Dr. Joe Mercola & Dr. Scott Sherr - The Role of GABA in Mental Health and Well-Being

Mentally, GABA deficiency is associated with anxiety, fear, depression, short temper, phobias, impulsiveness, disorganization, addictions, schizophrenia and OCD. IBS, diarrhea, hypertension, tinnitus, chronic pain, migraines, allergies, frequent urination, flushing, sweating, salt cravings and muscle tension are physical symptoms of GABA deficiency.

GABA, or gamma-aminobutyric acid, is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) that plays a crucial role in regulating brain activity. It is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, which means it has a calming and inhibitory effect on the firing of neurons, helping to balance and control brain function.

Here are some key points about GABA as it relates to neurotransmission:

Inhibition: GABA's primary function is to inhibit or reduce the activity of neurons in the brain and spinal cord. When GABA is released into the synapse (the gap between two neurons), it binds to specific receptors on the receiving neuron, leading to a decrease in the neuron's firing rate. This inhibition helps to prevent excessive neural activity, which can lead to conditions like seizures, anxiety, and insomnia.

Balance: GABA acts as a counterbalance to excitatory neurotransmitters like glutamate. The balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters is essential for maintaining normal brain function. An imbalance can lead to various neurological and psychological disorders.

Effects on Mood and Anxiety: GABA is often associated with feelings of relaxation and reduced anxiety. Some anti-anxiety medications and sedatives work by enhancing GABA's inhibitory effects, which can help calm the nervous system.

Synthesis and Regulation: GABA is synthesized from the amino acid glutamate through the action of an enzyme called glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). GABA levels are tightly regulated in the brain to maintain proper neurotransmission. Dysregulation of GABAergic neurotransmission has been implicated in conditions such as epilepsy, anxiety disorders, and certain mood disorders.

Medications and GABA: Several drugs, such as benzodiazepines (e.g., Valium and Xanax) and barbiturates, target GABA receptors to enhance GABA's inhibitory effects. These drugs are commonly prescribed to treat anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. However, they can also be habit-forming and have potential side effects.

Natural Ways to Influence GABA: Certain lifestyle factors, such as regular exercise, adequate sleep, and a healthy diet, can help support GABA function. Some dietary supplements, like L-theanine (found in tea) and GABA supplements themselves, are believed to have a mild GABAergic effect and may promote relaxation.

In summary, GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays a vital role in regulating neural activity and maintaining the balance between excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain. Its influence on the nervous system has implications for mood, anxiety, and overall brain function.