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Among the more than 200 horse breeds that exist now worldwide are the Appaloosa, Belgian Draft, Holsteiner, and Quarter Horse.

Although breeds can vary greatly in appearance, they are all members of the same species, Equus caballus.

By marrying horses with desired characteristics over thousands of years, mankind have developed many breeds. Because of this, a breed's appearance and its intended usage are frequently associated. A new breed is created when these characteristics are passed down through several generations.

For instance, English horse breeders crossed local riding horses with light, quick Arabians some 200 years ago. As a result, the Thoroughbred was developed—a slim, lanky, extremely quick breed employed in horse racing.

come in a variety of hues and designs. Only a particular color or color combination is permitted for several horse breeds. Individual horses can be almost any color in other breeds.

A horse's genes control the color of its coat. Basic coat colors include "red" and "black," which are linked to important genes. The horse's final appearance, however, is influenced by numerous other genes. These genes are combined to give today's horse breeds their wide range of hues and patterns.
Horses are sized starting at the ground and going up to their withers. The highest point on the back is called the withers. The vertebrae located between the shoulder blades are what give it shape.

Horses are typically measured in "hands." A horse hand (abbreviated as hh) is 4 inches (10 cm) long. It is approximately the size of a man's fist. As a result, 1 1/4 hands is written as 1.1 hands and 1 3/4 hands as 1.3 hands.

The Shire, one of the tallest breeds, can grow as tall as 19 hands, or 76 inches or 193 centimeters. Horses in the miniature category can stand as low as 5 hands (20 inches, or 51 centimeters).