Double Signing

Double signing in crypto validation occurs when a validator in a Proof of Stake (PoS) blockchain signs two conflicting blocks at the same height or for the same slot. This action can lead to a fork in the blockchain, where two different versions of the blockchain history exist simultaneously, potentially enabling double-spending or other fraudulent activities.
Validators who engage in double signing risk severe penalties, including the slashing of their staked cryptocurrency, which serves as a deterrent against such behavior. It can happen either maliciously, to disrupt the network or for personal gain, or accidentally due to network issues or software bugs.
Effective PoS systems implement mechanisms to detect and penalize double signing, ensuring the integrity and security of the blockchain.