How Can Public Transport Better Compete with the Car (Part 4)?

The aim of this 5 part series is to disseminate the concepts of urban transport planning. The need for such a series was felt after confusion reigned on social media during the great many debates that the road widening projects carried out by Infrastructure Malta ignited.

References
Mees, P. (2010) Transport for suburbia. Beyond the automobile age. London: Earthscan.
Simply building a rail will not induce a modal shift away from the car
Edwards, M. and Mackett, R. L. (1996) ‘Developing new urban public transport systems. An irrational decision-making process’. Transport Policy. 3(4) pp. 225 – 239.
Paulley, N., Balcombe, R., Mackett, R., Titheridge, H., Preston, J., Wardman M., Shires, J. and White., P. (2006) ‘The demand for public transport: The effects of fares, quality of service, income and car ownership.’ Transport Policy. 13 pp. 295 – 306.
Ontario Professional Planners Institute (OPPI) (Institut des planificateurs
professionnels de l’ Ontario (2011) Plain Transit for Planners. Unknown place of publication: Ontario Professional Planners Institute (OPPI) (Institut des planificateurs professionnels de l’ Ontario. [Online] [Accessed on 24th
December 2016]
http://ontarioplanners.ca/PDF/Healthy-Communities/2011/Plain-Transit-For-Planners-Paper.aspx
Pucher, J. and Kurth, S. (1996) ‘Verkehrsbund: the success of regional public transport in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.’ Transport Policy. 2(4) pp. 279 – 291.
Frémont, A. and Franc, P. (2010) ‘Hinterland transportation in Europe: Combined transport versus road transport.’ Journal of Transport Geography. 18 pp. 548 – 556.

Advantages of Public Transport
Fan, W. and Macemehl, R. B. (2006) ‘Using a simulated annealing algorithm to solve the Transit Route Network Design Problem.’ Journal of Transportation Engineering. 132(2) pp. 122 –132.
Benenson, I., Martens, K., Rofé, Y. and Kwartler, A (2011) ‘Public transport versus private car GIS-based estimation of accessibility applied to Tel Aviv metropolitan area’. [Special issue] The Annals of regional Science. 47 pp. 499 – 515.
Vega, A. (2011) ‘A Multi-modal approach to sustainable accessibility: A case study of the city of Galway, Ireland.’ Proceedings of the ITRN2011. Cork: University College Cork.

Economists’ Ideas of Reducing Congestion
Hodge, D. C. (1997) ‘Accessibility-related issues.’ Journal of Transport Geography. 5 pp. 33 – 34.
Murray, A. T. (2001) ‘Strategic analysis of public transport coverage.’ Socio-Economic Planning Sciences.’ 35 pp. 175 – 188.

Bicycle Advocacy Group has changed its name to Rota.mt https://www.facebook.com/rotadotmt

A Strategy of Public Transpor with Cycling
Martens, K. (2004) ‘The bicycle as a feedering mode: experiences from hree European countries.’ Transportation Research Part D. 9 pp. 281 – 294.
Martens, K. (2007) ‘Promoting bike-and-ride: The Dutch experience.’ Transportation Research Part A. 41 pp. 326 – 338.

Motorcycles Pollute More Than The Car.
https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/greenspace/2011/09/mythbusters-motorcycle-emissions.html