberman, D. E. (1998). "Sphenoid shortening and the evolution of modern human cranial shape". Nature. 393 (6681): 158–162. Bibcode:1998Natur.393..158L. doi:10.1038/30227. PMID 9603517. S2CID 4409749.
Formicola, V.; Giannecchini, M. (1998). "Evolutionary trends of stature in Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic Europe". Journal of Human Evolution. 36 (3): 319–333. doi:10.1006/jhev.1998.0270. PMID 10074386.
Allentoft, M. E.; Sikora, M. (2015). "Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia". Nature. 522 (7, 555): 167–172. Bibcode:2015Natur.522..167A. doi:10.1038/nature14507. PMID 26062507. S2CID 4399103.
Beleza, S.; et al. (2012). "The Timing of Pigmentation Lightening in Europeans". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 30: 24–35. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss207. PMC 3525146. PMID 22923467.
Jones, E.R. (2015). "Upper Palaeolithic genomes reveal deep roots of modern Eurasians". Nature Communications. 6: 8912. Bibcode:2015NatCo...6.8912J. doi:10.1038/ncomms9912. PMC 4660371. PMID 26567969.
Wood, Bernard, ed. (2011). "Aurignacian". Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. John Wiley. ISBN 9781444342475.
Prat, Sandrine; Péan, Stéphane C.; Crépin, Laurent; Drucker, Dorothée G.; Puaud, Simon J.; Valladas, Hélène; Lázničková-Galetová, Martina; van der Plicht, Johannes; Yanevich, Alexander (17 June 2011). "The Oldest Anatomically Modern Humans from Far Southeast Europe: Direct Dating, Culture and Behavior". plosone. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020834.
Kipfer, Barbara Ann. "Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology". Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2000. P. 216. ISBN 978-0-3064-6158-3
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The Predators of History
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
Leoni e Roma
https://www.througheternity.com/en/blog/history/wild-animals-in-the-colosseum.html#
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damnatio_ad_bestias
http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/gladiators/venatores.htm
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D8%3Achapter%3D21
i lupi di francia
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01011915/document
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3984536?seq=1
https://www.history.com/news/beast-gevaudan-france-theories
https://web.archive.org/web/20081209090711/http://www.nina.no/archive/nina/PppBasePdf/oppdragsmelding/2002/731.pdf
https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/the-wolf-that-changed-america-wolf-wars-americas-campaign-to-eradicate-the-wolf/4312/
Orsi
http://www.yellowstone-bearman.com/Tim_Treadwell.html
https://www.conservationforce.org/bear-enthusiast-eaten
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317389076_The_sloth_bear_of_Mysore_A_really_rogue_bear_a_typical_sloth_bear_or_several_different_bears
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankebetsu_brown_bear_incident
mangiauomini
https://www.treehugger.com/the-strange-history-of-the-man-eating-lions-of-tsavo-4863685
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsavo_Man-Eaters
https://medium.com/lessons-from-history/the-tragic-story-of-the-tiger-that-killed-more-than-400-people-c539c8eb89e7
https://curioushistorian.com/jim-corbett-and-the-champawat-tiger
https://imperialcombatarts.com/blog/panar_man_eater_the_leopard_of_panar
coccodrilli
https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/gustave-the-notorious-giant-crocodile-rumored-to-have-killed-over-300-people/
https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/crocodile-uganda-village-osama-africa-24283745
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The Predators of Prehistory
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
Taung Child
Berger, L.R., and R.J. Clarke. “Eagle Involvement in Accumulation of the Taung Child Fauna.” Journal of Human Evolution, Academic Press, 25 May 2002, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248485710603.
Paranthropus
Brain. C. K. 1970. New finds at the Swartkrans Australopithecine site. Nature. (London). 225(5238): 1112-1119.
Brain. C. K. 1981. The hunters or the hunted. An introduction to African cave taphonomy. The University of Chicago Press.
OH hominins
Njau, Jackson K., and Robert J. Blumenschine. “Crocodylian and Mammalian Carnivore Feeding Traces on Hominid Fossils from Flk 22 and Flk NN 3, Plio-Pleistocene, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania.” Journal of Human Evolution, vol. 63, no. 2, 2012, pp. 408–417., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.05.008.
Erectus
Boaz, Noel T., et al. “Mapping and Taphonomic Analysis of the Homo Erectus Loci at Locality 1 Zhoukoudian, China.” Journal of Human Evolution, Academic Press, 16 Apr. 2004, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248404000144.
Moroccan middle pleistocene cave
Geggel, Laura. “Ancient Hyenas Ate Human Relatives Half a Million Years Ago.” LiveScience, Purch, 27 Apr. 2016, https://www.livescience.com/54576-ancient-hyena-chewed-on-hominin.html.
Cova Negra
Magazine, Smithsonian. “Ancient Carnivores Had a Taste for Neanderthal Meat.” Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 26 May 2015, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/ancient-carnivores-had-taste-neanderthal-180955390/.
Measurements of the Cova Negra Radius Compared with Neandertals and ...https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Measurements-of-the-Cova-Negra-radius-compared-with-Neandertals-and-modern-human-juveniles_tbl5_248399686.
Cinema cave
Geggel, Laura. “Giant, Prehistoric Bird Chowed down on This Neanderthal Child's Bones.” LiveScience, Purch, 10 Oct. 2018, https://www.livescience.com/63801-giant-bird-ate-neanderthal-child.html.
Guattari Cave
Dusseldorp, Gerrit L. “Neanderthals and Cave Hyenas: Co-Existence, Competition or Conflict?” SpringerLink, Springer Netherlands, 1 Jan. 1970, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-6766-9_12.
Le moustier teeth digested by hyena
Geggel, Laura. “An Ancient Hyena May Have Chomped down on This Neanderthal's Face.” LiveScience, Purch, 6 Feb. 2018, https://www.livescience.com/61664-neanderthal-teeth-digested-by-hyenas.html.
Neanderthal interaction with predators
Gamble C (1993) Timewalkers: prehistory of global colonization. Alan Sutton, Stroud
Sapiens ate neanderthals?
Ramirez Rozzi FV;d'Errico F;Vanhaeren M;Grootes PM;Kerautret B;Dujardin V; “Cutmarked Human Remains Bearing Neandertal Features and Modern Human Remains Associated with the Aurignacian at Les Rois.” Journal of Anthropological Sciences = Rivista Di Antropologia : JASS, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19663173/.
The Florisbad skull
Keith, Arthur. “The Florisbad Skull.” Nature News, Nature Publishing Group, 1 June 1938, https://www.nature.com/articles/1411010a0.
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177
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Hand Prints of the Past
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/11/science/cave-art-indonesia.html
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aap7778
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jan/13/worlds-oldest-known-cave-painting-found-in-indonesia
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22429904-600-worlds-oldest-hand-stencil-found-in-indonesian-cave/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/131008-women-handprints-oldest-neolithic-cave-art
https://www.bradshawfoundation.com/hands/index.php
https://theconversation.com/we-discovered-the-earliest-prehistoric-art-is-hand-prints-made-by-children-167400
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/prehistoric/hand-stencils-rock-art.htm
https://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2019/02/three-new-prehistoric-hand-prints-found.html
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/prehistoric/gargas-cave.htm
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29
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The Weapons of the Stone Age
#archaeology #human #ancienthuman
Shoutout @huntprimitive9918
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Sources:
http://www.lithiccastinglab.com/cast-page/aztecbladecast.htm
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-11086110
http://combatarchaeology.org/the-rorby-swords/
https://www.khm.uio.no/english/research/collections/objects/a-dagger-ahead-of-its-time.html
https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/2021/02/08/whats-the-point-all-about-clovis-points/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04773-w
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-clovis-point-and-the-discovery-of-americas-first-culture-3825828/
https://journals.openedition.org/palethnologie/706?lang=en
http://www.stoneagetools.co.uk/microliths.htm
http://www.stoneagetools.co.uk/what-is-flint.htm
https://www.bradshawfoundation.com/origins/mousterian_stone_tools.php
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/mousterian-industry
https://www.worldhistory.org/Oldowan_Tools/
https://www.throwsticks.com/the-hunting-boomerang
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2019/jan/neanderthal-hunting-spears-could-kill-distance
https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/behavior/getting-food/oldest-wooden-spear
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blowgun
https://en.natmus.dk/historical-knowledge/denmark/prehistoric-period-until-1050-ad/the-neolithic-period/the-hindsgavl-dagger/
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.729.8092&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://www.livescience.com/61140-prehistoric-wooden-club-weapons.html
https://www.heinzhistorycenter.org/blog/discover-meadowcroft/prehistoric-hunting-and-the-atlatl
And more but it won't let me post anymore
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42
views
The Mystery of the Red Deer Cave People
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
https://theconversation.com/bone-suggests-red-deer-cave-people-a-mysterious-species-of-human-52437
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/12/151217151544.htm
https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/chinas-red-deer-cave-people-may-have-survived-until-last-ice-age/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/120314-new-human-species-chinese-plos-science-red-deer-cave
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5378881/
https://www.academia.edu/13278341
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4683062/
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30
views
Homo longi - The Dragon Man
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
Ni, Xijun, et al. “Massive Cranium from Harbin in Northeastern China Establishes a New Middle Pleistocene Human Lineage.” Innovation (New York, N.Y.), Elsevier, 28 Aug. 2021, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8454562/#mmc1.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_longi
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YnEuYCQMlAM
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20
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Healthcare in Prehistory
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman #ad
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Music by
https://youtube.com/channel/UCWuWKgXP0k6Dsy-tvt8NBKg
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm8068897/
daneguitarist@gmail.com
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Sources:
General prehistoric medicine
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323556
https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/prehistoric-medicine-how-archaic-humans-cured-themselves
https://www.britannica.com/science/history-of-medicine
https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/british_prehistory/neolithic_medicine.shtml
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-4375-5_18
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geophagia#cite_note-Abrahams2013-15
Chimp healthcare
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/07/science/chimpanzees-insects-medicine-wounds.html
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/02/07/world/chimpanzee-insects-wounds-scn/index.html
Dentistry
https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/13-000-year-old-fillings-prove-ancient-dentistry-was-brutal
https://bda.org/museum/the-story-of-dentistry/ancient-modern/ancient-dentistry
Homo erectus D3444
https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/fossils/d3444
LC1 health care
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S030544039690179X
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Chapelle-aux-Saints_1
LC1 Burial
https://www.pnas.org/content/111/1/81
Neanderthal Medicine
Weyrich, L. S.; Duchene, S.; Soubrier, J.; et al. (2017).
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379118305389
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00438243.2018.1433060
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/137473/
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yasmine-Vella-2/publication/332263106_RESEARCH_PROPOSAL_Evidence_of_Intentional_Self_Medication_in_Neanderthals_Using_Dental_Calculus_Analysis_on_Shanidar_IV/links/5caa9ff2a6fdcca26d0654f7/RESEARCH-PROPOSAL-Evidence-of-Intentional-Self-Medication-in-Neanderthals-Using-Dental-Calculus-Analysis-on-Shanidar-IV.pdf
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-39205530
https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2018/10/neanderthal-medicine/573028/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/120720-neanderthals-herbs-humans-medicine-science
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn22075-neanderthal-dental-tartar-reveals-evidence-of-medicine/
Native American bandaid
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Stitching-Wounds-with-the-Mandibles-of-Ants-and-A-Gudger/5dbb2aacff8c1bfd1ce1917e3143fa47e5ad2f54
https://books.google.it/books?hl=en&lr=&id=WUtWDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT9&ots=iXaSOUeUus&sig=xCB1rxFpdSypxUhxmLtLUGvJxPg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
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74
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How many species of Human were there?
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Deer_Cave_people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_rudolfensis
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1067-9
https://australian.museum/learn/science/human-evolution/homo-floresiensis/
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/who-were-the-neanderthals.html
https://australian.museum/learn/science/human-evolution/homo-habilis/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denisovan
https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/homo-longi-extinct-human-species-that-may-replace-neanderthals-as-our
http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/homo-longi-09804.html
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/oct/28/human-species-homo-bodoensis-who-lived-500000-years-ago-is-named
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2295406-new-human-species-has-been-named-homo-bodoensis-but-it-may-not-stick/
http://www.sci-news.com/othersciences/anthropology/homo-bodoensis-10217.html
Naledi burial
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2296360-homo-naledi-infant-skull-discovery-suggests-they-buried-their-dead/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/150915-humans-death-burial-anthropology-Homo-naledi
26 species concepts
https://scienceblogs.com/evolvingthoughts/2006/10/01/a-list-of-26-species-concepts
Good video about species
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fOfFlMe6ek
Homo erectus brain size diversity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4920293/
Human diversity, penguin, mongrels
https://www.pbs.org/race/000_About/002_04-background-01-11.htm
Sapiens article
https://www.sapiens.org/column/field-trips/ancient-human-species/
Flow of human genetics
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/humans-are-all-more-closely-related-than-we-commonly-think/
Human species
https://www.livescience.com/how-many-human-species.html
Litigon
https://www.natureasia.com/en/nindia/article/10.1038/nindia.2017.46
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90
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Homo Habilis - Ancient Human
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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47
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The Great Mammoth Hunters
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman #Mammoth
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Sources:
Yana site
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440313001957?casa_token=mJZ0OgS5fRoAAAAA:KFjwNUp25zM5FtuGKDLdjgtM_IB2Qi9vOB_Lc5Ap3DmXJPaysbE3lrOxpz9xXfuQJZ7jPKQ7Pg#fig8
Neanderthal eat brain
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618212032466?casa_token=iPe70g_mD30AAAAA:t4tEQrVMI60MwNf6JBscj84rGB1pT5Suux1CkTUSQ1gXlybn3U6kcfonPq1tKLTvL1FvETHMTA
Grevettian hunters
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1040618215005339?casa_token=kKMJNPOnjrwAAAAA:iXJiKWPL6MT5iPY4EkfQsNT4i51VDTDxsp8ykNqDTjc5LAVcvX1q9YDmZ4wkE3ab6sGwqmog2A
Clovis didn't hunt a lot of mammoth
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2003/02/030225070212.htm
Mammoth relation and extinction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woolly_mammoth#Relationship_with_humans
Last mammoths
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04016-x
Paleo indian mastodon hunters
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2011/oct/20/mastodon-hunted-north-america
Paleo indian mammoth hunters
https://www.pnas.org/content/95/24/14576
Clovis hunters
https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/2021/02/08/whats-the-point-all-about-clovis-points/
https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/mammoth-hunting
traps
https://www.earthdate.org/mammoth-traps
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37
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Homo Heidelbergensis - Ancient Human
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_heidelbergensis
https://www2.palomar.edu/anthro/homo2/mod_homo_1.htm
https://www.pnas.org/content/106/38/16046
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248413001358
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21086528/
https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/homo-heidelbergensis-the-answer-to-a-mysterious-period-in-human-history
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2020/april/dating-the-broken-hill-skull--homo-heidelbergensis.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_bodoensis
http://www.sci-news.com/othersciences/anthropology/homo-bodoensis-10217.html
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2742201
https://www.historyofinformation.com/detail.php?id=2770
Majkić, Ana, et al. “Assessing the Significance of Palaeolithic Engraved Cortexes. A Case Study from the Mousterian Site of Kiik-Koba, Crimea.” PloS One, Public Library of Science, 2 May 2018, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5931501/.
Rightmire, R. P. (2004). "Brain size and encephalization in early to Mid-Pleistocene Homo". American Journal of Physical Anthropology
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1631068305001697?via%3Dihub
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004724840700139X?via%3Dihub
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513809000221?via%3Dihub
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/nov/15/stone-spear-early-human-species
https://www.archaeology.wiki/blog/2016/02/02/homo-heidelbergensis-used-highly-sophisticated-weapons-tools/
https://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2020/04/homo-heidelbergensis-used-wooden.html
https://blog.everythingdinosaur.co.uk/blog/_archives/2012/09/21/homo-heidelbergensis-as-skilled-craftsman-and-hunter.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_heidelbergensis#Skull
There were more sources used but mainly for smaller less notable things and in turn, I didn't include them here.
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36
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A Timeline of Stone Age Technology - Part 2
#archaeology #human #ancienthuman
CHECK OUT HENRY'S VIDEO
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lf5ECQZ0sS4
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Sources:
https://www.history.com/topics/pre-history/stone-age
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology
https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/behavior/stone-tools
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3889026
http://www.stoneagetools.co.uk/microliths.htm
https://stmuscholars.org/neolithic-era-technology-advances-and-beginnings-of-agriculture/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/74279
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7269238/
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99
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What are the Venus Figurines?
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
https://www.cnn.com/style/article/venus-figurines-theory-scn/index.html
https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-prehistoric-venus-figurines-mystify-experts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_of_Laussel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_figurine
Johnson, Richard J (1 December 2020). "Upper Paleolithic Figurines Showing Women with Obesity may Represent Survival Symbols of Climatic Change". Obesity a Research Journal. 29
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185
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Handprints of Denisovans?
#paleoanthropology #denisovan #ancienthuman
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Sources:
https://www.livescience.com/ancient-hominin-handprint-art-tibetan-plateau
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-9994107/Oldest-artwork-Hand-footprints-discovered-Tibetan-Plateau-date-226-000-years.html
https://www.archaeology.org/news/9997-210916-tibetan-plateau-prints
https://www.pnas.org/content/118/22/e2020803118
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94
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Thylacine - The Tasmanian Tiger (Feat. Natures Reality)
#thylacine #extinct #tasmaniantiger
Check out Nature's reality!
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSv__GezuSF_b6JYqfHSAVQ
https://www.instagram.com/natures.reality/
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Sources: Ill fill this out later I am busy
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95
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1
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When We Met Monsters
#paleontology #dinosaur #ancientanimal
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Sources:
Dire wolf in asia
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1040618220306194
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_lion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene_megafauna
https://www.pnas.org/content/99/23/14624
https://www.nps.gov/articles/aps-17-1-4.htm
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2015.2399
https://australian.museum/learn/australia-over-time/extinct-animals/quinkana/
https://australian.museum/learn/australia-over-time/extinct-animals/megalania-prisca/
https://owlcation.com/stem/The-African-Megafauna
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160
views
When Did Light Skin Appear in Modern Humans?
#Humanevolution #evolution #anthropology
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Sources:
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/heres-how-europeans-quickly-evolved-lighter-skin-180954874/
https://centerforhealthprogress.org/blog/race-social-construct/
https://www.science.org/content/article/how-europeans-evolved-white-skin
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/how-europeans-evolved-have-white-skin-starting-around-8-000-years-ago-10160120.html
https://www.livescience.com/42838-european-hunter-gatherer-genome-sequenced.html
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135
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1
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Someone Stabbed A Cave Bear In The Head 35,000 years ago
#Anthropology #archaeology #ancientanimal
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Sources:
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evolution, game evolution ,human evolution, evolution (idea), korn evolution, evolution clip, do the evolution, evolution of man, games evolution, the evolution of, what is evolution, dexter evolution, scream evolution, evolution of xbox, proof of evolution, evolution of human, evolution of dance, graphic evolution, evolution of baldi, mongraal evolution, evolution of humans, fortnite evolution, evolution of beauty, evolution we can see. documentary, full documentary, music documentary, hd documentary, bbc documentary, showtime documentary, documentary movies - topic, documentaries, dw documentary, kg documentary, documentary bbc, espn documentary, documentary 2020, free documentary, arte documentary, 2017 documentary, pedal documentary, reverb documentary, amazon documentary, netflix documentary, sailing documentary, documentary history, history documentary, civil war documentary, dinosaur, dinosaurs, dinosaur toys, dinosaurs for kids, dinosaur toy, dinosaur game, dinosaur abcd, dinosaur eggs, dinosaur games, jurassic world dinosaurs, dinosaurus, dinosaurio, dinosaur fossils, new dinosaurs, toy dinosaurs, abc dinosaurs, dino, dinos, pet dinosaur, dinosaur a b c, dinosaur abc, dinosaur egg, toy dinosaur, new dinosaur, baby dinosaur, dinosaur hunt, dinosaur tube, dinosaur park, real dinosaur, dinosaur song, dinosoar, dinosaur bones
82
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Neanderthal - Ancient Human
#Humanevolution #evolution #ancienthuman #neanderthal
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Chapters:
(0:00) Opening
(2:36)Discovery
(4:27) Genetic relationship and evolution
(7:32) Distribution and population
(8:50) Anatomy
(17:56) Appearance
(20:11) Genetic populations
(21:35) Diet
(27:02) Predators
(30:06) Food storage and cooking
(32:44) Cannibalism
(35:22) Tool use
(42:27) Climate
(43:27) Clothing
(45:17) Possible hibernation
(46:10) Shelter
(48:07) Seafaring
(49:28) Injuries and medicines
(54:01) Accessory
(59:07) Possible musical instrument
(1:00:14) Cave art
(1:05:59) Burial
(1:08:54) Language
(1:12:27) Social hierarchy
(1:13:30) Compassion
(1:16:06) Arrival of Homo sapiens
(1:19:08) Extinction cause
(1:23:15) Neanderthal genome in Homo sapiens
(1:26:15) Closing
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Check out my stuff!
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/
Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
Email: North02bank@gmail.com
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All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here at all, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove at your request.
Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statutes that might otherwise be infringing.
A lot of the media I use is licensed with compensation to copyright holders and therefore I am not obligated to display a link to the work, this is why my audio and stock footage is not linked in the description.
All video/game/image/music content is recorded and edited under fair use rights for reasons of commentary, education, and social satire.
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Sources: I have them screenshotted at the end of the video.
I had too many to fit in this section.
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A bunch of words to promote my videos:
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