Introduction to color contrast and accessibility

Color contrast is the differentiation in brightness or color between text and its background in digital content. It plays a vital role in design as it directly impacts the readability of text, especially for individuals with visual impairments or difficulties in perceiving colors. A higher color contrast enhances the legibility of text and graphics, while lower contrast can make content more challenging to interpret.

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are universally acknowledged standards for web accessibility that provide specific recommendations for color contrast. WCAG suggests a minimum contrast ratio between text and its background, often specified as a ratio like 4.5:1 for regular text and 3:1 for larger text. This guideline ensures that text remains easily distinguishable for people with limited vision, making it a critical factor in expanding the accessibility of digital content to a broader audience.
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