Part-1 | Is There Sunnah Prayer before Jummah?

@islamichistory813 #sunnahprayerbeforejummah

Asslamoalaikum, sisters brothers friends and elders, today we are discribing that Is There Sunnah Prayer before Jummah?

Question

We know from the authentic Hadiths that there are four Rak`ahs before Dhuhr. How should we do these Rak`ahs on Friday? It is known that there are no Sunnah prayers before Jumu`ah, but for a person who has the habit of praying these four Rak`ahs, is it acceptable for him to do them on Friday? Is it acceptable for him to pray them before the sun passes the zenith?

There is no regular Sunnah prayer before Jumu`ah. What is prescribed is to offer whatever voluntary prayers you want from the time you enter the mosque until the Imam ascends the pulpit.
Answer

Sunnah before Jumu`ah
Did Ibn Mas`ud use to pray four Rak`ahs before Jumu`ah and four afterwards?
Is it recommended to offer voluntary prayers before Jumu`ah?

Praise be to Allah.
Sunnah before Jumu`ah

There is no proven report from the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) that he prescribed a regular Sunnah prayer to be offered before Jumu`ah prayer . And there is no proven report from any of the Companions of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) that they prayed any regular Sunnah prayer before Jumu`ah like the regular Sunnah prayer of Dhuhr or any other prayer.

It is not valid to pray the regular Sunnah prayer of Dhuhr on Friday , because Jumu`ah is not Dhuhr; rather it is a prayer with its own rulings. So it is not Dhuhr and it is not valid either to compare it to Dhuhr in that regard.
Did Ibn Mas`ud use to pray four Rak`ahs before Jumu`ah and four afterwards?

With regard to the report which says that Ibn Mas`ud (may Allah be pleased with him) used to pray four Rak`ahs before Jumu`ah and four afterwards, it was narrated by At-Tirmidhi in a mu‘allaq which he narrated in a way that indicates that it is inauthentic; it is also Mawquf , with an Isnad (chain of narration) that ends with Ibn Mas`ud. The commentator on At-Tirmidhi narrated from Ibn Hajar (may Allah have mercy on him) that `Abd Ar-Razzaq and At-Tabarani narrated it in a Marfu` report, but its Isnad has some weakness and interruptions, and a report that is like this cannot be quoted as evidence. (See Fatawa Al-Lajnah Ad-Da’imah, 8/261)

Shaykh Al-Albani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “(It is) inauthentic, as it says in As-Silsilah Ad-Da`ifah, 3/83.”
Is it recommended to offer voluntary prayers before Jumu`ah?

It is recommended for the one who comes to Jumu`ah to offer voluntary prayers beforehand, whatever he is able to do, from the time he enters the mosque until the Imam comes out to the people, without that being limited to a specific number. So he may pray two or four Rak`ahs, or whatever Allah wills that he should pray.

Al-Bukhari (883) and Muslim (657) narrated that Salman Al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever does Ghusl on Friday , purifies himself as much as he can, uses (hair) oil or perfumes himself with the perfume of his house, then goes out (for the Jumu`ah prayer) and does not separate between two (persons sitting together in the mosque), then prays as much as is decreed for him, then remains silent whilst the Imam is speaking, his sins between the present and the last Friday will be forgiven for him.”

Ibn Al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) said, discussing matters that are specific to Friday:

“It is not disliked to pray on Friday at the time of the zenith, according to Ash-Shafa`i (may Allah have mercy on him) and those who agreed with him. This is the view favoured by our shaykh, Abu Al-`Abbas ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him), and he did not base his view on the Hadith of Layth from Mujahid from Abu Al-Khalil from Abu Qatadah from the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), which states that it is disliked to pray at midday except on Friday, and he said: “Hell flares up (at noon) except on Friday”. Rather he based his view on a report which states that whoever comes to Jumu`ah, it is recommended for him to pray until the Imam comes out.

He quoted the Hadith of Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned above, then he said: The report recommends praying as much as is decreed for one, and not stopping until the time when the Imam comes out.

Hence more than one of the Salaf, including `Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), who was followed in that by Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, said that the appearance of the Imam prevents prayer and his Khutbah prevents speaking. They said that the factor which prevents prayer is the appearance of the Imam, not the mid-point of the day (noon).

Moreover, if the people are inside the mosque, beneath the roof, and they cannot tell when the zenith occurs, and a man is focusing on his prayer, he does not know when the zenith occurs and he cannot go out, stepping over people’s necks to look at the sun and come back, and it is not prescribed for him to do that.” (Zad Al-Ma`ad, 1/365)

Ash-Shawkani (may Allah have mercy on him) also regarded this view as being more correct and he noted that the Hadith of Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned above makes an exception to the general meaning of the Hadiths that forbid praying at the time of the zenith. (See Nayl Al-Awtar, 3/313)

This view was also favoured by Shaykh `Abdullah Al-Fawzan (may Allah preserve him) and he quoted as evidence for it something similar to what was narrated from Ibn Al-Qayyim. (See Minah Al-`Allam Sharh Bulugh Al-Maram, 1/162, Al-Ajwibah An-Nafi‘ah by Shaykh Al-Albani (may Allah have mercy on him), 59-70)

Imam Abu Shamah (may Allah have mercy on him) discussed these two issues: that there is no regular Sunnah prayer before Jumu`ah and that it is prescribed to offer voluntary prayers before Jumu`ah prayer until the Imam comes out.

He (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
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