Abu Said Al-Basri अलबसरी ابو سعید ابن ابی الحسن یسار البصری کی سوانح حیات اور مزار کی تاریخ

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Biography of Abu Said ibn Abi al-Hasan Yasar al-Basri and the history of his shrine

Dekhti Aankhooon aur sountay kaanoon ko Asslamoalaikum, sisters, brothers friends and elders, in informative series videos of Islamic ascolars, sufisaints, cultural heritages, islamic philosophys, islamic mysticisms and historical figures. today we are describing biography of Abu Said ibn Abi al-Hasan Yasar al-Basri and the history of his shrine.

Abu Said ibn Abi al-Hasan Yasar al-Basri, often referred to as Hasan of Basra or Hasan al-Basri, was an ancient Muslim preacher, ascetic, theologian, exegete, scholar, and judge.

Born in Medina in 642, Hasan belonged to the second generation of Muslims, all of whom would subsequently be referred to as the t?bi??n in Sunni Islamic piety. He became one of "the most celebrated" of the tabiun, enjoying an "acclaimed scholarly career and an even more remarkable posthumous legacy in Islamic scholarship."

Hasan, revered for his austerity and support for "renunciation" (zuhd), preached against worldliness and materialism during the early days of the Umayyad Caliphate, with his passionate sermons casting a "deep impression on his contemporaries." His close relationships with several of the most prominent companions of Muhammad only strengthened his standing as a teacher and scholar of the Islamic sciences. The particular disciplines in which he is said to have excelled included exegesis (tafsir) of the Quran, whence his "name is invariably encountered in" classical and medieval commentaries on the scripture, as well as theology. Hasan became an important figure to the later founders of Sufism with his name occurring "in many mystical silsilas (chains of teachers and their disciples) going back to Muhammad" in the writings of Sunni mystics from the ninth-century onwards.

Scholars have said that very few of Hasan's original writings survive, with his proverbs and maxims on various subjects having been transmitted primarily through oral tradition by his numerous disciples. While fragments of his famed sermons do survive in the works of later authors, the only complete manuscripts that bear his name are apocryphal works such as the Risalat al-qadar ila Abd al-Malik (Epistle to Abd al-Malik against the Predestinarians), a pseudopigraphical text from the ninth or early-tenth century, and another letter "of an ascetic and hortatory character" addressed to Umar II (d. 720), which is likewise deemed spurious.

Traditionally, Hasan has been commemorated as an outstanding figure by all the Sunni schools of thought, and was frequently designated as one of the well respected of the early Islamic community in later writings by such important Sunni thinkers as Abu Talib al-Makki , Abu Nu`aym , Ali Hujwiri, Ibn al-Jawzi and Attar of Nishapur. In his famed kut al-kulub, the most important work of Basran mysticism, Abu Talib al-Makki says of Hasan: "Hasan is our Imim in this doctrine which we represent. We walk in his footsteps and we follow his ways and from his lamp we have our light".

Hasan was born in Medina in 642 CE. His mother, Khayra, is said to have been a maidservant of one of Muhammad's wives, Umm Salama (d. 683), while his father, Peroz, was a Persian slave who originally hailed from southern Iraq. According to tradition, Hasan grew up in Medina for the vast portion of his early life, prior to his family's move to Basra after the Battle of Siffin. According to some scholars, it is "primarily this association with Medina and his acquaintance there with many of the notable Companions and wives of Mu?ammad that elevated [Hasan's] importance as an authoritative figure in Muslim religious and historical genealogy."

The various extant biographies relate that Hasan was once nursed by Umm Salama, and that his mother took him after his birth to the caliph Umar, who is related to have blessed him with the prayer: "O God! Please do make him wise in the faith and beloved to all people." As he grew, Hasan began to be widely admired for his uncompromising faithfulness to the example of Muhammad. The various early sources on Hasan's life relate that he frequently studied at the feet of the fourth caliph in Islam, Imam Ali, during this period, who is said to have taught Hasan while the latter was still "an adolescent." As there is evidence that the metaphysical idea of the abdal – forty major saints whose number, according to traditional mystical belief, is believed to remain constant till the Day of Judgment, with each group of forty being replaced by another upon their earthly death – was prevalent at the time, there are traditions which relate that some of Hasan's contemporaries did indeed identify him as one of the abdal of that period.

As a young man, Hasan took part in the campaigns of conquest in eastern Iran and worked as a jewel-merchant, prior to forsaking the business and military life for that of a pure ascetic and scholar. It was during this latter period that he began to criticize the policies of the governors in Iraq, even stirring up the authorities to such a degree that he actually had to flee for the safety of his life under the reign of Hajjaj, whose anger Hasan had roused due to his forthright condemnation of Hajjaj's founding of Wasi in 705. Farqad as-Sabakhi, was an Armenian Christian convert to Islam. Together with figures like as-Sabakhi and Rabia Basri, Hasan began to publicly denounce the accumulation of riches by the wealthy; and it is said that he personally despised wealth to such a degree that he even "rejected a suitor for his daughter's hand who was famous for his wealth simply because of his riches." Hasan died in Basra in 728, being eighty-six years old. According to a tradition quoted by the medieval traditionist Qushayri, "on the night of al-Hasan al-Basri’s death ... [a local man] saw in a dream that the Gates of Heaven were opened and a crier announced: 'Verily, al-Hasan al-Basri is coming to God Most High, Who is pleased with him.'"

Abu Sa'id ibn Abi al-Hasan Yasar al-Basri, commonly known as Hasan of Basra or Hasan al-Basri, was a renowned Islamic scholar, theologian, and ascetic. He passed away on 5th Rabi' al-Thani 110 AH, which corresponds to 728 CE.

Hasan al-Basri's shrine is located in the city of Basra, Iraq. The shrine, also known as the Maqam Hasan al-Basri, is a revered site for Muslims, particularly those affiliated with the Sunni tradition. The shrine complex includes a mosque, a madrasa, and a cemetery where Hasan al-Basri is buried.

Throughout history, the shrine has undergone several renovations and expansions. Today, it remains a significant pilgrimage site, attracting visitors from across the globe. The shrine's architecture reflects a blend of Islamic and Arabic influences, with intricate calligraphy, ornate tile work, and majestic domes.

Hasan al-Basri's legacy extends far beyond his shrine. As a prominent figure in early Islamic thought, he played a crucial role in shaping the development of Islamic theology, jurisprudence, and mysticism. His teachings emphasized the importance of piety, compassion, and self-reflection, leaving a lasting impact on Islamic scholarship and spirituality.

With this, we seek your permission until tomorrow, tomorrow we will describe the biography of Scholar Hazrat Babajaan and the history of his maqbara. Allah Hafiz.

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