The Hidden World of Seamounts | Nature World Explore

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Seamounts are important deep sea ecosystems. Breaking the flat monotony of the abyssal plains, these underwater mountains emerge from the mud. Those that rise less than 1,000 m (3,000 feet) above the plains are called abyssal hills, while anything taller is a seamount. And there are at least 100,000 of them, with over half found in the Pacific Ocean near the tectonic plate boundaries. An unsurprising statistic, for Seamounts are formed from volcanism. The same process responsible for the formation of many island chains. At mid-ocean ridges, the converging tectonic plates collide at boundaries called subduction zones. One plate is subducted, or forced down towards the Earth’s molten interior. As it is subducted, the crust melts and becomes magma, which rises through the rock and erupts to form volcanoes and seamounts.