Regia Marina in action in world war two | italian navy | {Colorized & Enhanced}

* 𝘾𝙧𝙚𝙙𝙞𝙩𝙨 *
Source = Movie "La Nave Bianca" (the White Ship) by Roberto Rossellini - 1941
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Naval combat footage aboard a Littorio Class Battleship in 1941.

* -- SUBTITLES ON -- in English / French / German / Italian / Spanish / Russian / Portoguese / Japanese*

The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy'; pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic, the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").

Entering the war, the Regia Marina was operating under a number of limitations. Though significant assets were available to challenge the Royal Navy for control of the Mediterranean, there had been a lack of emphasis on the incorporation of technological advances such as radar and sonar.

This meant that in night engagements or foul weather, the Italian ships were unable to detect the approach of their British adversaries. When engaged, they could only range their guns if they were able to visually locate their targets.

The Regia Marina had six battleships with which to contend for control of the Mediterranean, the four most modern of which were being re-fitted at the outbreak of the war. In addition to the six capital ships, the Italians had 19 cruisers, 59 destroyers, 67 torpedo boats, and 116 submarines.

Though the Regia Marina had a number of fast new cruisers with good range in their gunnery, the older classes were lightly built and had inadequate defensive armor. Numerically the Italian fleet was formidable, but there were a large number of older vessels, and the service suffered in general from insufficient time at sea for crew training.

Italy's lack of raw materials meant that it would have great difficulty building new ships over the course of the war.

Thus, the assets that it had were handled with caution by Supermarina. Allied commanders at sea had a fair degree of autonomy and discretion to fight their vessels as circumstance allowed, but Italian commanders were required to confer with their headquarters before committing their forces in an engagement that might result in their loss.

That led to delays in arriving at decisions and actions being avoided even when the Italians had a clear advantage.An example occurred during "Operation Hats" in which the Regia Marina had superior forces but failed to commit them to take advantage of the opportunity.

A further key disadvantage in the convoy support and interception battles that dominated the Battle of the Mediterranean was the intelligence advantage granted to the British in intercepting German Ultra and, through this, the key information on Italian convoy routes, times of departure, time of arrival, and make up of the convoy.

The warships of the Regia Marina had a general reputation as being well-designed. Italian small attack craft lived up to expectations and were responsible for many successful actions in the Mediterranean. Though Italian warships lacked radar, that was partly offset in fair weather by good optical rangefinder and fire-control systems.

The Italian Navy lacked a fleet air arm.
The High Command had reasoned that since the Italian navy would be operating solely in the Mediterranean, their vessels would never be far from an airfield and so the time and the resources needed to develop a naval air arm could be directed elsewhere. This proved problematic on a number of occasions. The Italians had the aircraft carriers Aquila and Sparviero under construction at the start of the war, but neither was ever completed.

Lastly, the lack of natural oil reserves and subsequent shortage of oil precluded extensive fleet operations.
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All materials showcased in this video are used for educational purposes under the guidelines of "𝗙𝗮𝗶𝗿 𝗨𝘀𝗲."
Any footage or images included remain the property of their respective copyright holders, where applicable.
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