China's Population Crisis Is Deepening, Birth Rate Signals Demographic And Economic Collapse

The main driver of China's population decline is the legacy of the one-child policy, which was introduced in 1980 to curb the explosive population growth that followed the end of the Mao era. The policy limited most urban couples to having only one child while allowing some exceptions for rural families, ethnic minorities, and parents who were both single children. The policy was enforced through a system of rewards and penalties, including fines, forced abortions, sterilizations, and even confiscation of property.

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China's Population Crisis Is Deepening, Birth Rate Signals Demographic And Economic Collapse