What is the difference between fiqh and Shari’ah and what is usul ul fiqh

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Asslamoalaikum, sisters brothers friends and elders, today we are discribing that Difference between Shari’ah, Fiqh and Usul Al-Fiqh

Question

What is the difference between fiqh and Shari’ah and what is usul ul fiqh?
Summary of answer
Shari`ah is the entire religion; Fiqh is knowledge of the practical, minor Shar‘i rulings and Usul al-Fiqh is knowledge of the evidence for Shar‘i rulings and the ways in which these rulings are derived.

Answer

What is Shari`ah?
What does Fiqh mean?
What is Usul al-Fiqh?

Praise be to Allah.
What is Shari`ah?

In linguistic terms, Shari`ah refers to a water source, which is the source to which people who want to drink come, so they drink from it and fill their buckets, and perhaps bring their animals to drink from it as well.

The Arabs do not call a water source Shari`ah unless the water is flowing without interruption, and is visible and can be seen. (Lisan al-‘Arab (8/175)

In Shar‘i terminology, Shari`ah refers to the entire religion (Islam), which Allah has chosen for His slaves to bring them forth thereby from the depths of darkness into the light. It is what He has prescribed for them and what He has explained to them of commands and prohibitions, halal and haram.

Whoever follows the Shari`ah of Allah, regarding as permissible (halal) that which He has permitted and regarding as forbidden (haram) that which He has prohibited, will triumph.

Whoever goes against the Shari`ah (laws) of Allah has exposed himself to divine vengeance, wrath and punishment.

Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Then We put you, [O Muhammad], on an ordained way [Shari`ah] concerning the matter [of religion]; so follow it and do not follow the inclinations of those who do not know.” [al-Jathiyah 45:18]
What does Fiqh mean?

In linguistic terms, fiqh means understanding. It may be said that so-and-so has been given fiqh fi’d-din, meaning understanding of the religion. Another example is the du‘a of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) for Ibn 'Abbas: “Allahumma faqqihhu fi’d-din (O Allah, give him understanding of the religion).” (Narrated by al-Bukhari (143) and Muslim (2477) (Tahdhib al-Lughah (5/263)

In Shar‘i terminology, fiqh refers to knowledge of the practical, minor Shar‘i rulings which are derived from detailed evidence and proof. Al-Mawsu‘ah al-Fiqhiyyah (1/13)

Ibn Hazm (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

“The definition of fiqh is: knowledge of the rulings of Shari`ah as derived from the Quran and the words of the one who was sent with it (the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)), for these rulings can only be taken from him.

What is implied by this definition is: knowledge of the rulings of the Quran, and what abrogates and what is abrogated of it (an-nasikh wa’l-mansukh); and knowledge of the rulings in the hadiths of the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), what abrogates and what is abrogated of it, and what is soundly narrated of it and what is not; and knowledge of the matters concerning which there was consensus among the scholars and what they differed about; and knowledge of how to refer differences of opinion to the Quran and Sunnah of the Messenger (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him). This is what is meant by having knowledge of the rulings of Shari`ah.” (Al-Ihkam fi Usul al-Ahkam (5/127)

Ibn Jibrin (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

“Fiqh is understanding of the texts, Quranic verses and hadiths, and knowing how to derive rulings from them.” (Sharh Akhsar al-Mukhtasarat (1/2)
What is Usul al-Fiqh?

The word asl (pl. usul) refers to the origin of a thing and what it is based on. Hence the father is the origin of the child, and the river is the origin of the channel. (Al-Misbah al-Munir (1/16)

Usul al-Fiqh is knowledge of Shar‘i evidence and the way in which that evidence is interpreted in order to reach a ruling, in general terms or in detail. (Sharh Mukhtasar ar-Rawdah (1/106)

Ibn ‘Uthaymin (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

“Usul al-Fiqh may be defined in two ways:

Firstly, on the basis of the two words that make up the phrase, namely the word usul and the word fiqh.

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