In the second half of the fifties, violations of the state border of the USSR in the airspace...

...with the use of high-altitude US U-2 reconnaissance aircraft became more and more frequent.

The aviation industry and troops formed a response to such a threat the Sukhoi Su-9 (NATO code "Fishpot-B") turned out to be such a machine.
On the basis of the Su-9 fighter, the world's first interception complex was created, which consisted of the aircraft itself armed with guided missiles and the "Vozdukh-1" ground guidance and control system. It was a network of ground radars that extended across the entire national territory.

The task of the ground radar stations was to detect an intruding aircraft; data relating to the plane's speed, altitude and direction were then downloaded to the computer which automatically and radio silently provided them to the plane's instruments.
The Su-9 was used only by the Soviet Air Force (VVS) and was never exported. For that time the Su-9 had decidedly unique speed (2250 km/h) and altitude (20,000 metres) characteristics.
The updated version was designated Su-11, while both were later radically replaced by the Su-15 and MiG-25.