TIM NOAKES d | Before carb era: all great athletes were fat-adapted: burned fat for high performance

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presents episode 1133 | Dr Tim Noakes
Levels podcast

When you stop eating carbs...your muscles full of fat,
will burn fat

2 years ago, studied low carb, really good athlete...
-did 100k time trial--from moment got onto bike,
-burning 1.7g fat/minute
If athlete carb-adapted, would get nowhere near that level
-carb athlete starts at .4g/min and
takes hours & hours to get near 1.7g
"It is the content of muscle glycogen
determines how much carb & fat you
burn

I went back to original 1967 Scandinavian studies...
checked low carb group: they could only exercise for 1 hour, but
had highest level fat oxidation ever recorded--
researchers did not notice it because they focused only on carbs
LOW CARB GROUP WERE NOT FAT ADAPTED
-yet did burn fat for one hour
"My interpretation: body is designed to
be fat-adapted...it only deviates from
this when eating high carb diet"
-our natural state is to burn fat
Dr Louise Burke: high carb athletes...
in 5 days of low carb: burning 1.6g/min fat

Why do we always burn some glucose...even when fat-adapted
for decades?
Some glucose is obligatory for brain
-so, blood glucose oxidation goes up during exercise to preserve
some glucose for brain
[we know from Dr Mason, Dr Bikman
that brain prefers ketones for fuel, but
also that parts of brain need glucose]
-some obligatory glucose may be for
kidneys or other tissues--even muscle
but a tiny, tiny amount
"Used to think glucose was predominant for muscle"

Another study, 1986, Dr Edward Coyle, showed ingesting
carbs during exercise could improve performance...
-starved athletes 12 hours before study to get model to work
Dr Noakes reviewed data of metabolic state of athletes
-they did not report fat oxidation rates
-did report carb oxidation rates
"When these athletes took carbs to
boost performance, they were burning
bat at 1.2g/min--highest value ever
reported at that time!
Why? Were fat-adapted at the time.
-this was before carb loading craze hit

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