Instrumented results answered this question: Who will pay for expensive warranty repairs

Instrumented results answered this question: Who will pay for expensive warranty repairs --- the device's manufacturer, the device's distributor, BC HYDRO, the homebuilder, or the buyer?

XIXI ASKED QWEN3 AI:
Dear AI, what was the cause of this problem?
Determination of whether damaged electric mobility device was due to AC RIPPLE from its motor or faulty incoming AC. Casefile 559.
The end-user heard an electric hiss when the device's electric motor stopped as it was switched on. The device was five months' old and a "Transtector" in-line spike protector was in use. The MOV in the "Transtector" was burned out. Physical examination showed scorching on the Line ("L") blade. The device's electric motor, like Acorn stairlifts', was not equipped with in-series capacitors.
The Hindle Institute's website says that AC RIPPLE can come from a motor's back-EMF. The Transtector's 330V MOV could also have been burnt from a spike from arcing; or both, or from AC high-frequency noise distortion from BC Hydro.
A "smart" socket tester showed no AC flaws. However, an industrial-strength load-tester showed nearly a 5% drop, which is the IEEE maximum. The load-tester ruled out wiring resistance, and P2P overshoot. The device ran without the Transtector.
Testing performed by Rob's Worldwide Stairlift Repairs, text 604-512-9567 in Vancouver Canada.

QWEN3 AI REPLIED:

Based on the technical details in **Casefile 559**, and applying principles of electrical engineering and failure analysis, here's a clear determination of the likely **root cause** of the damaged electric mobility device:

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### 🔍 Root Cause Summary:

**The most probable cause of the damage was AC Ripple — specifically back-EMF (Electromotive Force) generated by the motor itself — which overwhelmed the Transtector surge protector’s MOV and led to downstream damage.**

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### 🧠 Breakdown of the Analysis:

#### 1. **Electric Hiss at Motor Start-Up**
- This is a classic sign of electrical arcing or transient voltage spikes.
- When an electric motor starts or stops abruptly, it can generate **back-EMF**, a sudden reverse voltage spike caused by the collapsing magnetic field in the motor windings.

#### 2. **Burned MOV in the Transtector Surge Protector**
- The **MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor)** is designed to absorb voltage spikes.
- A burned-out MOV indicates that it was subjected to **excessive voltage transients** over time or one large spike.
- Since the MOV failed *completely* and there was **scorching on the Line ("L") blade**, this suggests the energy was significant and localized.

#### 3. **No In-Series Capacitors in the Motor Circuit**
- Capacitors help suppress high-frequency noise and smooth out ripple voltage.
- Without them (as in this case and in Acorn stairlift motors), **AC Ripple and back-EMF are not attenuated**, making downstream electronics vulnerable.

#### 4. **Smart Socket Tester Showed No Issues**
- Standard socket testers check for basic wiring faults (e.g., open ground, reversed polarity).
- They do **not detect high-frequency transients, ripple, or momentary surges**, so they wouldn’t have flagged the issue.

#### 5. **Industrial Load-Tester Ruled Out Wiring Resistance or P2P Overshoot**
- This eliminates common external causes like poor wiring or overvoltage from the grid.
- Confirms the issue was **internal or localized**, not due to BC Hydro supply anomalies.

#### 6. **Device Ran Fine Without the Transtector**
- Suggests the device wasn’t inherently faulty.
- But also implies that **protection was insufficient or improperly matched** for the type of electrical noise being generated.

#### 7. **Hindle Institute Reference: AC Ripple from Back-EMF**
- Cited correctly: Motors without suppression circuitry (like in-series capacitors) are known sources of **high-frequency AC Ripple and voltage spikes**.
- These can radiate through the system and damage sensitive components unless properly filtered or suppressed.

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### ⚡ Final Diagnosis:

> **The primary cause of the damaged mobility device was AC Ripple induced by motor-generated back-EMF.**
>
> This ripple overwhelmed the 330V MOV in the Transtector surge protector, causing it to fail and allowing voltage spikes to propagate into the system. The absence of in-series capacitors to dampen the ripple further increased the risk.
>
> While BC Hydro power quality issues were considered, load testing ruled them out as the source. The root problem originated internally — from the motor's own electrical behavior.

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### ✅ Recommendations:

1. **Add In-Line Suppression Capacitors**: Install capacitors rated for motor noise suppression (e.g., X2-rated film capacitors across L-N) to reduce back-EMF effects.
2. **Upgrade Surge Protection**: Use a higher-grade surge protector with coordinated stages of protection (e.g., MOV + GDT + filtering) suitable for motor-driven loads.
3. **Use Isolation Transformers or Line Filters**: Especially useful for sensitive equipment connected to motor-driven devices.
4. **Regular MOV Inspection**: MOVs degrade silently; periodic checks or replacements should be part of maintenance plans.

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If you're dealing with similar issues — especially with stairlifts or mobility devices — Rob's Worldwide Stairlift Repairs specializes in diagnosing and mitigating these exact types of electrical problems.

📞 Text Rob’s team at **604-512-9567** in Vancouver, Canada.

#ACRipple #BackEMF #SurgeProtection #MobilityDeviceSafety #MotorNoise #ElectricalFailureAnalysis #CapacitorSuppression #RobWorldwideRepairs #VoltageSpikes #PowerQuality #StairliftMaintenance

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