A Student Ate 5 Day Old Pasta For Lunch. This Is What Happened To His Liver.

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Mild forms of this case are relatively common in incidence, but not common in this severity. The story of Patient AJ is based on literature. References below.
Patient AJ portrayed by Marcus Ellison Jr
Production Assistant: Bradley Williams
Music by Lifeformed â–º https://lifeformed.bandcamp.com

Thumbnail derived from Cirrhosis of the Liver by Wellcome
Closed Ackee (Blighia sapida) Fruit on Tree By Jerome Walker
Acute Hepatic Necrosis Slide by David E. Kleiner, MD, PhD of National Cancer Institute
Cirrhosis Hepatis by Alfred Kast of Wellcome
Cirrhosis With Fatty Degeneration of the Liver by Wellcome
Cirrhosis of the Liver (Trichrome Stain) by Ed Uthman

References:
[1] Naranjo M. et. al. Sudden death of a young adult associated with Bacillus cereus food poisoning. J Clin Microbiol. 2011 Dec;49(12):4379-81. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3232990/

[2] Derrick K et. al. Fatal Family Outbreak of Bacillus cereus-Associated Food Poisoning. J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Aug;43(8):4277-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1233987/

[3] Mahler H. et. al. N Engl J Med. 1997 Apr 17;336(16):1142-8. Fulminant liver failure in association with the emetic toxin of Bacillus cereus. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9099658/

[4] Ng CKF. et. al. Hepatorenal Syndrome. Clin Biochem Rev. 2007 Feb; 28(1): 11–17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1904420/ 

[5] Scott TR et. al. Pathophysiology of cerebral oedema in acute liver failure. World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Dec 28; 19(48): 9240–9255. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3882398/

[6] Tanaka K. On the mode of action of hypoglycin A. 3. Isolation and identification of cis-4-decene-1,10-dioic, cis, cis-4,7-decadiene-1,10-dioic, cis-4-octene-1,8-dioic, glutaric, and adipic acids, N-(methylenecyclopropyl)acetylglycine, and N-isovalerylglycine from urine of hypoglycin A-treated rats. J Biol Chem. 1972 Dec 10;247(23):7465–7478. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4636318/

[7] Tanaka K. et. al. Jamaican vomiting sickness. Biochemical investigation of two cases. N Engl J Med. 1976 Aug 26;295(9):461-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/940578/

[8] Reye RD. et. al. ENCEPHALOPATHY AND FATTY DEGENERATION OF THE VISCERA. A DISEASE ENTITY IN CHILDHOOD. Lancet. 1963 Oct 12;2(7311):749-52. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14055046

[9] Ekman JV et. al.  Cereulide produced by Bacillus cereus increases the fitness of the producer organism in low-potassium environments. Microbiology. 2012 Apr;158(Pt 4):1106-16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22241046/

These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I do not give medical advice over the internet, see your own physician in person for that.

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