Ibrahim Traore Speech Sends SHOCKWAVES Worldwide!

Burkina Faso’s junta leader, Captain Ibrahim Traoré, called Macron’s remarks an insult. “To him, we are not human beings,” Traoré said.

Senegalese Prime Minister Ousmane Sonko also criticised Macron, reminding him that African soldiers had fought for France during World War II.
“It was thanks to our ancestors that France exists today,” Sonko said.

How France continues to dominate its former Colonies in Africa

https://mronline.org/2021/04/27/how-france-continues-to-dominate-its-former-colonies-in-africa/

French exploitation of Gold mines in Africa during and after decolonization

https://www.faf.ae/home/2025/1/12/french-exploitation-of-gold-mines-in-africa-during-and-after-decolonization

Africa’s second top gold producer halts issuance of mining permits to foreigners

https://www.radicalleap.com/2025/africas-second-top-gold-producer-halts-issuance-of-mining-permits-to-foreigners/

CFA franc’s fall against dollar poses problems for Africa’s franc zone
The value of the CFA franc has fallen steeply against the dollar since January, posing problems for the 14 countries in West and Central Africa that use it.

https://african.business/2022/07/finance-services/cfa-francs-fall-against-dollar-poses-problems-for-africas-franc-zone

The Independence Movements and Decolonization of Africa

https://nicholasidoko.com/blog/2023/01/15/the-independence-movements-and-decolonization-of-africa/

Chapter 16: Africa: Decolonization and independence, 1945-2024

https://routledgelearning.com/internationalhistory20c/students/chapter-16-africa-decolonization-and-independence-1945-2024/

The legacy of French colonialism in Africa

https://unitedworldint.com/20956-the-legacy-of-french-colonialism-in-africa/

The Independence Movements and Decolonization of Africa

https://radarafrica.com/africa/breaking-free-africas-journey-of-decolonization-from-french-rule/

Resurgence of Coups and Anti-French Sentiments in West Africa: A Review of the “Unconstitutional” Change of Governments in Burkina Faso and Niger

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-83868-2_17

https://www.radicalleap.com/2025/africas-second-top-gold-producer-halts-issuance-of-mining-permits-to-foreigners/

End of an era: West African states to halt use of CFA Franc

https://www.africanews.com/2019/12/22/end-of-an-era-west-african-states-to-halt-use-of-cfa-franc/

Macron’s Africa 'reset' stumbles as leaders call out colonial overtones
French President Emmanuel Macron’s efforts to “reset” France’s relationship with its former African colonies appear to be faltering. Seven years after coming to power with promises of reform, a growing number of West African nations are asking for French troops to leave, signalling a breakdown in relations

https://www.rfi.fr/en/africa/20250125-macron-s-africa-reset-stumbles-as-leaders-call-out-colonial-overtones

Niger Bans Air France & All Other French Aircraft From Its Airspace

https://simpleflying.com/air-france-french-aircraft-banned-niger-airspace/

Symposium on the CFA Franc Reform in West Africa: WAEMU States’ Exit from the CFA Franc Zone: Legal and Other Considerations

https://www.afronomicslaw.org/category/analysis/symposium-cfa-franc-reform-west-africa-waemu-states-exit-cfa-franc-zone-legal-and

CFA Franc Drops 4% Against Dollar, Gains 40% Against Naira in 2024

https://www.ecofinagency.com/finance/2402-46438-cfa-franc-drops-4-against-dollar-gains-40-against-naira-in-2024

West Africa Currency | Significance of dumping CFA Franc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=if_84fVq_ZM

West Africa Currency | Significance of dumping CFA Franc

https://environmentaljusticetv.wordpress.com/2019/12/26/west-africa-currency-significance-of-dumping-cfa-franc/

Dropping France, Mahamat Kaka tilts to Turkey and the UAE

https://www.africa-confidential.com/article/id/15290/Dropping_France,_Mahamat_Kaka_tilts_to_Turkey_and_the_UAE

France's bitter retreat from west Africa - The Economist

https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2025/02/01/frances-bitter-retreat-from-west-africa

France Eyes BRICS Summit; Africa Dropping Dollar; Iran Presidential Tour

https://sputnikglobe.com/20230616/france-eyes-brics-summit-africa-dropping-dollar-iran-presidential-tour-1111200630.html

As AES and ECOWAS drift apart, dialogue on the ... - ISS Africa

https://issafrica.org/iss-today/as-aes-and-ecowas-drift-apart-dialogue-on-the-fundamentals-is-vital

THE AES COUNTRIES’ EXIT FROM ECOWAS AND THE BUILDING
OF REGIONAL SECURITY

https://pscc.fes.de/fileadmin/user_upload/images/publications/2024/FES-PSCC-NoteAnalyse02-A4-EN-LowRes.pdf

Coalition of Coups: The AES-ECOWAS Split and West Africa’s Security Crisis

https://georgetownsecuritystudiesreview.org/2025/03/17/coalition-of-coups-the-aes-ecowas-split-and-west-africas-security-crisis/

Africa’s second top gold producer halts issuance of mining permits to foreigners

https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/markets/africas-second-top-gold-producer-halts-issuance-of-mining-permits-to-foreigners/sf0tmd4?op=1

How dependent is France on Niger's uranium?

https://www.lemonde.fr/en/les-decodeurs/article/2023/08/04/how-dependent-is-france-on-niger-s-uranium_6080772_8.html

The Alliance of Sahel States: Implications

https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2024/09/17/the-alliance-of-sahel-states-implications-challenges-and-prospects-in-west-africa/

Bleak outlook for France as mining interests in Africa suffocate

https://www.miningreview.com/gold/bleak-outlook-for-france-as-mining-interests-in-africa-suffocate/