Multiple Points about the Kidneys

Kidney Stones: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Kidney stones are hard mineral and salt deposits that form inside the kidneys, often due to dehydration, dietary factors, or underlying medical conditions. These stones vary in size and can cause intense pain when passing through the urinary tract. Common symptoms include severe back or abdominal pain, blood in urine, frequent urination, nausea, and difficulty passing urine.

There are several types of kidney stones, including calcium oxalate, uric acid, struvite, and cystine stones, each with unique causes and risk factors. Preventing kidney stones involves drinking enough water, reducing sodium intake, maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and limiting foods high in oxalates or animal protein.

Treatment options depend on stone size and severity, ranging from increased hydration and pain management to medical procedures like lithotripsy or minimally invasive surgery for larger stones. Early diagnosis and lifestyle changes can reduce recurrence and protect long-term kidney health.

If left untreated, kidney stones can lead to urinary tract infections, kidney damage, or chronic kidney disease. Consulting a healthcare professional ensures proper diagnosis, personalized treatment, and preventive strategies.