How Surah At-Tawbah describe hypocrisy in society سورہ توبہ معاشرے میں منافقت کو کیسے بیان کرتی ہے

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How does Surah At-Tawbah describe hypocrisy in society?

I begin in the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Alhamdulillah, by the grace of Allah Almighty , we are beginning statement number 3. Our aim is to learn and teach from the Quran and Sunnah, understand the rulings, reflect on history, and seek solutions to problems with divine guidance. May Allah Almighty make this statement useful and a source of light for all hearts.

Today we will explain how Surah At-Tawbah describes hypocrisy in society?

Surah At-Tawbah, also known as Bara', is one of the most powerful chapters in the Quran in exposing the trend of hypocrisy (nifaq) and its destructive effects on both individuals and society. Unlike other chapters, it does not begin with Bismillah Al-Rahman Al-Rahim, reflecting its tone of stern warning and judgment. This Surah was revealed at a time when the Muslim community in Medina was facing internal challenges, especially from the hypocrites (*munafiqeen*) who outwardly pretended to support Islam but secretly opposed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). And weakened Muslim society. Allah? It clearly describes their characteristics, behavior, and the threats they posed to the unity of the Muslim Ummah. One of the central themes of Surah At-Tawbah is that hypocrisy undermines the moral foundations of society, creating distrust, cowardice, and division.

One of the main ways in which the Surah highlights hypocrisy in society is by exposing the hypocrites' attitude toward communal obligations such as striving in the way of Allah. Allah Almighty says in Surah At-Tawbah, verse 81: Those who remained behind were content to remain in their homes after the departure of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and disliked striving in the way of Allah with their wealth and lives, and they said: "Do not go out in the heat." Say: "If only they would appreciate the heat of the Fire." Here, Allah Almighty exposes their selfishness and fear, showing that while society demands sacrifice and unity, hypocrites weaken it by preferring worldly comforts. In contrast, true believers are willing to endure hardships for the common good.

Another dimension of hypocrisy in society is their tendency to doubt, criticize, and ridicule religion. In Surah At-Tawbah, verse 65-66, Allah Almighty says: And if you ask them, they will certainly say, "We were only talking and playing." Say, "Were you mocking Allah and His verses and His Messenger (PBUH)" and said in verse (69)"Do not make excuses, you have disbelieved after your faith.". This verse shows how the hypocrites undermine society by mocking sacred values, creating an atmosphere where religious commitment is disrespected. Such mockery spreads chaos and destroys the seriousness of faith in communal life.

Surah At-Tawbah also describes the hypocrisy of the hypocrites through their acts of worship and charity. Allah Almighty says in At-Tawbah verse 54: "And nothing prevents their charity from being accepted except that they disbelieve in Allah and His Messenger, and that they do not come to prayer except when they are lazy, and that they do not give except when they are reluctant" . In society, this results in a culture where outward religious acts are performed for show, but sincerity and devotion are absent. Their laziness in prayer and reluctance in charity weaken sectarian unity. and paints a deceptive picture of piety, which confuses people about the true essence of Islam.

Furthermore, the Surah points to their role in creating division in society. A striking example of this is the incident of the Masjid of Deir mentioned in Surah At-Tawbah, verses 107-108: "And there are those who took the mosque as a place for disbelief and dissension among the believers and for those who waged war against Allah and His Messenger, and We will certainly clothe them with the best of garments before them. Allah bears witness that they are liars. Never stand in it - a mosque that has been established since the first day is more worthy that you stand in it. This shows that the hypocrites also try to exploit religious institutions to create division, showing that their harm is not only personal but also social, because their aim is to divide the unity of the believers.

The Surah also emphasizes that hypocrisy spreads negativity in society by discouraging good deeds and encouraging evil. In Surah At-Tawbah, verse 67, Allah Almighty says: "The hypocrite men and the hypocrite women are of one another. They enjoin evil and forbid good and withhold their hands. They have forgotten Allah, so He has forgotten them. Indeed, the hypocrites are the disobedient" . This is the opposite of what true believers do, as stated in verse 71, where believers enjoin good and forbid evil. Thus, hypocrisy creates an inverted moral order in society, where corruption is normalized and goodness is abandoned. Prophet (PBUH) also warned against the societal dangers of hypocrisy. In Sahih Muslim (Hadith 58), he said: “The most hateful person in the sight of Allah is the hypocrite who disputes and lies.” This type of behavior destabilizes communities, since dishonesty, betrayal, and treachery erode the trust upon which social relations are built. Furthermore, in Sunan Abi Dawood (Hadith 4688), he explained that the hypocrite breaks promises, betrays trusts, and behaves with injustice when in disputes—all actions that disrupt the social fabric.

In conclusion, Surah At-Tawbah portrays hypocrisy not just as a personal flaw but as a societal danger. Hypocrites avoid sacrifice, mock religious values, perform worship without sincerity, build institutions of division, and promote immorality while discouraging good. Their behavior corrodes trust, weakens communal bonds, and spreads corruption, ultimately threatening the stability and unity of the Muslim ummah. By exposing these traits, Surah At-Tawbah calls on believers to remain vigilant, to promote sincerity and sacrifice, and to guard their communities against the destructive influence of hypocrisy.

We conclude today's discourse with this humble supplication: O Allah, purify our hearts, accept our deeds, forgive our sins, and include us among Your grateful servants. Bless us in our time, our families, and our faith, and gather us under the shade of Your mercy on the Day of Judgment. Amen

Allah Hafiz
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