How to bring mars sample tube

To bring Mars sample tubes back to Earth, here's a simplified step-by-step description of the process: ni

1. **Sample Collection**: The first step involves collecting samples from the Martian surface. NASA's Perseverance rover, for example, collected rock and regolith samples and stored them in airtight containers.

2. **Sample Transfer**: Once collected, these samples are sealed within special sample tubes designed to maintain their integrity. These tubes are kept on the rover until they are ready for transfer.

3. **Sample Deposition**: To prepare for return, these tubes are placed on the Martian surface in a specific location. This is typically done in a cache or depot for later retrieval.

4. **Sample Retrieval**: A future mission, possibly a Sample Retrieval Lander (SRL), will be sent to Mars. It will carry a Fetch Rover, which will pick up the sample tubes from the cache.

5. **Transfer to the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV)**: The fetched samples will be transported to the Mars Ascent Vehicle, which will be designed to launch from the Martian surface.

6. **Launch from Mars**: The MAV will launch from Mars with the collected samples on board. It will reach Martian orbit.

7. **Transfer to Earth Return Vehicle (ERV)**: In Martian orbit, the MAV will rendezvous with the Earth Return Vehicle (ERV), which was previously sent to Mars in orbit. The samples will be transferred to the ERV.

8. **Earthbound Trajectory**: The ERV will be on a trajectory back to Earth, carrying the precious samples. During this journey, it will need to navigate complex maneuvers to align with Earth's orbit.

9. **Earth Atmosphere Entry and Landing**: As the ERV re-enters Earth's atmosphere, it will deploy a heat shield to protect the samples from the intense heat. It will then land safely on Earth, likely in a predetermined location.

10. **Sample Retrieval on Earth**: Once safely back on Earth, the sample tubes will be retrieved from the ERV and transported to a specialized laboratory where scientists can study them.

This process is part of NASA's Mars Sample Return mission, a multi-mission effort to bring Martian samples back to Earth for in-depth analysis, which is planned for the coming years.