On Which Part of the Earth Did Hazrat Adam Descend | حضرت آدم علیہ السلام زمین کے کس حصے پر اترے؟

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On Which Part of the Earth Did Hazrat Adam (AS) Descend?

Assalamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh, dear viewers.
Welcome to another enlightening episode of your daily Islamic series, “Noor-e-Hidayat: Islami Sawalat aur Jawabat.”
This is the program where we seek knowledge and clarity about Islam through authentic Quranic verses and Hadith.
Today’s important question is: On Which Part of the Earth Did Hazrat Adam (AS) Descend?

The descent of Hazrat Adam, peace be upon him, from Paradise to earth marks the beginning of human life on this planet. This moment is one of the most profound events in the history of creation, showing both the mercy and the wisdom of Allah the Almighty. The Holy Quran and Hadith mention that Allah sent Adam, peace be upon him, to earth after he and his wife Hawwa, peace be upon her, ate from the forbidden tree. However, the question arises — on which part of the earth did Hazrat Adam descend? The Quran provides the divine context of this descent, while authentic narrations and explanations by Islamic scholars give us insight into where this historic moment took place.

Allah the Almighty mentions the story of Adam’s descent in several places in the Holy Quran. In **Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 36**, Allah says, “Then Satan caused them both to slip from it and removed them from that [condition] in which they had been. And We said, ‘Go down, all of you, as enemies to one another, and you will have upon the earth a dwelling place and provision for a time.’” This verse shows that Allah commanded Adam, Hawwa, and Iblis to descend to the earth as a consequence of their disobedience. It was not a punishment of humiliation but a part of Allah’s greater plan — to make Adam and his descendants vicegerents on earth.

According to Islamic tradition, there are several narrations regarding the exact location on earth where Hazrat Adam, peace be upon him, descended. The most well-known opinion among scholars, supported by early historians and interpreters such as Imam Ibn Kathir and Imam Al-Tabari, is that Hazrat Adam descended on the land of India, particularly on the **mountain of Serendib, known today as Sri Lanka. This place is often referred to as “Adam’s Peak” or “Jabal Adam.” It is said that the mark of Adam’s footprint remained on this mountain as a sign of his descent.

Imam Al-Qurtubi, in his Tafsir, explains that when Adam was sent down from Paradise, he landed on a high mountain in India. At the same time, Hazrat Hawwa descended in the land of Jeddah, near Makkah in Arabia. The two remained separated for a long time, praying and seeking forgiveness from Allah. Finally, by His mercy, Allah caused them to meet again in the plain of Arafat, near Makkah. That is why the place is called “Arafat,” which means “recognition” or “meeting.” This meeting symbolizes the mercy of Allah and the reunion of the first human couple on earth.

A narration reported by Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, supports this account. He said that Adam descended on the mountain of India while Hawwa descended in Jeddah, and after years of separation, they met at Arafat. The great historian Imam Ibn Kathir, in his famous work Al-Bidayah wan Nihayah, also mentioned this view as the most accepted among early scholars.

The Quran further reminds us of the divine purpose behind Adam’s descent. In Surah Taha, verse 123, Allah says, “He said, ‘Go down from it, all of you, being enemies to one another. And when guidance comes to you from Me, whoever follows My guidance will not go astray nor fall into distress.’” This verse clearly shows that the descent of Adam was not only physical but also spiritual — marking the beginning of mankind’s test on earth, guided by divine revelation.

Some scholars, such as Mujahid and Qatadah, mentioned alternative opinions, suggesting that Adam may have descended in the region of Dahna (Arabia) or between Makkah and Taif. However, the majority of classical scholars favored the view that his descent occurred on the mountain of Serendib in India. This opinion is supported by ancient reports, geographic traditions, and the continuity of this belief among the early Muslim generations.

The story of Adam’s descent carries profound lessons. It teaches humanity that although Adam was sent down from Paradise due to a mistake, Allah immediately granted him the opportunity for repentance. In Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 37, Allah says, “Then Adam received from his Lord words, and He accepted his repentance. Indeed, He is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful.” This verse shows that the earth was not a place of punishment for Adam, but rather a place of purpose — where he and his descendants would live, learn, and strive for the mercy of their Creator.

Furthermore, the place of his descent in India also carries a symbolic meaning. India, being one of the richest lands in terms of natural beauty, water, and resources, reflects Allah’s mercy and provision. It became the first home for humanity, from where mankind began to spread across the world.

In conclusion, the most widely accepted belief among Islamic scholars is that Hazrat Adam, peace be upon him, descended upon the mountain of Serendib (Sri Lanka or India), while Hazrat Hawwa descended near Jeddah, and they reunited at Arafat. This blessed beginning of human life on earth carries lessons of mercy, repentance, and hope. It reminds us that even when we fall into error, Allah’s door of forgiveness remains open. As Allah declares in Surah Al-A’raf, verse 25, “He said, ‘Therein you shall live, and therein you shall die, and from it you shall be brought forth.’” The story of Adam’s descent is not merely a tale of the past — it is the story of humanity’s journey from Paradise to earth, and ultimately, back to the eternal home by the mercy of Allah.

We pray that Allah Almighty grants us the ability to act upon what we have learned today.
O Allah, increase us in knowledge, faith, and understanding.
O Allah, fill our hearts with Your light and make our deeds a means of Your pleasure. Ameen.

See you tomorrow, Insha’Allah, with another inspiring question and answer in “Noor-e-Hidayat.”
Until then, keep remembering Allah, for indeed, “In the remembrance of Allah do hearts find peace.”

Allah Hafiz

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