Economic recession

A recession is an economic downturn characterized by a significant decline in economic activity within a country or region. It typically involves a decrease in gross domestic product (GDP), rising unemployment rates, reduced consumer spending, and decreased business investment. Recessions can be caused by various factors, including financial crises, reduced consumer and business confidence, high inflation, or external shocks like a pandemic or geopolitical events. Governments and central banks often implement measures to stimulate economic growth and stabilize financial markets during recessions, such as lowering interest rates, increasing government spending, or implementing quantitative easing policies. The duration and severity of recessions can vary widely, with recovery periods also varying depending on the underlying causes and policy responses.