Description

Islam is one of the world's major monotheistic religions, originating in the 7th century CE in the Arabian Peninsula. The term "Islam" itself means submission or surrender to the will of God, and its followers are called Muslims. The central religious text is the Quran, believed by Muslims to be the literal word of God as revealed to Prophet Muhammad. Key Tenets: Monotheism (Tawhid): Islam emphasizes the absolute oneness of God (Allah in Arabic). Muslims believe in a single, indivisible deity with no partners. Prophethood (Risalah): Muslims believe that God has sent prophets throughout history to guide humanity, including Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and the final prophet, Muhammad. Prayer (Salah): Muslims are required to pray five times a day facing the Kaaba in Mecca. These prayers serve as a direct connection between the worshiper and God. Charity (Zakat): Muslims are obligated to give a portion of their wealth to those in need. This is seen as a means of purifying one's wealth and assisting the less fortunate. Fasting (Sawm): During the month of Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn to sunset as an act of self-discipline, spiritual reflection, and empathy for the less fortunate. Pilgrimage (Hajj): Muslims who are physically and financially able are required to perform the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their lifetime. Faith (Iman) and Righteous Deeds (Ihsan): Muslims believe in faith as both belief in the heart and actions in daily life. Striving for excellence and goodness in all aspects of life is encouraged. Diversity: Islam is not a monolithic faith, and there are different sects and interpretations. The two main branches are Sunni and Shia, with various sub-sects within each. Despite these differences, there are fundamental beliefs and practices that unite Muslims worldwide. Cultural Impact: Islam has significantly influenced art, architecture, science, philosophy, and literature throughout history. The Islamic civilization's contributions include advancements in mathematics, medicine, astronomy, and the preservation of classical knowledge. It's important to approach discussions about Islam with respect for diverse interpretations, recognizing that there is a wide range of beliefs and practices within the Muslim community. Understanding the religion requires consideration of its historical context, cultural variations, and the perspectives of its followers.