Genesis 17

God Appears to Abram (v.1–2):

When Abram is 99 years old, God appears and identifies Himself as El Shaddai ("God Almighty").

God calls Abram to walk before Him blamelessly and promises to confirm His covenant.

Name Change and Covenant (v.3–8):

God changes Abram (“exalted father”) to Abraham (“father of many”).

He promises that Abraham will be the father of many nations and that kings will come from him.

The land of Canaan will be an everlasting possession for his descendants.

Sign of the Covenant: Circumcision (v.9–14):

God commands that every male in Abraham’s household, including servants, be circumcised.

This act is the physical sign of the covenant and must be continued by future generations.

Promise to Sarah (v.15–16):

God changes Sarai’s name to Sarah (“princess”) and declares she will bear a son.

She will become a mother of nations; kings will come from her.

Abraham’s Reaction and God’s Assurance (v.17–22):

Abraham laughs in disbelief and suggests Ishmael might fulfill God’s promise.

God affirms that Isaac, not Ishmael, will be the covenant child, though Ishmael will also be blessed.

Obedience to God's Command (v.23–27):

Abraham obeys immediately, circumcising himself, Ishmael, and all the males in his household that same day.

Key Themes:
Covenant Relationship: God formalizes His everlasting covenant with Abraham and his descendants.

Identity and Purpose: The name changes of Abram and Sarai reflect their new roles in God’s plan.

Faith and Obedience: Abraham's immediate obedience demonstrates trust, even when the promise seems impossible.

God’s Sovereignty and Grace: God chooses Isaac as the covenant heir, but still blesses Ishmael—showing both divine choice and compassion.