Robust and cheap to run bicycle?

How to build (with which components) a reliable, robust bicycle that rides well and is simple and cheap to do maintenance on?

CONTENTS:
00:00 Who's this for?
01:25 The cheapest option
02:35 Caveat 1
03:04 Caveat 2
05:00 Threadless 1" forks?
05:52 Threadless 1 1/8" forks
08:42 Less than ideal
11:45 Components?
13:52 Component costs
22:48 Conclusion?
24:43 Bonus bike :)

Useful LINKS:

Threaded bottom bracket standards explained (article):
https://bike.bikegremlin.com/1634/bicycle-bottom-bracket-standards-explained/

Friction shifters explained (video):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-a3bXH0ZJ1Y

Bicycle shifter, brake cable, and housing standards (article):
https://bike.bikegremlin.com/8548/cable-housing-standards/

Bicycle panniers 101 & How to mount (Ortlieb) panniers (video):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwMcQ6HES3M

About me:
https://www.bikegremlin.com/about/

A list of BikeGremlin websites and channels:
https://www.bikegremlin.com/

List of all the BikeGremlin videos, sorted by categories:
https://www.bikegremlin.com/youtube/

Camera: Gox

id: 1237