Who was the Pharaoh of the Exodus? Evidence of the Exodus [1/4]

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Who was the Pharaoh of the Exodus? The Bible never mentions the Pharaoh’s name, and some think the Exodus account may be more myth than history. However, the Bible does give us some clues on dates, locations, and events in the kingdom of Egypt. And although Egypt’s own timeline is contested, we can connect the dots and get a pretty good idea of who might have been the Pharaoh of the Exodus. This lesson is one of four episodes from our Biblical Archaeology series on the Exodus.

Developed & Hosted by Michael Lane
Produced & Edited by Charlotte Fohner

TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 Preview & Introduction
2:12 Timeframe of the Exodus
7:06 Historian Hypotheses
14:23 Historical Relations between Egyptians & Hebrews
26:00 The Thutmosis Dynasty
45:30 The Reign that ended in Silence
56:00 Summary & Conclusion

CREDITS:
• Title clips by The Instagrapher on Pexels:
o https://www.pexels.com/video/hieroglyphic-carvings-on-rock-7574278/
o https://www.pexels.com/video/ancient-egyptian-artifact-7575442/
o https://www.pexels.com/video/close-up-video-of-a-stone-tablet-with-hieroglyphic-7492692/
• Thumbnail photography by antonio filigno on Pexels: https://www.pexels.com/photo/a-statue-of-pharaoh-10210893/
• Photographs by E4F staff Charlotte Fohner from the Penn Museum: https://www.penn.museum/
• Stock Music provided by mv_production, and SplashStudio from Pond5
• Additional Photography and Art:
o AXP Photography on Unsplash
o MEUM MARE: https://www.pexels.com/photo/close-up-of-hieroglyphs-17004825/
o Thutmosis III, Chipdawes/Oltau, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9984893
o Hatshepsut, Metropolitan Museum of Art, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=57859093
o Amenhotep II’s Mummy, Unknown Author, https://egypt-museum.com/mummy-of-amenhotep-ii/
o Amenhotep II’s Mummy (1902), Howard Carter, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=30709102
o Yul Brynner as Ramses the Great, Unknown Author, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=121088312
o 18th Dynasty Map, Andrei Nacu/Jeff Dahl, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4335117
o Hyksos Period Map, Iry-Hor, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=34922151
o Faiyum Oasis Map, H.Seldon/Jeff Dahl, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3948636
o Carnarvon Tablet (1912), George Edward Stanhope Molyneux Herbert, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27998667
o Nile God Hapi Vector, Jeff Dahl, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3369966
o Nile God Hapi Photography, Olaf Tausch, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=86268732
o Dream Stela, Carl Richard Lepsius, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=47437437
o Amenhotep II mural at Temple of Amada, Dennis Jarvis, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22604766

ADDITIONAL READING/RESOURCES:
• The Hyksos: Evidence of Jacob’s Family in Ancient Egypt? By the Armstrong Institute: https://armstronginstitute.org/835-the-hyksos-evidence-of-jacobs-family-in-ancient-egypt
• 12 Tribes of Israel on a Seal from Avaris by Patterns of Evidence: https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2018/09/14/12-tribes-of-israel-on-a-seal-from-egypt/

#exodus #pharaoh #egypt #egyptology #bible #biblicalarchaeology #whowasthepharaoh #history #archaeology
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