How does Surah At-Tawbah define true repentance سورہ توبہ سچی توبہ کی تعریف کیسے کرتی ہے ؟

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That How does Surah At-Tawbah define true repentance?

I begin in the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Alhamdulillah, by the grace of Allah Almighty, we are beginning Statement No. 6. Our aim is to learn and teach from the Quran and Sunnah, understand the rulings, reflect on history, and seek solutions to problems with divine guidance. May Allah Almighty make this statement beneficial and a source of light for all hearts.

Today we will be describe, That How does Surah At-Tawbah define true repentance?

Repentance (tawbah) holds a central place in Islam, as it reflects the servant’s return to Allah Almighty after committing sins, with humility, regret, and a sincere resolve to reform. Surah At-Tawbah, one of the most powerful chapters of the Qur’an, discusses repentance extensively, showing that Allah’s mercy is vast and that no matter how great the sin, the door of forgiveness remains open for those who turn back sincerely. This Surah was revealed during a period of great trial for the Muslim community, especially in the context of the Battle of Tabuk, where some believers fell short in their duties. Through these events, Allah revealed the qualities of true repentance and how it distinguishes sincere believers from hypocrites.

One of the most significant verses on repentance in Surah At-Tawbah is verse 104, where Allah says: “Do they not know that it is Allah who accepts the repentance of His servants and receives charities and that it is Allah who is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful”. This verse emphasizes that repentance is not merely a personal act of regret but a divine gift—Allah Himself accepts repentance when the servant sincerely turns to Him. True repentance, therefore, is defined not by lip service but by the heart’s return to Allah in humility and obedience.

Surah At-Tawbah also highlights the conditions of true repentance by contrasting the behavior of hypocrites with that of sincere believers. Allah mentions in verse 102 of Surah At-Tawbah : "And there are others who have acknowledged their sins. They had mixed a righteous deed with another that was bad. Perhaps Allah will turn to them in forgiveness. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful”. Here, true repentance is linked with self-honesty and acknowledgment of one’s sins. Unlike the hypocrites who made excuses or justified their shortcomings, the sincere believers admitted their faults, combined them with good deeds, and hoped for Allah’s forgiveness. This teaches that repentance requires humility and recognition of one’s mistakes rather than denial or arrogance.

A profound example of true repentance in Surah At-Tawbah is the story of the three companions—Ka‘b ibn Malik, Hilal ibn Umayyah, and Murarah ibn Rabi‘—who failed to join the Prophet (PBUH) in the Battle of Tabuk without valid excuses. Unlike the hypocrites, they did not lie or present false justifications. Instead, they confessed their fault openly, and as a result, Allah tested them by isolating them for fifty days until He revealed His acceptance of their repentance. Allah says in verse 118 Surah At-Tawbah : “And [He also forgave] the three who were left behind [and regretted their error] to the point that the earth closed in on them despite its vastness, and their souls were constricted, and they were certain that there is no refuge from Allah except in Him. Then He turned to them so they could repent. Indeed, Allah is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful”. This passage defines true repentance as a deep realization of one’s need for Allah, accompanied by inner pain for sin, patience in bearing its consequences, and firm reliance on Allah’s mercy.

Furthermore, Surah At-Tawbah warns against false repentance. In verse 66, hypocrites who mocked Allah and His Messenger (PBUH) tried to excuse themselves by saying they were only joking. Allah declared in Surah At-Tawbah verse 66: “Make no excuse; you have disbelieved after your belief” (9:. This shows that repentance is invalid if it is accompanied by excuses, mockery, or insincerity. Similarly, in verse 80, Allah told the Prophet (PBUH) regarding certain hypocrites: “Ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them. Even if you ask forgiveness for them seventy times—Allah will never forgive them” (9:80). This indicates that forgiveness is not granted to those who outwardly seek it while inwardly persisting in hypocrisy and disbelief. Thus, Surah At-Tawbah makes it clear that repentance must be sincere, not a superficial attempt to escape accountability.

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) also explained the qualities of true repentance in his sayings. He said (Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith 4252): “Remorse is repentance” , highlighting that genuine regret for past sins is the heart of tawbah. In another Hadith recorded in Sahih Muslim (Hadith 2749), the Prophet (PBUH) said: “Allah extends His hand at night to accept the repentance of those who sinned by day, and He extends His hand by day to accept the repentance of those who sinned by night, until the sun rises from the west.” This Hadith echoes Surah At-Tawbah’s emphasis on Allah’s mercy and the constant availability of repentance as long as one sincerely turns to Him.

In conclusion, Surah At-Tawbah defines true repentance as a sincere turning back to Allah with humility, honesty, and regret, accompanied by a commitment to righteousness. It requires acknowledgment of one’s sins without excuses, enduring the consequences of wrongdoing with patience, and seeking refuge in Allah’s mercy. The stories of the three companions, the distinction between hypocrites and true believers, and the repeated emphasis on Allah as At-Tawwab (the Accepter of repentance) all illustrate that repentance is not a one-time utterance but a transformative process that renews faith. True repentance purifies the heart, strengthens sincerity, and reestablishes the bond between servant and Creator, making it a central pillar of the believer’s spiritual journey.

We conclude today's discourse with this humble supplication: O Allah, purify our hearts, accept our deeds, forgive our sins, and include us among Your grateful servants. Bless us in our time, our families, and our faith, and gather us under the shade of Your mercy on the Day of Judgment. Amen

Allah Hafiz

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