AST2002 Section 0W60

This reinforces the method of calculating eccentricity. It replaces a doc cam PDF from 2018 that is mentioned at 47:00 of "Old form Lecture 5."

Basic syllabus and organizing concepts, plus answered questions.

Sphere of outgoing photons, trapped surfaces, mathematical description of the size of a spherical black hole.

Diagrams of the deflection of starlight, arcs from extended objects that get lensed

How light cones behave near r = 2M, how laser beams behave near r = 2M; time becomes walkable.

The light cone, diverging light rays

Escape velocity and the definition of Schwarzschild black hole, astrophysical black holes like Cygnus X-1; galactic black holes like Sgr A*; primordial black holes in the early universe

SN 1987A, neutrino shockwaves, size of a neutron star, neutron degeneracy pressure, Jocelyn Bell and what she discovered.

Standard candle; short lifetime high mass stars, core collapse supernovae, the trouble with iron, the bounce

Gravitational lensing, light and distance, shell formed by a 1 nanosecond burst of photons, deflection of starlight.

Second lecture of Supernova Week. White dwarf stars go kablooie in Type Ia supernova, reinforce idea of cosmic microwave background (CMB)

The basics of galaxies and the symphony of life. Last lecture of the semester.

Evolution off the Main Sequence, planetary nebulas, missing mass goes to energy in fusion reactions, manufacturing gold nuclei and the rest of the periodic table, shockwaves

Supernova Week: Zero Age Main Sequence, estimating the age of a star cluster like M41 comparing red giant stars to Main Sequence stars

The main sequence and what it tells us about a star. DNA of a star is its mass.

The star Vega, the H-R diagram and the Main Sequence

Blackbody spectra for the Sun and for Procyon A, reinforce peak temperature calculation, using parallax distance measurements, Stefan-Boltzmann Law calculation, distance and the relative danger of burning your eyeballs out; the patterns in color and luminosity -- spectral types

Doppler shift, review of isotope ratios preparatory to red giant star classification

Quick review of energy and power in the metric system; mini-workout on scientific notation; luminosity concepts. Replaces an earlier video that was for another class.

Nuclear fission, nuclear fusion; stability of the Sun

Temperature of incandescent objects and the object's color, the concept of color temperature, Wien's displacement law, example using peak wavelength 570 nm.

Energy in the Sun, nuclear fusion; structure of the Sun; general energy concepts; examples of energy levels. (Last few minutes have scratch audio.)

Calculation of the δ17 Oxygen ratio for lunar meteorite Kalahari 008; ratios for many meteorites and for McKeegan pre-solar grain

Calculating the δ18 Oxygen ratio for mythical meteorite X, for lunar meteorite Kalahari 008; patterns in δ17O and δ18O ratios

The Stardust mission; Fig. 3 in McKeegan et al. (2006)