Javascript Closure

In these illustration:
In the first example, outerFunction defines an innerFunction inside it. innerFunction has access to outerVariable even after outerFunction has completed execution. The returned innerFunction forms a closure, and when it's called outside of outerFunction, it still has access to outerVariable.
In the second example, the greet function returns another function that uses the name parameter from its outer scope. This allows you to create specific greeting functions for different names.
In the third example, the counter function returns a function that increments and logs a counter variable. The counter variable is retained in the closure, allowing the inner function to maintain its state across multiple calls.
Understanding closures is crucial for advanced JavaScript development, as they play a significant role in creating modular and efficient code.