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Monday, December 2nd 2023 – St. Anno of Cologne

1. **Eminent Saint:** St. Anno (1010-1075), a significant figure in the early Holy Roman German Empire, was not only recorded in history but also celebrated in the medieval German poem, the Annoniada.

2. **Versatile Titles:** In 1055, Anno became the Archbishop of Cologne and held titles such as professor in the School of Bamberg, Chancellor of the Holy Empire, and founder of monasteries. He played a pivotal role in introducing the Cluny reform in Germany.

3. **Majestic Bearing:** St. Anno was known for his majestic bearing, great oratory skills, and proficiency in conversation. His classes and talks captivated audiences, earning him admiration for his learning and orthodoxy.

4. **Critical Intervention:** In 1062, St. Anno played a crucial role in saving the Gregorian Reform during a crisis in the Holy Roman Empire. He intervened when the death of Pope Stephen IX led to a struggle over recognizing the elected Pope.

5. **Coup of Kaiserwerth:** As Chancellor, St. Anno kidnapped the 11-year-old future Emperor during a journey by boat, a strategic move known as the Coup of Kaiserwerth. He took the boy to Cologne, convoked a nobles' assembly, and was elected regent.

6. **Noble Assembly Decision:** The assembly, after studying the case, determined that Empress Agnes should no longer be regent, granting the role to St. Anno, Archbishop of Cologne.

7. **Synod in Augsburg:** On October 27, 1062, St. Anno presided over a synod in Augsburg. During this synod, the decree of Pope Nicholas II was accepted, and the election of Pope Alexander II was recognized, securing the Gregorian Reform.

8. **Political Sensitivity:** The article highlights the significance of papal elections in world politics during the Middle Ages, where the Holy Roman Emperor and Empress had vested interests in influencing the election.

9. **Conflict of Camps:** St. Anno's actions addressed a conflict over who should elect the Pope – the nobles and clergy of Rome or the College of Cardinals. His move favored the latter, aligning with the Gregorian Reform.

10. **Penitence of Empress Agnes:** The Empress, who had supported the anti-pope Honorius II, later repented. In an extraordinary act of penance, she went to Rome dressed in sackcloth with a rope around her neck, seeking public forgiveness from Pope Gregory VII.

St. Anno of Cologne, pray for us!

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