BUJU BANTON ON THE MAROONS IN JAMAICA

Like many colonised and enslaved territories, Jamaica fronted strong resistance against imperialism. Listen to legendary Jamaican singer Buju Banton explain the role the Maroons played. 

The Maroons, enslaved Africans who escaped from Spanish and British plantations, formed independent communities in the island's mountainous regions. Over time, they established well-organised societies, drawing on African cultural traditions for survival. Known for their staunch defiance of British rule and their resistance to slavery, they played a crucial role in the fight for liberation on the Caribbean island.

In the First Maroon War, Africans used guerrilla war tactics to defend their freedom and disrupt British plantations. Maroons' extensive knowledge of Jamaica's terrain challenged colonial forces, and so, after years of conflict, Britain was forced to negotiate peace treaties in 1739 and 1740. The terms recognised Maroon autonomy and the right to own land. In return, the Maroons agreed to stop raiding plantations.

However, tensions persisted despite the treaties, leading to the Second Maroon War in 1795. The war ended in December of that year, with the Maroons agreeing to lay down their arms, return runaway enslaved Africans and be relocated to another part of the island in exchange for being spared repercussions. The British, as usual, broke the agreement.

They deported many to Nova Scotia in Canada, and later to Sierra Leone upon demand due to Canada's hostile climate. This marked the end of large-scale Maroon resistance to British colonial rule.

Maroons hold a cherished legacy in Jamaica to this day. Communities, such as Accompong and Moore Town, still celebrate their heritage, preserving rich African cultural practices. For example, on 5-6 January each year, the Maroon festival brings together people from around the world to commemorate the signing of the 1739 treaty under Captain Cudjoe, who is considered the greatest of the Maroon leaders.

Video credit: @revolttv 

Sources:

Who were the Maroons? https://discoveringbristol.org.uk/slavery/against-slavery/black-resistance-against-slavery/the-maroons-of-jamaica/ 

Fought against slavery https://discoveringbristol.org.uk/slavery/against-slavery/black-resistance-against-slavery/the-maroons-of-jamaica/ 

First Maroon war https://face2faceafrica.com/article/how-the-maroons-from-africa-battled-the-british-in-jamaica-and-won-in-the-1700s 

https://discoveringbristol.org.uk/slavery/against-slavery/black-resistance-against-slavery/the-maroons-of-jamaica/ 

Second Maroon war https://jamaicatimeline.com/history/maroon-2ndwar.html 

Deportation to Canada

https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20240731/what-happened-trelawny-town-maroons 

British breaking the agreement

https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20240731/what-happened-trelawny-town-maroons 

Petition to go to Sierra Leone

https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20240731/what-happened-trelawny-town-maroons 

Legacy today.

Accompong https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/legendary-community-that-fought-for-its-freedom-in-jamaica 

Moore Town https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G3xW808tdJE 

https://schoolhistory.co.uk/early-modern/second-maroon-war

https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/2018/04/07/what-triggered-the-second-maroon-war-in-1795

Captain Cudjoe

https://nlj.gov.jm/history-notes/The%20Maroons%20edited%20final.htm

Maroon Festival

https://maroonfestja.com/about-us