The Prehistoric Volcano That Nearly Wiped Out All Humanity - Full Documentary

The Toba volcano is a super volcano in the Barisan Mountains of Sumatra, Indonesia that last erupted around 74,000 years ago. The Toba volcano is one of the largest on Earth, with a caldera that's 35 x 100 km. The Toba eruption is considered one of the largest volcanic eruptions in human history, releasing an estimated 2,800 cubic kilometers of ash and lava. It was 100 times larger than the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, which caused the "Year Without a Summer".

The eruption had many effects, including:

Climate change: The eruption may have sent the planet into a severe ice age.

Ozone depletion: The eruption caused a collapse in tropical stratospheric ozone, which increased the maximum daily UV index by 140%.
Genetic bottleneck: Some scientists believe the eruption may have decreased the human population to a few tens of thousands of individuals. However, this hypothesis is not widely accepted.

Lake Toba
The volcano's caldera is now filled with water, forming Lake Toba, the world's largest volcanic lake.

The Toba eruption (also called the Toba supereruption and the Youngest Toba eruption) was a super volcanic eruption that occurred about 74,000 years ago, during the Late Pleistocene, at the site of present-day Lake Toba, in Sumatra, Indonesia. It was the last in a series of at least four caldera-forming eruptions there, the earlier known caldera having formed about 1.2 million years ago.[3] This, the last eruption had an estimated volcanic explosivity index of 8, making it the largest known explosive volcanic eruption in the Quaternary, and one of the largest known explosive eruptions in the Earth's history threatening the extinction of the cavemen.

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