KRITICAL RACE THEORY

Many black cowboys were former slaves, who took their chances riding the frontier, though riskier, rather than working on farms. Black cowboys who were still slaves were treated with far more respect and dignity than their counterparts working on plantations, since by the very nature of the job, cowboys needed to be independent, trustworthy, and once in the ranks, all cowboys, regardless of race or ethnicity, lived by the “Cowboy Code” of taking responsibility, working as a team, protecting each other in harrowing circumstances. It didn’t matter the color of the hand that reached out to save your life.

In the summer of 1964, St. Augustine Beach became the site of a series of wade-ins that challenged racial segregation and discrimination in public accommodations. These wade-ins, conducted by courageous local residents and members of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), sparked a series of rallies, marches, sit-ins, and protests that ultimately led to the passage of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964.

South Africa's apartheid regime, which lasted from 1948 until 1994, was a brutal system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that denied black South Africans political and economic rights. During this period, the United States grappled with how best to respond to this violation of human rights. I explore the US response to apartheid and how it evolved over time.

The Wilmington massacre, also known as the Wilmington coup of 1898, was a violent and racially motivated attack on the African American community in Wilmington, North Carolina. On November 10, 1898, a white supremacist mob, including members of the local Democratic Party and the Ku Klux Klan, burned down the office of the African American-owned newspaper, The Daily Record, and launched a coordinated attack on the city's black neighborhoods. Dozens of black residents were killed, and many more were forced to flee their homes.

Last year, there were no American-born Black players in the World Series for the first time since 1950. Black american baseball players were only 7.2% of players on opening day in 2022. Here are the theories to explain the lack of US-born Black players in Major League Baseball (MLB).

In 1962, a confrontation with the LAPD outside a mosque resulted in the death of a Nation of Islam member. It was an event seized on by an outraged Malcolm X, who would condemn it in an impassioned speech.

Women and the Civil Rights Movement (U.S. National Park Service) During the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s, women were key strategists. Septima Clark, for example, designed educational programs to teach African American community members how to read and write. She thought this was important in order to vote and gain other rights.Sep 24, 2019

93-year-old JOSEPHINE WRIGHT…OF Hilton Head NORTH CAROLINA says developers are trying to force her to sell her land by using harassment and what she calls a “frivolous lawsuit.”

During the early 1900s, racism and discrimination against African Americans in THE STATE OF Texas WAS rampant. It was a time when the state was grappling with the aftermath of the Civil War and the Reconstruction era.

The Los Angeles City Council gathered on Friday to give a big shout-out and show some love to former 10th District Councilman Nate Holden.

Two miles west of downtown Savannah, Georgia, sits a historical marker in the center of a small plot of a fenced in city park. The surrounding neighborhood is one of the most distressed and depressed sections of the city. HOOD IS PROBABLY THE BEST WAY TO DESCRIBE IT. The marker was dedicated on March 3, 2008. THAT’S 149 years after A slave auction occurred

320 BLACK NAVY PERSONNEL KILLED AND JACKIE ROBINSON BROUGHT UP ON CHARGES

Today, there are few African Americans involved in the US' horse racing industry, but they once dominated the sport, working as jockeys, trainers, breeders and grooms. In fact, in the latter half of the 19th Century, when horse racing was one of the most popular sports in America, African Americans were considered some of the best horsemen in the world, a fact that has long since been forgotten or erased.

on February 11, 1968 MLK had flown to Memphis to support African-American sanitation workers in who WERE STRIKING. THEY WERE protesting unequal wages and harsh working conditions enforced by MEMPHIS Mayor Henry Loeb. Memphis paid black workers less than their white counterparts, provided no uniforms, restrooms, recognized union, or grievance procedure for underpayment.

The year 1919 was marked by a national epidemic of white mob violence against Black Americans, resulting in dozens of deaths, injuries…and destruction of property. However, AS Black Americans were told to stay in their place. They fought back demonstrating collective agency and self-preservation.

In 1917, the 3rd Battalion of the 24th United States ALL BLACK Infantry had been deployed from New Mexico to Texas to guard a construction at Camp Logan. THATS a base that would be built not long after the United States entered World War I. “The soldiers came to town with patriotism in their hearts, ready to serve their country faithfully,”“but IN JIM CROW AMERICA THEY were met with racist provocations and physical violence.”

The Watts Riots lasted for six days, resulting in 34 deaths, 1,032 injuries and 4,000 arrests, involving 34,000 people and ending in the destruction of 1,000 buildings, totaling $40 million in damages.

Lemuel Augustus Penn was the Assistant Superintendent of Washington, D.C. public schools, a decorated veteran of World War II and a Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Army Reserve. While returning home HOMe AFTER RESERVE TRAINING AT FT. BENNING GEORGIA the trip CAME TO A TRAGIC END.

HIS COMPANY was C.R. Patterson & Sons of Greenfield, Ohio. THEY WERE makers of the Patterson-Greenfield automobile from 1915 to 1918. THE name is HARDLY KNOWN today, ….BUT there is in fact a very important reason to ensure that it is not lost to history:

It was May 19, 1918. A lynch mob in Brooks County GEORGIA had already tortured and killed eight black men in two days. IT WAS retaliation for the shooting death of a white FARMER Mary Turner’s husband, Hayes Turner, had been lynched the day before.

Frazier B. Baker was was appointed as postmaster of Lake City, South Carolina in 1897 under the William McKinley administration. This APPOINTMENT led to a tragic end for the African American school teacher…

A century ago, Mississippi’s Senate voted to send all the state’s Black people to Africa. My thoughts and prayers go out to Buffalo Bills Safety Damar Hamlin, who suffered a heart attack in the game yesterday. ?sub_confirmation=1 buymeacoffee.com/KRTn6cftp

Today, I want to share with you a chapter in history that serves as a stark reminder of the ethical boundaries that should never be crossed. It's the story known as the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male, also referred to as the Tuskegee Experiment or the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. sub_confirmation=1 buymeacoffee.com/?via=KRTn6cftp music: |STRONG| ALEX - PRODUCTIONS - NO COPYRIGHT MUSIC

Andry’s Rebellion, also known as the German Coast Uprising, was a slave revolt that occurred in the Territory of Louisiana between January 8 and 10, 1811. The revolt, the largest servile uprising in United States history, was named after the owner of the plantation, Manual Andry, where the uprising originated. sub_confirmation=1 buymeacoffee.com/?via=KRTn6cftp

Despite many of the elements of Trump’s indictment being unprecedented in U.S. history, his arrest isn’t the first one by a former or sitting president, and, coincidentally, it was another Black person who apprehended the only other president to be arrested.